skip to main content
10.1145/1814256.1814262acmotherconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagespcgamesConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

The use of functional L-systems for scenario generation in serious games

Published:18 June 2010Publication History

ABSTRACT

So called "serious games" have used games (in a sense, virtual environments) for reasons other than entertainment. Particularly within the training community, they have garnered increasing attention over recent years. However, means of generating new scenarios that have increased training effectiveness has continued to be lacking. Because creating new scenarios is a time-intensive and costly exercise. existing scenarios are commonly reused with only minor changes, a practice that can hamper training effectiveness over time.

We have been pursuing a thrust of research in automated scenario generation. In this paper, we present our work in the use of Functional L-systems for generating scenarios. We first review some of our previous work in defining scenarios; then show how Functional L-systems are used to build up the scenarios.

References

  1. Forward Observer PC Simulator (FOPCSIM). Retrieved on April 23, 2010 from http://www.delta3d.org/article.php?story=20041115153320456Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  2. Cannon-Bowers, J. A. and Salas, E. 1998. Team performance and training in complex environments: recent findings from applied research. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 7(3): 83--87.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  3. Ross, K. G., Phillips, J. K., Klein, G., and Cohn, J. (2005. Creating Expertise: A Framework to Guide Simulation-Based Training. In Proceedings of I/ITSEC, Orlando, FL: NTSA.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  4. Salas, E., Rhodenizer, L., & Bowers, C. A. 2000. The design and delivery of crew resource management training: Exploiting available resources. Human Factors, 42(3): 490--511.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  5. Bowers, C., Jentsch, F., Baker, D., Prince, C., and Salas, E. 1997. Rapidly reconfigurable event-set based line operational evaluation scenarios. In Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 4, 912--915.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  6. Jentsch, F., Abbott, D., and Bowers, C. 1999. Do three easy tasks make one difficult one: studying the perceived difficulty of simulation scenarios. Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Aviation Psychology (Columbus, Ohio).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  7. Jentsch, F., Irvin, J., and Bowers, C. 1997. Differences in situation assessment between experts and prospective first officers. In Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Aviation Psychology (Columbus, Ohio). 1228--1232.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  8. Hall, R. J. 1998. Explanation-based scenario generation for reactive system models. In Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Automated Software Engineering (Honolulu, HI). Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  9. Pfefferman, M. W. 1993. A Prototype Architecture for an Automated Scenario Generation System for Combat Simulations. Thesis, Air Force Institute of Technology (Air University).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  10. Erraguntla, M., Benjamin, P. C., and Mayer, R. J. 1994. An architecture of a knowledge-based simulation engine. In the Proceedings of the 1994 Winter Simulation Conference (San Diego, CA). Society for Computer Simulation International, 673--680. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  11. KBSI. 2008. FEAST: Framework for Enabling Adaptive Scenario Generation for Training. Retrieved from http://www.kbsi.com/.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  12. Benjamin, P. 2008. Knowledge based simulation: Methods and enabling technology. Tutorial presented at I/ITSEC 2008 (Orlando, FL).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  13. Martin, G. A., Schatz, S., Hughes, C. E. and Nicholson, D. 2010. What is a Scenario? Operationalizing training scenarios for automatic generation. In Proceedings of Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (Miami, FL).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  14. Tomizawa, H. and Gonzalez, A. 2007. Automated scenario generation system in a simulation. In Proceedings of Interservice/Industry Training, Simulation and Education Conference (Orlando, FL).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  15. Stiny, G. 1975. Pictorial and Formal Aspects of Shape and Shape Grammars. Birkhauser Verlag.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  16. Prusinkiewicz, P. and Lindenmayer, A. 1990. The algorithmic beauty of plants. Springer-Verlag. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  17. Marvie, J., Perret, J. and Bouatouch, K. 2005. The FL-system: A Functional L-system for procedural geometric modeling. The Visual Computer. 21, 5, 329--339.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  18. Müller, P., Wonka, P., Haegler, S., Ulmer, A. and Van Gool, L. 2006. Procedural modeling of buildings. ACM Transaction on Graphics (SIGGRAPH Proceedings). 25, 3, 614--623. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library

Index Terms

  1. The use of functional L-systems for scenario generation in serious games

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Login options

    Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

    Sign in
    • Published in

      cover image ACM Other conferences
      PCGames '10: Proceedings of the 2010 Workshop on Procedural Content Generation in Games
      June 2010
      67 pages
      ISBN:9781450300230
      DOI:10.1145/1814256

      Copyright © 2010 ACM

      Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

      Publisher

      Association for Computing Machinery

      New York, NY, United States

      Publication History

      • Published: 18 June 2010

      Permissions

      Request permissions about this article.

      Request Permissions

      Check for updates

      Qualifiers

      • research-article

      Acceptance Rates

      Overall Acceptance Rate13of15submissions,87%

    PDF Format

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader