skip to main content
10.1145/1168987.1168992acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesassetsConference Proceedingsconference-collections
Article

Indirect text entry using one or two keys

Published:23 October 2006Publication History

ABSTRACT

This paper introduces a new descriptive model for indirect text composition facilities that is based on the notion of a containment hierarchy. This paper also demonstrates a novel, computer-aided technique for the design of indirect text selection interfaces -- one in which Huffman coding is used for the derivation of the containment hierarchy. This approach guarantees the derivation of optimal containment hierarchies, insofar as mean encoding length. This paper describes an empirical study of two two-key indirect text entry variants and compares them to one another and to the predictive model. The intended application of these techniques is the design of improved indirect text entry facilities for the users of AAC systems.

References

  1. J. Abascal, L. Gardeazabal, and N. Garay. Optimisation of the selection set features for scanning text input. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computers Helping People with Special Needs (ICCHP 2004), pages 788--795, Paris, France, 2004.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  2. A. ASHA. Competencies for speech-language pathologists providing services in augmentative communication. ASHA, 31(3):107--110, 1989.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  3. M. Baljko. The contrastive evaluation of unimodal and multimodal interfaces for voice output communication aids. Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces ICMI'05, 2005. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  4. M. Baljko. The information-theoretic analysis of unimodal interfaces and their multimodal counterparts. Proceedings of the Seventh International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies - ASSETS'05, 2005. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  5. D. R. Beukelman and P. Mirenda. Augmentative and alternative communication: Supporting children & adults with Complex Communication Needs. Paul H. Brookes, Baltimore, MD, third edition, 2005.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  6. S. Card, T. Moran, and A. Newell. The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ, 1983. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  7. A. Dix, J. Finlay, G. Abowd, and R. Beale. Human-Computer Interaction. Pearson, third edition, 2004. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  8. T. Felzer and R. Nordmann. How to operate a PC without using the hands. In Proceedings of the Seventh International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies, ASSETS'05, pages 198--199, Baltimore, MA, October 9-12 2005. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  9. I. S. MacKenzie. Mobile text entry using three keys. In Proceedings of the Second Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction NordiCHI 2002, pages 27--34, 2002. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  10. I. S. MacKenzie, H. Kober, D. Smith, T. Jones, and E. Skepner. Letterwise: Prefix-based disambiguation for mobile text input. In Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology UIST 2001, pages 111--120, 2001. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  11. I. S. MacKenzie and R. W. Soukoreff. Text entry for mobile computing: Models and methods, theory and practice. Human-Computer Interaction, 17:147--198, 2002.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  12. I. S. MacKenzie and R. W. Soukoreff. Phrase sets for evaluating text entry techniques. In Extended Abstracts of the ACM Symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems CHI 2003, pages 754--755, 2003. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  13. I. S. MacKenzie and S. X. Zhang. The design and evaluation of a high-performance soft keyboard. In Proceedings of the 1999 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems CHI'99, pages 25--31, May 1999. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  14. I. S. MacKenzie, S. X. Zhang, and R. W. Soukoreff. Text entry using soft keyboards. Behaviour & Information Technology, 18:235--244, 1999.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  15. P. Majaranta, I. S. MacKenzie, A. Aula, and K.-J. Raiha. Auditory and visual feedback during eye typing. In Extended Abstracts of the ACM Symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems CHI 2003, pages 766--767, 2003. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  16. E. Matais, I. S. MacKenzie, and W. Buxton. One-handed touch-typing on a qwerty keyboard. Human-Computer Interaction, 11(2-3):1--27, 1996. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  17. K. F. McCoy, C. A. Pennington, and A. L. Badman. Compansion: From research prototype to practical integration. Natural Language Engineering, 4(1):73--95, March 1998. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  18. R. W. Soukoreff and I. S. MacKenzie. Theoretical upper and lower bounds on typing speed using a stylus and soft keyboard. Behaviour & Information Technology, 14:370--379, 1995.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  19. R. W. Soukoreff and I. S. MacKenzie. Metrics for text entry research: an evaluation of MSD and KSPC, and a new unified error metric. In Proceedings of SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI 2003, pages 113--120. ACM Press, 2003. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  20. J. Todman and N. Alm. Modelling conversational pragmatics in communication aids. Journal of Pragmatics, 35(4):523--538, April 2003.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  21. H. S. Venkatagiri. Efficient keyboard layouts for sequential access in augmentative and alternative communication. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 15(2):126--134, June 1998.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref

Index Terms

  1. Indirect text entry using one or two keys

      Recommendations

      Comments

      Login options

      Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

      Sign in

      PDF Format

      View or Download as a PDF file.

      PDF

      eReader

      View online with eReader.

      eReader