Alden W. Dudley
ABSTRACT
New technical information was presented to a medical school class divided into five groups. Group I served as controls and took the pretest before having any input. Groups II - V listened to slide-tapes presented at varying rates of speed from 114 (natural) to 250 words per minute (WPM). Comprehension was retained up to 207 WPM (83% compression) but tapered significantly at 119% compression using our technique. Subsequent rapid speaking computer compression trials enabled 200% compression (60 minutes reduced to 20 minutes) with clarity at 300 WPM. Speech compression can be employed when transmitting new technical information but is even better suited for review purposes. Students showed a 2:1 preference for compressed tapes when reviewing for exams at least in part because of a 45--67% savings in time. The applicability for continuing education programs is apparent and has been successful on a modest scale.
- Boyle, G. J.: Compressed Speech in Medical Education. Proc. Second Louisville Conf. Rate Flash Freq.-Control Speech, University of Louisville, 328--331, 1971.Google Scholar
- Scott, R. J.: Computers for Speech Time Compression. Proc. Louisville Conf. Time Compressed Speech, Foulke, E. (Ed.), 29--35, 1967.Google Scholar
- Garvey, W. D.: The Intelligibility of Abbreviated Speech Patterns. Quart. J. Speech, 39:296--306, 1953.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Fairbanks, G., Everitt, W. L., and Jaeger, R. P.: Method for Time or Frequency Compression-Expansion of Speech. Inst. Radio Engin. Trans. Audio, 2:7--12, 1954.Google Scholar
- Luck, J. E., Manley, H. J., and Shaffer, H. L.: Speech Compression by Component Selection Frequency Domain. J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 50: 107, 1971.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Lee, F. F.: Time Compression and Expansion of Speech by the Sampling Method. J. Audio Engin. Soc., 20:738--742, 1972.Google Scholar
- Harris, M. L.: Some Methodological Suggestions for Construction of an Objective Measurement Instrument. Wise. Res. Devel. Ctr. Cognitive Learning, M-1968-2.Google Scholar
- Frijda, N. H.: Simulation of Human Long-Term Memory. Psychol. Bull., 77:1--31, 1972.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Sticht, T. G.: Failure to Increase Learning Using the Time Saved by the Compression of Speech. J. Educ. Psych., 62:55--59, 1971.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Carver, R. P.: Effect of Increasing the Rate of Speech Presentation upon Comprehension. J. Educ. Psychol., 65:118--126, 1973.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Aaronson, D., and Markowitz, N.: Immediate Recall of Normal and "Compressed" Auditory Sequences. Eastern Psychol. Assoc., Boston, 1967.Google Scholar
- Beasley, D. S., Schwímmer, S., and Rintelmann, W. F.: Intelligibility of Time-Compressed CNC Monosyllables. J. Speech Hear. Res., 15:340--350, 1972.Google Scholar
- Nelson, H. E.: The Effect of Variation of Rate on the Recall by Radio Listeners of "Straight" Newscasts. Speech Monographs, 15:173--180, 1948.Google ScholarCross Ref
Index Terms
- The potential for compressed speech in medical education
Recommendations
Entropy coding of compressed feature parameters for distributed speech recognition
In this paper, we propose several entropy coding methods to further compress quantized mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) used for distributed speech recognition (DSR). As a standard DSR front-end, the European Telecommunications Standards ...
Intelligibility of time-compressed synthetic speech
Analysis of listeners' intelligibility of natural and synthetic time-compressed speech.Different compression methods are applied to normal and fast speech.We evaluated a linear method and two non linear methods that act on the duration model.The linear ...
Voicing Class Dependent Huffman Coding of Compressed Front-End Feature Vector for Distributed Speech Recognition
FGCNS '08: Proceedings of the 2008 Second International Conference on Future Generation Communication and Networking Symposia - Volume 03In this paper, we propose an entropy coding method to further compress quantized mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) extracted for distributed speech recognition (DSR). In the ETSI extended DSR standard, MFCCs are compressed with additional ...
Comments