Digital transformation has generated profound structural changes in companies, impacting their products, processes, and services. It involves the integration of emergent technologies into all aspects of the companies, changing how work is done. From automating repetitive tasks to implementing data-driven decision-making processes, digital transformation optimizes workflows, fosters innovation, and drives competitive advantage. This research investigates the influences and correlations within four key domains: digital transformation, human factors, business process management, and emerging technologies. A literature review in the Scopus and Web of Science databases identified relevant articles aligning with our investigation’s scope. From these articles, criteria for each construct were extracted. The extraction process allowed us to determine elements and parameters that would serve to employ Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), a robust multivariate data analysis approach designed for exploring complex relationships. Theoretical aspects were then utilized to create the SEM model variable relationships. The contribution of this paper is the integration of four distinct study areas, facilitating a comprehensive exploration of their interrelationships and characterizing this research as transdisciplinary. This research addresses crucial aspects of contemporary organizational dynamics, particularly in the context of technological advancements and digital transformation. It contributes to discussions on interdisciplinary approaches to understanding and managing digital transformation within organizations, emphasizing the interaction between human factors and emerging digital technologies. The focus on understanding the cognitive impacts these technologies may induce is of particular significance. Therefore, investigating the effect of cognitive factors (e.g., mental workload) on workers is crucial in improving production efficiency and ensuring the workers’ health.