skip to main content
10.1145/1534530.1534535acmotherconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagessystorConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Storage modeling for power estimation

Published: 04 May 2009 Publication History

Abstract

Power consumption is a major issue in today's datacenters. Storage typically comprises a significant percentage of datacenter power. Thus, understanding, managing, and reducing storage power consumption is an essential aspect of any efforts that address the total power consumption of datacenters. We developed a scalable power modeling method that estimates the power consumption of storage workloads. The modeling concept is based on identifying the major workload contributors to the power consumed by the disk arrays.
To estimate the power consumed by a given host workload, our method translates the workload to the primitive activities induced on the disks. In addition, we identified that I/O queues have a fundamental influence on the power consumption. Our power estimation results are highly accurate, with only 2% deviation for typical random workloads with small transfer sizes (up to 8K), and a deviation of up to 8% for workloads with large transfer sizes. We successfully integrated our modeling into a power-aware capacity planning tool to predict system power requirements and integrated it into an online storage system to provide online estimation for the power consumed.

References

[1]
Copan, Systems. http://www.copansys.com/.
[2]
Iometer, performance analysis tool. http://www.iometer.org/.
[3]
EPA Report to Congress on Server and Data Center Energy Efficiency, Public Law 109--431, 2007.
[4]
T. Bisson, S. A. Brandt, and D. D. E. Long. A hybrid disk-aware spin-down algorithm with i/o subsystem support. In IPCCC, 2007.
[5]
E. V. Carrera, E. Pinheiro, and R. Bianchini. Conserving disk energy in network servers. In ICS. ACM, 2003.
[6]
D. Colarelli and D. Grunwald. Massive arrays of idle disks for storage archives. SC Conference, 0:47, 2002.
[7]
G. Ganger, B. Worthington, and Y. Patt. The DiskSim Simulation Environment Version 2.0 Reference Manual, December 1999.
[8]
A. Hylick, R. Sohan, A. Rice, and B. Jones. An analysis of hard drive energy consumption. In MASCOTS, pages 103--112. IEEE Computer Society, 2008.
[9]
D. Narayanan, A. Donnelly, and A. I. T. Rowstron. Write off-loading: Practical power management for enterprise storage. In FAST. USENIX, 2008.
[10]
D. Peek and J. Flinn. Drive-thru: Fast, accurate evaluation of storage power management. USENIX, 2005.
[11]
E. Pinheiro and R. Bianchini. Energy conservation techniques for disk array-based servers. In ICS, 2004.
[12]
E. Pinheiro, R. Bianchini, and C. Dubnicki. Exploiting redundancy to conserve energy in storage systems. In SIGMETRICS/Performance. ACM, 2006.
[13]
G. Schulz. Storage power and cooling issues heat up. 2007.
[14]
J. Stoess, C. Lang, and F. Bellosa. Energy management for hypervisor-based virtual machines. USENIX, 2007.
[15]
C. Weddle, M. Oldham, J. Qian, A.-I. A. Wang, P. L. Reiher, and G. H. Kuenning. Paraid: A gear-shifting power-aware raid. TOS, 3(3), 2007.
[16]
J. Zedlewski, S. Sobti, N. Garg, F. Zheng, A. Krishnamurthy, and R. Y. Wang. Modeling hard-disk power consumption. In FAST. USENIX, 2003.
[17]
Y. Zhang, S. Gurumurthi, and M. R. Stan. Soda: Sensitivity based optimization of disk architecture. In DAC. IEEE, 2007.
[18]
Q. Zhu, Z. Chen, L. Tan, Y. Zhou, K. Keeton, and J. Wilkes. Hibernator: helping disk arrays sleep through the winter. In SOSP. ACM, 2005.
[19]
Q. Zhu, F. M. David, C. F. Devaraj, Z. Li, Y. Zhou, and P. Cao. Reducing energy consumption of disk storage using power-aware cache management. In HPCA, 2004.
[20]
Q. Zhu and Y. Zhou. Power-aware storage cache management. IEEE Trans. Computers, 54(5), 2005.

Cited By

View all
  • (2023)Toward a Life Cycle Assessment for the Carbon Footprint of DataProceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Sustainable Computer Systems10.1145/3604930.3605724(1-9)Online publication date: 9-Jul-2023
  • (2022)Analysis of Optimal File Placement for Energy-Efficient File-Sharing Cloud Storage SystemIEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing10.1109/TSUSC.2020.30372607:1(75-86)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2022
  • (2021)Current Drift in Energy Efficiency Cloud ComputingResearch Anthology on Architectures, Frameworks, and Integration Strategies for Distributed and Cloud Computing10.4018/978-1-7998-5339-8.ch057(1198-1214)Online publication date: 2021
  • Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Other conferences
SYSTOR '09: Proceedings of SYSTOR 2009: The Israeli Experimental Systems Conference
May 2009
191 pages
ISBN:9781605586236
DOI:10.1145/1534530
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

  • Hebrew University of Jerusalem
  • Melanox Technologies
  • IBM: IBM

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 04 May 2009

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. modeling
  2. power
  3. storage

Qualifiers

  • Research-article

Conference

SYSTOR '09
Sponsor:
  • IBM

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 108 of 323 submissions, 33%

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)8
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
Reflects downloads up to 05 Mar 2025

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2023)Toward a Life Cycle Assessment for the Carbon Footprint of DataProceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Sustainable Computer Systems10.1145/3604930.3605724(1-9)Online publication date: 9-Jul-2023
  • (2022)Analysis of Optimal File Placement for Energy-Efficient File-Sharing Cloud Storage SystemIEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing10.1109/TSUSC.2020.30372607:1(75-86)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2022
  • (2021)Current Drift in Energy Efficiency Cloud ComputingResearch Anthology on Architectures, Frameworks, and Integration Strategies for Distributed and Cloud Computing10.4018/978-1-7998-5339-8.ch057(1198-1214)Online publication date: 2021
  • (2020)A Taxonomy and Survey of Power Models and Power Modeling for Cloud ServersACM Computing Surveys10.1145/340620853:5(1-41)Online publication date: 28-Sep-2020
  • (2019)Forecasting Power Consumption of IT Devices in a Data Center2019 20th International Conference on Intelligent System Application to Power Systems (ISAP)10.1109/ISAP48318.2019.9065937(1-8)Online publication date: Dec-2019
  • (2018)Current Drift in Energy Efficiency Cloud ComputingCritical Research on Scalability and Security Issues in Virtual Cloud Environments10.4018/978-1-5225-3029-9.ch014(283-303)Online publication date: 2018
  • (2018)Experimental and quantitative analysis of server power model for cloud data centersFuture Generation Computer Systems10.1016/j.future.2016.11.03486(940-950)Online publication date: Sep-2018
  • (2018)Energy saving in carrier-grade networksComputer Standards & Interfaces10.1016/j.csi.2017.04.00155:C(8-26)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2018
  • (2017)Multi-resource scheduling and power simulation for cloud computingInformation Sciences: an International Journal10.1016/j.ins.2017.02.054397:C(168-186)Online publication date: 1-Aug-2017
  • (2017)Model-based energy-aware data movement optimization in the storage I/O stackThe Journal of Supercomputing10.1007/s11227-017-2095-673:12(5465-5495)Online publication date: 1-Dec-2017
  • Show More Cited By

View Options

Login options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Figures

Tables

Media

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media