ABSTRACT
The continuous development of the information and communication technologies makes possible the use of new strategies to support learning processes. In addition, there is an increasingly large number of worldwide available content, which could be used as learning materials. However, in spite of offering an inexhaustible source for search processes, this large number of content makes difficult to find a specific material, appropriated to a particular need. So, the work presented in this paper aims at providing a formal and more comprehensive description of the content embedded in Multimedia Learning Objects (MLOs) through complementary groups of metadata with focus in educational and multimedia properties. Thus, parts of the LOM and MPEG-7 metadata standards, both of them represented in OWL, were used in an architecture of multimedia LO description. This paper argues that through these standards it is possible to describe MLOs in a more appropriate way, increasing the retrieval effectiveness of users' searches and improving the reuse potential of these materials. Moreover, through OWL it is possible to build conceptual links between different multimedia resources as well as perform inference tasks and automatically discovering relationships between them. A prototype and a case study present the functionality of the proposed architecture.
- Bolettieri, P., Falchi, F., Gennaro, C., and Rabitti, F. 2007. Automatic metadata extraction and indexing for reusing e-learning multimedia objects. In Workshop on Multimedia information Retrieval on the Many Faces of Multimedia Semantics (Augsburg, Bavaria, Germany, September 28--28, 2007). MS '07. ACM, New York, NY, 21--28. DOI=http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1290067.1290072 Google ScholarDigital Library
- Christiansen, J.; Anderson, T. Feasibility of Course Development Based on Learning Objects: Research Analysis of Three Case Studies. In International Journal of Instructional Technology and Distance Education, v. 1, n. 3, p. 21--38, 2004.Google Scholar
- Forgy, C. L. 1990. Rete: a fast algorithm for the many pattern/many object pattern match problem. In Expert Systems: A Software Methodology For Modern Applications, P. G. Raeth, Ed. IEEE Computer Society Reprint Collection. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, CA, 324--341. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Garcia, R.; Celma, O. Semantic Integration and Retrieval of Multimedia Metadata. In: Semantic Integration and Retrieval of Multimedia Metadata, Knowledge Mark-up and Semantic Annotation Workshop, Semannot'05, CEUR Workshop Proceedings, Vol. 185, pp. 69--80, 2005.Google Scholar
- Gasevic, D., Jovanovic, J., and Boskovic, M. 2005. Ontologies for Reusing Learning Object Content. In Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE international Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (July 05--08, 2005). ICALT. IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, 944--945. DOI=http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICALT.2005.215 Google ScholarDigital Library
- Gruber, T. R. Toward principles for the design of ontologies used for knowledge sharing. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, v. 43, p. 907--928, 1995. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Horrocks, I.; Patel-Schneider, F. P.; Boley, H.; Tabet, S.; Grosof, B.; Dean, M. SWRL: A Semantic Web Rule Language Combining OWL and RuleML. Internet Report, W3C Member Submission, 2004.Google Scholar
- IEEE LTSC. IEEE P1484.12.3, Draft 8: Draft Standard for Learning Technology--- Extensible Markup Language (XML) Schema Definition Language Binding for Learning Object Metadata Draft P1484.12.3/D8, 2005. Available at http://ltsc.ieee.org/wg12/files/IEEE_1484_12_03_d8_submitted.pdfGoogle Scholar
- Martínez, J. M. Mpeg Overview (Version 10), Palma de Mallorca 2004. ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11N6828. Available at http://www.chiariglione.org/mpeg/standards/mpeg-7/mpeg-7.htmGoogle Scholar
- Mattos, D. O. P.; Moura, A. M. C.; Cavalcanti, M. C. R. ROSA+: Um Repositório de Objetos de Aprendizagem com Suporte a Inferência e Regras. In: Proceedings of the XXI Brazilian Symposium on Databases, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 2006.Google Scholar
- Mc Guiness, D.; Van Harmelen, F. OWL Web Ontology Language Overview, W3C Recommendation, 2004. Available at http://www.w3.org/TR/owl-features/Google Scholar
- Minsu J.; Sohn, J. Bossam: An Extended Rule Engine for OWL Inferencing. In Workshop on Rules and Rule Markup Languages for the Semantic Web at the 3rd International Semantic Web Conference (LNCS 3323), pages 128--138, Hiroshima, Japan, 2004.Google Scholar
- Oliveira, E. W.; Siqueira, S. W. M. Braz, M. H. L. B. Structuring Segments of e-Learning Multimedia Objects With LOM and MPEG-7. Accepted to publication in The 11th IASTED International Conference on Computers and Advanced Technology in Education (CATE 2008), Crete, Greece, 2008.Google Scholar
- Silva, D. S.; Siqueira, S. W. M.; Braz, M. H. L. B.; Melo, R. N. Modeling Learning Practices as Components of Learning Objects and Specifying Sequences of Content and Practice. In: IASTED International Conference Web-based Education, 2008, Insbruck. Proceedings of the Seventh IASTED International Conference Web-based Education. Anaheim/Calgary/Zurich, Acta Press, 2008. p. 22--27. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Siqueira, S. W. M.; Braz, M. H. L. B.; Melo, R. N. Modeling e-Learning Content. In International Journal of Web Information Systems, v. 3, p. 140--152, 2007.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Siqueira, S. W. M.; Braz, M. H. L. B.; Melo, R. N. Navigational Exploration of Learning Content. In: First Brazilian Workshop on Semantic Web and Education (WSWED 2007 / SBIE), 2007, Sao Paulo. Anais do I Workshop Brasileiro em Web Semântica e Educaçao, 2007. v. 1. p. 01--12.Google Scholar
- Verstichel, S., Strobbe, M., Simoens, P., Turck, F. D., Dhoedt, B., and Demeester, P. 2008. Distributed Reasoning for Context-Aware Services through Design of an OWL Meta-Model. In Proceedings of the Fourth international Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems (Icas'08) - Volume 00 (March 16--21, 2008). ICAS. IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, 70--75. DOI=http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICAS.2008.17 Google ScholarDigital Library
- Zarraonandía, T.; Dodero, J. M.; Diaz, P. Sarasa, A. Domain ontologies integration into the learning objects annotation process. In proceedings of the Workshop on Applications of Semantic Web Technologies for e-Learning, 2004.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Using OWL to represent metadata of multimedia learning objects
Recommendations
Interoperability Support between MPEG-7/21 and OWL in DS-MIRF
In this paper, we focus on interoperable semantic multimedia services that are offered in open environments such as the Internet. The use of well-accepted standards is of paramount importance for interoperability support in open environments. In ...
MOD: metadata for ontology description and publication
DCMI'15: Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Dublin Core and Metadata ApplicationsOntology is an important artifact of Semantic Web applications. Today, there are an enormous number of ontologies available on the Web. Even so, finding and identifying the right ontology is not easy. This is because the majority of ontologies are ...
Ontological representation of learning objects: building interoperable vocabulary and structures
WWW Alt. '04: Proceedings of the 13th international World Wide Web conference on Alternate track papers & postersThe ontological representation of learning objects is a way to deal with the interoperability and reusability of learning objects (including metadata) through providing a semantic infrastructure that will explicitly declare the semantics and forms of ...
Comments