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Performance optimal processor throttling under thermal constraints

Published: 30 September 2007 Publication History

Abstract

We derive analytically, the performance optimal throttling curve for a processor under thermal constraints for a given task sequence. We found that keeping the chip temperature constant requires an exponential speed curve. Earlier works that propose constant throttling only keep the package/case temperature constant, and are hence suboptimal. We develop high-level thermal and power models that are simple enough for analysis, yet account for important effects like the power-density variation across a chip (hotspots), leakage dependence on temperature (LDT), and differing thermal characteristics of the silicon die and the thermal solution. We use a piecewise-linear approximation for the exponential leakage dependence on temperature, and devise a method to remove the circular dependency between leakage power and temperature. To solve the multi-task speed control problem, we first solve analytically, the single task problem with a constraint on the final package temperature using optimal control theory. We then find the optimum final package temperature of each task by dynamic programming. We compared the total execution time of several randomly generated task sequences using the optimal control policy against a constant speed throttling policy, and found significantly smaller total execution times. We compared the thermal profiles predicted by the proposed high-level thermal model to that of the Hotspot thermal model, and found them to be in good agreement.

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    cover image ACM Conferences
    CASES '07: Proceedings of the 2007 international conference on Compilers, architecture, and synthesis for embedded systems
    September 2007
    292 pages
    ISBN:9781595938268
    DOI:10.1145/1289881
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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    Published: 30 September 2007

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    Author Tags

    1. leakage dependence on temperature
    2. power
    3. thermal management
    4. thermal model
    5. throttling

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    ESWEEK07
    ESWEEK07: Third Embedded Systems Week
    September 30 - October 3, 2007
    Salzburg, Austria

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    • (2021)Datacenter Thermal Monitoring Without Blind Spots: FBG-Based Quasi-Distributed SensingIEEE Sensors Journal10.1109/JSEN.2021.305851321:8(9869-9876)Online publication date: 15-Apr-2021
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