Farid Ahmed
ABSTRACT
Digital watermarking is a technology to hide information in digital media. We extend the digital watermarking technique Phasemark™, originally developed solely for image authentication, to biometrics to assist in forensic analysis. Using a signature extracted from the Fourier phase of the original image, we hide an encoded signature back into the original image forming a watermarked image. The hiding occurs in the Fourier transform frequency domain. The detection process computes the Fourier transform of the watermarked images, extracts the embedded signature and then correlates it with a calculated signature. Various correlation metrics determine the identity degree of biometric authentication. We show how a composite filter can be used in conjunction with Phasemark™ for robust authentication of fingerprints.
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Digital Library
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- Farid Ahmed and Ira S. Moskowitz, "A Correlation-based Watermarking Method for Image Authentication Applications," Optical Engineering Journal, Aug 2004.Google Scholar
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- A. K. Jain, Umut Uludag, "Hiding Biometric Data," IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 25, no. 11, pp. 1494--1498, 2003. Google ScholarDigital Library
- B.V.K. Vijayakumar, Marios Savvides, C. Xie, K. Venkatramani, and J. Thornton, "Using Composite Correlation Filters for Biometric Verification," Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5106, pp. 13--21, 2003.Google Scholar
- Farid Ahmed and M. A. Karim, "Binarized composite filter design using majority-granted nonlinearity," Computers and Electrical Engineering, Vol. 23, No. 5, pp.283--299 (1998).Google ScholarCross Ref
- Fingerprint Verification Competition http://bias.csr.unibo.it/fvc2004/download.asp FVC Fingerprint database.Google Scholar
- J. L. Horner and J. R. Leger, "Pattern Recognition with Binary phase-only filters," Appl. Opt., vol. 24, pp. 609--611, 1985.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Farid Ahmed and M. A. Karim, "A Filter-feature-based Rotation Invariant Joint Fourier Transform Correlator," Applied Optics, Vol. 34, No. 32, pp. 7556--7560 (1995).Google ScholarCross Ref
- Farid Ahmed and Ira S. Moskowitz, "Phase Signature-based Image Authentication Watermark Robust to Compression and Coding," Mathematics of Data/Image Coding, Compression, and Encryption VII, with Applications, ed. M.S. Schmalz, Proc. Of SPIE Vol. 5561, pp. 133--144, Denver, 2004.Google ScholarCross Ref
- B.V.K. Vijay Kumar and L. Hassebrook, "Performance Measures for Correlation Filters," App Opt, Vol. 29, no. 20, pp. 2997--3006.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Composite signature based watermarking for fingerprint authentication
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