skip to main content
10.1145/1321261.1321303acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesgraphiteConference Proceedingsconference-collections
Article

Algorithms for spherical harmonic lighting

Published: 01 December 2007 Publication History

Abstract

Spherical harmonic (SH) lighting models require efficient and general libraries for evaluation of SH functions and of Wigner matrices for rotation. We introduce an efficient algebraic recurrence for evaluation of SH functions, and also implement SH rotation via Wigner matrices constructed for the real SH basis by a recurrence. Using these algorithms, we provide a freely distributable C / OpenGL implementation for SH diffuse unshadowed, shadowed and inter-reflected models. Our implementation allows flexible switching of scene, light probe, SH degree and lighting model at run time.

References

[1]
Abramowitz, M., and Stegun, I. 1964. Handbook of Mathematics Functions. Dover Publications, Inc., New York.
[2]
Baylis, W. E. 1999. Electrodynamics: A Modern Geometric Approach. Birkhäuser, Boston.
[3]
Blanco, M. A., Flórez, M., and Bermejo, M. 1997. Evaluation of the rotation matrices in the basis of real spherical harmonics. Journal of Molecular Structure (Theochem) 419, 19--27.
[4]
Bleecker, D., and Csordas, G. 1992. Basic Partial Differential Equations. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
[5]
Choi, C. H., Ivanic, J., Gordon, M. S., and Ruedenberg, K. 1999. Rapid and stable determination of rotation matrices between spherical harmonics by direct recursion. Journal of Chemical Physics 111, 8825--8831.
[6]
Dempski, K., and Viale, E. 2005. Advanced Lighting and Materials with Shaders. Wordware Publishing.
[7]
Edmonds, A. R. 1957. Angular Momentum in Quantum Mechanics. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J.
[8]
Green, R. 2003. Spherical harmonic lighting: The gritty details. In Game Developers' Conference.
[9]
Ivanic, J., and Ruedenberg, K. 1996. Rotation matrices for real spherical harmonics. Direct determination by recursion. Journal of Physical Chemistry 100, 6342--6347.
[10]
Kautz, J., Sloan, P.-P., and Snyder, J. 2002. Fast, arbitrary BRDF shading for low-frequency lighting using spherical harmonics. In proceedings of the 12th Eurographics Workshop on Rendering, P. Debevec and S. Gibson, Eds., 301--308.
[11]
Kostelec, P. J., and Rockmore, D. N. 2003. FFTs on the rotation group. Tech. Rep. 03-11-060, Santa Fe Institute.
[12]
Oliveira, S., and Stewart, D. 2006. Writing Scientific Software: A guide to good style. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
[13]
Press, W., Teukolsky, S., Vetterling, W., and Flannery, B. 1992. Numerical Recipes in C: The art of scientific computing, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
[14]
Ramamoorthi, R., and Hanrahan, P. 2001. On the relationship between radiance and irradiance: Determining the illumination from images of a convex Lambertian object. Journal of the Optical Society of America A 18, 2448--2459.
[15]
Ramamoorthi, R., and Hanrahan, P. 2001. An efficient representation for irradiance environment maps. In Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH 2001, ACM Press / ACM SIGGRAPH, New York, E. Fiume, Ed., Computer graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, ACM, 497--500.
[16]
Sloan, P.-P., Kautz, J., and Snyder, J. 2002. Precomputed radiance transfer for real-time rendering in dynamic, low-frequency lighting environments. ACM Transactions on Graphics 21, 3, 527--536.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)CGLight: An effective indoor illumination estimation method based on improved convmixer and GauGANComputers & Graphics10.1016/j.cag.2024.104122125(104122)Online publication date: Dec-2024
  • (2019)Matrix Transformations for Effective Implementation of Radiosity Algorithm Using Graphic ProcessorsLight & Engineering10.33383/2017-081(105-110)Online publication date: Apr-2019
  • (2012)Sparse zonal harmonic factorization for efficient SH rotationACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/2167076.216708131:3(1-9)Online publication date: 5-Jun-2012
  • Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
GRAPHITE '07: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques in Australia and Southeast Asia
December 2007
335 pages
ISBN:9781595939128
DOI:10.1145/1321261
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 01 December 2007

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. Wigner matrix
  2. recurrence
  3. rotation
  4. spherical harmonic lighting

Qualifiers

  • Article

Conference

GRAPHITE07
Sponsor:

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 124 of 241 submissions, 51%

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)7
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
Reflects downloads up to 17 Feb 2025

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)CGLight: An effective indoor illumination estimation method based on improved convmixer and GauGANComputers & Graphics10.1016/j.cag.2024.104122125(104122)Online publication date: Dec-2024
  • (2019)Matrix Transformations for Effective Implementation of Radiosity Algorithm Using Graphic ProcessorsLight & Engineering10.33383/2017-081(105-110)Online publication date: Apr-2019
  • (2012)Sparse zonal harmonic factorization for efficient SH rotationACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/2167076.216708131:3(1-9)Online publication date: 5-Jun-2012
  • (2012)Efficient Visibility Encoding for Dynamic Illumination in Direct Volume RenderingIEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics10.1109/TVCG.2011.3518:3(447-462)Online publication date: 1-Mar-2012
  • (2011)The Boltzmann Transport Equation and Its Projection onto Spherical HarmonicsDeterministic Solvers for the Boltzmann Transport Equation10.1007/978-3-7091-0778-2_2(13-41)Online publication date: 10-Jul-2011
  • (2010)Comparison of Finite Element Bases for Global Illumination in Image SynthesisProceedings of the 2010 23rd SIBGRAPI Conference on Graphics, Patterns and Images10.1109/SIBGRAPI.2010.45(287-294)Online publication date: 30-Aug-2010
  • (2009)Potential for Protein Surface Shape Analysis Using Spherical Harmonics and 3D Zernike DescriptorsCell Biochemistry and Biophysics10.1007/s12013-009-9051-x54:1-3(23-32)Online publication date: 12-Jun-2009
  • (2009)An Interactive 3D Exhibition System with Global Illumination for Digital MuseumProceedings of the 4th International Conference on E-Learning and Games: Learning by Playing. Game-based Education System Design and Development10.1007/978-3-642-03364-3_10(85-92)Online publication date: 31-Jul-2009

View Options

Login options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Figures

Tables

Media

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media