Simulations cognitives de trajets oculomoteurs lors d'une recherche d'information sur des pages numériques
Pages 163 - 172
Abstract
One of the most important tasks on the Web is foraging information. In this study, we present a computational model that simulates human movements of a web user during an information seeking task. Eye movements are guided by the need for information, by the visual characteristics of the stimuli and by what has already been processed and stored. Our model takes into account both semantic (top-down) and visual (bottom-up) information and includes a memory model to predict direction of attention. This model operates at the text block level, and at the word level. To validate this model, we asked participants to search information in a pseudo online newspaper, and we compared their scanpaths with those of the model. We observed a good correspondence between simulation and empirical observation.
References
[1]
Anderson, J. R., Bothell, D., Byrne, M. D., Douglass, S., Lebiere, C., and Qin, Y. An integrated theory of the mind. Psychological Review, 111, (4):1036--1060, 2004.
[2]
Baccino, T., Bellino, C., and Colombi, T. Mesure de l'utilisabilité des Interfaces. Hermès Science Publisher (Lavoisier), Paris, 2005.
[3]
Bouju, F., and Sperandio, J. C. Analyse de l'activité visuelle des contrôleurs d'approche. Technical Report CO 7911 R 59, INRIA, Rocquencourt, 1979.
[4]
Byrne, M. Cognitive Architectures in HCI: Present Work and Future Directions. In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Human Computer Interaction, Las Vegas, NV, 2005.
[5]
Card, S. K., Moran, T. P., and Newell, A. The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, New Jersey, 1983.
[6]
Chanceaux, M., Guérin-Dugué, A., Lemaire, B., and Baccino, T. Towards a model of information seeking by integrating visual, semantic and memory maps. In Caputo, B., and Vincze, M., editors, Proceedings of the 4th International Cognitive Vision Workshop, volume LNCS 5329, pages 65--78, Berlin, 2008. Springer Verlag.
[7]
Dix, A. J., Finlay, J. E., Abowd, G. D., and Beale, R. Human-Computer Interaction. Prentice Hall Europe, London, 1998.
[8]
Geisler, W. S., and Perry, J. S. Real-time simulation of arbitrary visual fields. In Proceedings of the 2002 symposium on Eye tracking research&applications, pages 83--87, New York, NY, 2002. ACM.
[9]
Henderson, J. M., Brockmole, J. R., Castelhano, M. S., and Mack, M. L. Visual saliency does not account for eye movements during search in real-world scenes. In van Gompel, R. P. G., Fischer, M. H., Murray, W. S., and Hill, R. L., editors, Eye movements: A window on mind and brain. Elsevier, Oxford, 2007.
[10]
Itti, L., and Koch, C. A saliency-based search mechanism for overt and covert shifts of visual attention. Vision Research, 40(10--12):1489--1506, 2000.
[11]
Itti, L., and Koch, C. Computational modeling of visual attention. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2(3):194--203, 2001.
[12]
Kieras, D. E., and Polson, P. An approach to the formal analysis of user complexity. International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 22(4):365--394, 1985.
[13]
Kintsch, W. Comprehension: A paradigm for cognition. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U. K. and New York, 1998.
[14]
Kitajima, M., Blackmon, M. H., and Polson, P. G. A comprehension-based model of web navigation and its application to web usability analysis. In McDonald, S., Y., W., and G., C., editors, People and Computers XIV - Usability or Else! (Proceedings of HCI 2000), pages 357--373. Springer, 2000.
[15]
Landauer, T. On the computational basis of learning and cognition: Arguments from LSA. The psychology of learning and motivation, 41:43--84, 2002.
[16]
Landauer, T., McNamara, D., Dennis, S., and Kintsch, W. Handbook of Latent Semantic Analysis. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2007.
[17]
Lemaire, B., Denhière, G., Bellissens, C., and Jhean-Larose, S. A computational model for simulating text comprehension. Behavior Research Methods, 38(4):628--637, 2006.
[18]
MacGregor, J. N., Ormerod, T. C., and Chronicle, E. P. A model of human performance on the travelling salesperson problem. Memory&Cognition, 28:1183--1190, 2000.
[19]
Navarro, G. A guided tour to approximate string matching. Computing Surveys, 33(1):31--88, 2001.
[20]
Pirolli, P., and Fu, W. SNIF-ACT: A model of information foraging on the world wide web. In 9th International Conference on User Modeling, volume 2702 of Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, pages 45--54, 2003.
[21]
Ritter, F. E., and Young, R. M. Embodied models as simulated users: introduction to this special issue on using cognitive models to improve interface design. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 55:1--14, 2001.
[22]
Salvucci, D. D. Predicting the effects of in-car interface use on driver performance: An integrated model approach. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 55(1):85--107, 2001.
[23]
Salvucci, D. D. Rapid prototyping and evaluation of in-vehicle interfaces. In Transactions on Human-Computer Interaction. ACM, 2009.
[24]
Thorpe, S., Fize, D., and Marlot, C. Speed of processing in the human visual system. Nature, 381:520--522, 1996.
[25]
Treisman, A., and Gelade, G. A feature-integration theory of attention. Cognitive Psychology, 12(1):97--136, 1980.
[26]
West, R. L., and Emond, B. Can cognitive modeling improve usability testing and rapid prototyping? In Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling, pages 271--273, Mahwah, NJ, 2001. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Index Terms
- Simulations cognitives de trajets oculomoteurs lors d'une recherche d'information sur des pages numériques
Recommendations
Démarche de Conception Centrée Utilisateur de Systèmes d’Aide numériques à la Mobilité pour Personnes avec Déficience Intellectuelle
IHM '23 Adjunct: Adjunct Proceedings of the 34th Conference on l'Interaction Humain-MachineLes démarches de conception centrées sur l’utilisateur sont couramment utilisées lors du développement de systèmes interactifs. Cependant il n’est pas toujours facile d’adapter les démarches existantes quand les utilisateurs cibles ont une déficience ...
Comments
Information & Contributors
Information
Published In
![cover image ACM Other conferences](/cms/asset/8e1a259b-a19c-4240-be81-47f4a6b36f0e/1629826.cover.jpg)
October 2009
354 pages
ISBN:9781605584614
DOI:10.1145/1629826
- Conference Chairs:
- Joelle Coutaz,
- Philipe Palanque,
- Program Chair:
- Jean Vanderdonckt
Copyright © 2009 ACM.
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]
Publisher
Association for Computing Machinery
New York, NY, United States
Publication History
Published: 13 October 2009
Check for updates
Author Tags
Qualifiers
- Research-article
Conference
IHM '09
IHM '09: Proceedings of the 21th international conference on Association Francophone d'Interaction Homme-Machine
October 13 - 16, 2009
Grenoble, France
Acceptance Rates
Overall Acceptance Rate 103 of 199 submissions, 52%
Contributors
Other Metrics
Bibliometrics & Citations
Bibliometrics
Article Metrics
- 0Total Citations
- 96Total Downloads
- Downloads (Last 12 months)2
- Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
Reflects downloads up to 13 Feb 2025
Other Metrics
Citations
View Options
Login options
Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.
Sign in