skip to main content
10.1145/1460676.1460681acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesmmConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

The semantics of MPEG-21 digital items revisited

Published:31 October 2008Publication History

ABSTRACT

The MPEG-21 standard forms a comprehensive multimedia framework covering the entire multimedia distribution chain. In particular, it provides a flexible approach to represent, process, and transact complex multimedia objects which are referred to as Digital Items (DIs). DIs can be quite generic, independent of the application domain, and can encompass a diversity of media resources and metadata. This flexibility has an impact on the level of interoperability between systems and applications, since not all the functionality needs to be implemented. Furthermore, additional semantic rules may be implemented through the processing of the Digital Item which is possibly driven by proprietary metadata. This jeopardizes interoperability and consequently raises barriers to the successful achievement of augmented and transparent use of multimedia resources. In this context, we have investigated and evaluated the interoperability at the semantic level of Digital Items throughout the automated production, delivery and consumption of complex multimedia resources in heterogeneous environments. This paper describes the studies conducted, the experiments performed, and the conclusions reached towards that goal.

References

  1. F. Pereira, J. R. Smith, A. Vetro, (eds.), "Special Section on MPEG-21", IEEE Trans. on Multimedia, vol. 7, no. 3, Jun. 2005. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  2. ISO/IEC 14977:1996, "Information technology - Syntactic metalanguage - Extended BNF".Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  3. ISO/IEC 21000--2:2005, "Information technology - Multimedia framework (MPEG-21) - Part 2: Digital Item Declaration".Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  4. B. S. Manjunath, P. Salembier, T. Sikora (eds.), Introduction to MPEG-7: Multimedia Content Description Interface. Wiley & Sons, Apr. 2002. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  5. J. Kunze, T. Baker, "The Dublin Core Metadata Element Set", RFC 5013, Aug. 2007. Web: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5013.txt, last accessed: Jul. 2008.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  6. UPnP", ContentDirectory:2 Service Template Version 1.01, May 2006. Web: http://www.upnp.org/specs/av/UPnP-av-ContentDirectory-v2-Service-20060531.pdf, last access: Jul. 2008.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  7. S. Lauf, I. Burnett, "A protected Digital Item Declaration Language for MPEG-21", Proceedings of AXMEDIS2006, Nov./Dec. 2005. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  8. K. Diepold, F. Pereira, Wo Chang, "MPEG-A: Multimedia Application Formats", IEEE Multimedia, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 34--41, Oct.-Dec. 2005. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  9. S. Yang, S. Lee, Y. M. Ro, S.-K. Kim, "Semantic Photo Album Based on MPEG-4 Compatible Application Format", Proceedings of the International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE 2007), Las Vegas, USA, Jan. 2007.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  10. Microsoft Interactive Media Manager (IMM), Web: http://www.codeplex.com/IMM, last accessed: Jul. 2008.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  11. D. L. McGuinness, F. van Harmelen (eds.), "OWL Web Ontology Language Overview", W3C Recommendation, Feb. 2004. Web: http://www.w3.org/TR/owl-features/, last accessed: Jul. 2008.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  12. I. S. Burnett, S. J. Davis, G.M. Drury, "MPEG-21 Digital Item Declaration and Identification - Principles and Compression", IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 400--407, Jun. 2005. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  13. D. C. Verma, "Service Level Agreements on IP Networks", Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 92, no. 9, pp. 1382--1388, Sep. 2004.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  14. J.-C. Dufourd, O. Avaro, C. Concolato, "An MPEG Standard for Rich Media Services", IEEE Multimedia, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 60--68, Oct.-Dec. 2005. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  15. D. Raggett, A. Le Hors, I. Jacobs (eds.), "HTML 4.01 Specification", W3C Recommendation, Dec. 1999. Web: http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/, last accessed: Jul. 2008.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  16. D. Bulterman, et.al. (eds.), "Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL 2.1)", W3C Recommendation, Dec. 2005. Web: http://www.w3.org/TR/SMIL2/, last accessed: Jul. 2008.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  17. AXMEDIS project. Web: http://www.axmedis.org/, last accessed: Jul. 2008.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  18. ENTHRONE project. Web: http://www.ist-enthrone.org/, last accessed: Jul. 2008.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  19. ISO/IEC 21000--8:2008, "Information technology - Multimedia framework (MPEG-21) - Part 8: Reference software". Web: http://standards.iso.org/ittf/PubliclyAvailableStandards/ISO_IEC_21000-8_2008_Reference_Software/, last accessed: Jul. 2008.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  20. F. De Keukelaere, F, S. De Zutter, R. Van de Walle, "MPEG-21 Digital Item Processing", IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 427--434, Jun. 2005. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  21. ISO/IEC 14496--20:2005, "Information Technology - LASeR or Lightweight Application Scene Representation".Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  22. Systems Subgroup, "Requirements for Presentation of Structured Information", ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11/N9904, Archamps, France, Apr. 2008. Web: http://www.chiariglione.org/MPEG/working_documents/explorations/psi/PSI-CfP.zip, last accessed: Jul. 2008.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar

Index Terms

  1. The semantics of MPEG-21 digital items revisited

              Recommendations

              Comments

              Login options

              Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

              Sign in
              • Published in

                cover image ACM Conferences
                MS '08: Proceedings of the 2nd ACM workshop on Multimedia semantics
                October 2008
                70 pages
                ISBN:9781605583167
                DOI:10.1145/1460676

                Copyright © 2008 ACM

                Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

                Publisher

                Association for Computing Machinery

                New York, NY, United States

                Publication History

                • Published: 31 October 2008

                Permissions

                Request permissions about this article.

                Request Permissions

                Check for updates

                Qualifiers

                • research-article

                Upcoming Conference

                MM '24
                MM '24: The 32nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia
                October 28 - November 1, 2024
                Melbourne , VIC , Australia

              PDF Format

              View or Download as a PDF file.

              PDF

              eReader

              View online with eReader.

              eReader