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A study of routability estimation and clustering in placement

Published: 02 November 2009 Publication History

Abstract

This paper studies the effects of clustering as a pre-processing step and routability estimation in the placement flow. The study shows that when clustering and routability estimation are considered, the placer effectively improves the routed wirelength for the circuits of IBM-PLACE 2.0 standard-cell Benchmark Suite [1] and results in the best average routed wirelength when compared against state-of-the-art academic placers.

References

[1]
"IBM-PLACE 2.0 Standard-Cell Placement Benchmarks." {Online}. Available: http://er.cs.ucla.edu/benchmarks/ibm-place2/
[2]
C. Li, M. Xie, C.-K. Koh, J. Cong, and P. H. Madden, "Routability-driven placement and white space allocation," in Proc. IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design, San Jose, California, Nov. 2004, pp. 394--401.
[3]
T. Chan, J. Cong, M. Romesis, J. R. Shinnerl, K. Sze, and M. Xie, "mPL6: A robust multilevel mixed-size placement engine," in Proc. ACM/SIGDA International Symposium on Physical Design, San Fransisco, California, Apr. 2005, pp. 227--229.
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C. Li and C.-K. Koh, "Recursive function smoothing of half-perimeter wirelength for analytical placement," in Proc. International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design, San Jose, California, Mar. 2007, pp. 829--834.
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P. Spindler and F. Johannes, "Fast and accurate routing demand estimation for efficient routability-driven placement," in Proc. Design Automation and Test in Europe Conference, Nice, France, Apr. 2007, pp. 1--6.
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A. B. Kahng and Q. Wang, "Implementation and extensibility of an analytic placer," IEEE Trans. Computer-Aided Design, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 734--747, May 2005.
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K. Tsota, C.-K. Koh, and V. Balakrishnan, "Guiding global placement with wire density," in Proc. IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design, San Jose, California, Nov. 2008, pp. 212--217.
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B. Hu and M. Marek-Sadowska, "Fine granularity clustering for large-scale placement problems," in Proc. ACM/SIGDA International Symposium on Physical Design, San Fransisco, California, Apr. 2003, pp. 67--74.
[10]
A. E. Caldwell, A. B. Kahng, and I. L. Markov, "Can recursive bisection alone produce routable placements?" in Proc. IEEE/ACM Design Automation Conference, San Fransisco, California, 2000, pp. 477--482.
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J. Roy, D. Papa, S. N. Adya, H. Chan, A. Ng, F. Lu, and I. L. Markov, "CAPO: Robust and scalable open-source min-cut floorplacer," in Proc. ACM/SIGDA International Symposium on Physical Design, San Fransisco, California, Apr. 2005, pp. 224--226.
[12]
U. Brenner and A. Rohe, "An effective congestion-driven placement framework," in Proc. ACM/SIGDA International Symposium on Physical Design, San Diego, California, Jan. 2002, pp. 6--11.
[13]
W. Hou, H. Yu, X. Hong, Y. Cai, W. Wu, J. Gu, and W. Kao, "A new congestion-driven placement algorithm based on cell inflation," in Proc. Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference, Yokohama, Japan, Jan. 2001, pp. 605--608.
[14]
X. Yang, R. Kashner, and M. Sarrafzadeh, "Congestion estimation during top-down placement," IEEE Trans. Computer-Aided Design, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 72--80, Jan. 2002.
[15]
C.-L. E. Cheng, "RISA: Accurate and efficient placement routability modeling," in Proc. IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design, San Jose, California, Nov. 1994, pp. 690--695.
[16]
B. Hu and M. Marek-Sadowska, "Congestion minimization during placement without estimation," in Proc. IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design, San Jose, California, Nov. 2002, pp. 739--745.
[17]
A. B. Kahng, S. Reda, and Q. Wang, "Architecture and details of a high-quality, large-scale analytical placer," in Proc. IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design, San Jose, California, Nov. 2005, pp. 891--898.
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C. Zhu, R. Byrd, and J. Nocedal, "L-BFGS-B, FORTRAN routines for large-scale bound constrained optimization," ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 550--560, Dec. 1997.
[19]
W. Naylor, R. Donelly, and L. Sha, "Non-linear optimization system and method for wire length and delay optimization for an automatic electric circuit placer," U.S. Patent 6 301 693, Oct. 09, 2001.
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S. Birbil, S. Fang, H. Frenk, and S. Zhang, "Recursive approximation of the high-dimensional max function," Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management SEEM, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, HK, Tech. Rep. SEEM 2002--12, Dec. 2002.
[21]
C. M. Fiduccia and R. M. Mattheyses, "A linear time heuristic for improving network partitions," in Proc. IEEE/ACM Design Automation Conference, 1982, pp. 175--181.
[22]
J. Li, L. Behjat, and J. Huang, "An effective clustering algorithm for mixed-size placement," in Proc. ACM/SIGDA International Symposium on Physical Design, Austin, Texas, 2007, pp. 111--118.

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cover image ACM Conferences
ICCAD '09: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computer-Aided Design
November 2009
803 pages
ISBN:9781605588001
DOI:10.1145/1687399
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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Published: 02 November 2009

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