Abstract
This paper investigates the joint estimation of multi-targets’ position and velocity for a terahertz multi-input multi-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system operating in the near field based on tensor decomposition. The waveforms transmitted from shared antennas carry communication messages and are orthogonal to each other in the frequency domain. The estimation of the position and velocity of multiple targets in the considered near-field scenario is challenging because it involves spherical wavefronts. A signal model based on spherical wavefronts enables higher resolution on spatial position, which, if properly designed, can be used to improve the estimation accuracy. In this paper, we propose a CANDE-COMP/PARAFAC (CP) decomposition-based near-field localization (CP-NFL) algorithm for the joint estimation of the position and velocity of multiple targets. In our proposed method, the received signal is expressed as a third-order tensor; based on its factor matrices we convert the original non-convex optimization problem into a convex one and solve it with CVX tools. Our analysis reveals that the uniqueness in CP decomposition can be guaranteed and the computational complexity of our proposed method is linear to the sum of the third powers of the number of sub-carriers, OFDM symbols, antennas, and targets. Numerical results show that our proposed method has a clear advantage over the existing method in terms of estimation accuracy and computational complexity.
摘要
本文基于张量分解研究了近场多输入多输出(MIMO)正交频分复用(OFDM)系统中多目标位置和速度的联合估计问题。考虑各天线发送携带有通信消息且在频域中彼此正交的OFDM波形, 此时的近场多目标位置和速度估计问题涉及到球面波前信号模型, 其求解是极具挑战的。然而, 基于球面波前的信号模型具有更高的空间位置分辨率, 如果设计得当, 可以用于提高参数估计精度。本文提出了一种基于CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP)分解的近场定位(CP-NFL)算法, 用于多目标位置和速度的联合估计。该方法将接收到的信号表示为一个三阶张量; 根据其因子矩阵, 在此基础上将原非凸优化问题转化为凸优化问题, 并使用CVX工具求解。我们的分析表明, 所提出的方法可以保证CP分解的唯一性, 并且计算复杂度与子载波数、OFDM符号数、天线数和目标数的三次方之和呈线性关系。仿真结果表明, 相比现有方法, 该方法在估计精度和计算复杂度方面都具有明显优势。
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Data availability
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Contributions
Lingxiang LI and Ke LIU designed the research. Weixin CHEN and Qiang XU processed the data. Shengfu ZHAO drafted the paper. Zhen WANG helped organize the paper. Lingxiang LI and Zhi CHEN revised and finalized the paper.
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Zhi CHEN is a guest editor of this special issue, and he was not involved with the peer review process of this paper. All the authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 62271121 and 62301465)
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Liu, K., Zhao, S., Chen, W. et al. Near-field joint estimation of multi-targets’ position and velocity in a terahertz MIMO-OFDM system based on tensor decomposition. Front Inform Technol Electron Eng 25, 1708–1722 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.2400472
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.2400472
Key words
- Terahertz
- Multi-input multi-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM)
- Near-field localization (NFL)
- Velocity estimation
- Tensor decomposition