skip to main content
research-article

Getting the best response for your erg

Published: 04 July 2008 Publication History

Abstract

We consider the speed scaling problem of minimizing the average response time of a collection of dynamically released jobs subject to a constraint A on energy used. We propose an algorithmic approach in which an energy optimal schedule is computed for a huge A, and then the energy optimal schedule is maintained as A decreases. We show that this approach yields an efficient algorithm for equi-work jobs. We note that the energy optimal schedule has the surprising feature that the job speeds are not monotone functions of the available energy. We then explain why this algorithmic approach is problematic for arbitrary work jobs. Finally, we explain how to use the algorithm for equi-work jobs to obtain an algorithm for arbitrary work jobs that is O(1)-approximate with respect to average response time, given an additional factor of (1 + ϵ) energy.

References

[1]
Albers, S., and Fujiwara, H. 2006. Energy efficient algorithms for flow time minimization. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer-Verlag, New York, 621--633.]]
[2]
Augustine, J., Swamy, C., and Irani, S. 2004. Optimal power-down strategies. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA, 530--539.]]
[3]
Bansal, N., Kimbrel, T., and Pruhs, K. 2004. Dynamic speed scaling to manage energy and temperature. In Proceedings of the IEEE Syposium on Foundations of Computer Science. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA, 520--529.]]
[4]
Bansal, N., and Pruhs, K. 2005. Speed scaling to manage temperature. In Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science. 460--471.]]
[5]
Bazaraa, M., Sherali, H., and Shetty, C. 1979. Nonlinear Programming: Theory and Algorithms. Wiley, New York.]]
[6]
Becchetti, L., Leonardi, S., Marchetti-Spaccamela, A., and Pruhs, K. R. 2001. Online weighted flow time and deadline scheduling. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Approximation Algorithms for Combinatorial Optimization. 36--47.]]
[7]
Brooks, D., Bose, P., Schuster, S., Jacobson, H., Kudva, P., Buyuktosunoglu, A., Wellman, J., Zyuban, V., Gupta, M., and Cook, P. 2000. Power-aware microarchitecture: design and modeling challenges for next generation microprocessors. IEEE Micro 20, 6, 26--44.]]
[8]
Chen, J.-J., Kuo, T.-W., and Lu, H.-I. 2005. Power-saving scheduling for weakly dynamic voltage scaling devices. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Algorithms and Data Structures. 338--349.]]
[9]
Chen, J.-J., Kuo, T.-W., and Yang, C.-L. 2004. Profit-driven uniprocessor scheduling with energy and timing constraints. In Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Applied Computing. ACM, New York, 834--840.]]
[10]
Irani, S., Shukla, S., and Gupta, R. 2003. Algorithms for power savings. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Discrete Algorithms. ACM, New York, 37--46.]]
[11]
Kwon, W., and Kim, T. 2003. Optimal voltage allocation techniques for dynamically variable voltage processors. In Design Automation. 211--230.]]
[12]
Li, M., Liu, B. J., and Yao, F. F. 2005. Min-energy voltage allocation for tree-structured tasks. In Proceedings of the International Computing and Combinatorics Conference. 283--296.]]
[13]
Mudge, T. 2001. Power: A first-class architectural design constraint. IEEE Comput. Mag. 34, 4, 52--58.]]
[14]
Nesterov, I., and Nemirovski. 1994. Interior Point Polynomial Algorithms in Convex Programming. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Philadelphia, PA.]]
[15]
Pruhs, K., van Stee, R., and Uthaisombut, P. P. 2005. Speed scaling of tasks with precedence constraints. In Proceedings of the WAOA. 307--319.]]
[16]
Yao, F., Demers, A., and Shenker, S. 1995. A scheduling model for reduced CPU energy. In Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA, 374--382.]]
[17]
Yun, H., and Kim, J. 2003. On energy-optimal voltage scheduling for fixed priority hard real-time systems. ACM Trans. Embed. Comput. Syst. 2, 3, 393--430.]]

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Adaptive Genetic Algorithm with Optimized Operators for Scheduling in Computer SystemsIntelligent Information Processing XII10.1007/978-3-031-57808-3_23(317-328)Online publication date: 6-Apr-2024
  • (2022)Speed scaling scheduling of multiprocessor jobs with energy constraint and makespan criterionJournal of Global Optimization10.1007/s10898-021-01115-x83:3(539-564)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2022
  • (2021)Cost Optimal Data Center Servers: A Voltage Scaling ApproachIEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing10.1109/TCC.2018.28448239:1(118-130)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2021
  • Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Transactions on Algorithms
ACM Transactions on Algorithms  Volume 4, Issue 3
June 2008
270 pages
ISSN:1549-6325
EISSN:1549-6333
DOI:10.1145/1367064
Issue’s Table of Contents
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 04 July 2008
Accepted: 01 May 2007
Revised: 01 March 2007
Received: 01 December 2005
Published in TALG Volume 4, Issue 3

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. Speed scaling
  2. frequency scaling
  3. power management
  4. scheduling
  5. voltage scaling

Qualifiers

  • Research-article
  • Research
  • Refereed

Funding Sources

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)23
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
Reflects downloads up to 07 Mar 2025

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Adaptive Genetic Algorithm with Optimized Operators for Scheduling in Computer SystemsIntelligent Information Processing XII10.1007/978-3-031-57808-3_23(317-328)Online publication date: 6-Apr-2024
  • (2022)Speed scaling scheduling of multiprocessor jobs with energy constraint and makespan criterionJournal of Global Optimization10.1007/s10898-021-01115-x83:3(539-564)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2022
  • (2021)Cost Optimal Data Center Servers: A Voltage Scaling ApproachIEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing10.1109/TCC.2018.28448239:1(118-130)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2021
  • (2021)Minimizing Total Completion Time in Multiprocessor Job Systems with Energy ConstraintMathematical Optimization Theory and Operations Research10.1007/978-3-030-77876-7_18(267-279)Online publication date: 14-Jun-2021
  • (2019)Energy-Aware Online Non-Clairvoyant Scheduling Using Speed Scaling with Arbitrary Power FunctionApplied Sciences10.3390/app90714679:7(1467)Online publication date: 8-Apr-2019
  • (2019)Speed scaling on parallel processors with migrationJournal of Combinatorial Optimization10.1007/s10878-018-0352-037:4(1266-1282)Online publication date: 1-May-2019
  • (2019)Green Computing AlgorithmicsComputing and Software Science10.1007/978-3-319-91908-9_10(161-183)Online publication date: 2019
  • (2018)Dual Techniques for Scheduling on a Machine with Varying SpeedSIAM Journal on Discrete Mathematics10.1137/16M105589X32:3(1541-1571)Online publication date: Jan-2018
  • (2018)The Power to Schedule a Parallel Program2018 IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS)10.1109/IPDPS.2018.00028(182-193)Online publication date: May-2018
  • (2018)Resource cost aware schedulingEuropean Journal of Operational Research10.1016/j.ejor.2018.02.059269:2(621-632)Online publication date: Sep-2018
  • Show More Cited By

View Options

Login options

Full Access

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Figures

Tables

Media

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media