skip to main content
10.1145/1879141.1879174acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesimcConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

An experimental study of home gateway characteristics

Published: 01 November 2010 Publication History

Abstract

Many residential and small business users connect to the Internet via home gateways, such as DSL and cable modems. The characteristics of these devices heavily influence the quality and performance of the Internet service that these users receive. Anecdotal evidence suggests that an extremely diverse set of behaviors exists in the deployed base, forcing application developers to design for the lowest common denominator. This paper experimentally analyzes some characteristics of a substantial number of different home gateways: binding timeouts, queuing delays, throughput, protocol support and others.

References

[1]
J. Åhlund and P. Wallström. DNSSEC Tests of Consumer Broadband Routers. Technical Report, .SE Internet Infrastructure Foundation, Feb. 2008.
[2]
R. Arends, R. Austein, M. Larson, D. Massey, and S. Rose. DNS Security Introduction and Requirements. RFC 4033 (Proposed Standard), Mar. 2005.
[3]
F. Audet and C. Jennings. Network Address Translation (NAT) Behavioral Requirements for Unicast UDP. RFC 4787 (Best Current Practice), Jan. 2007.
[4]
R. Bellis. DNS Proxy Implementation Guidelines. RFC 5625 (Best Current Practice), Aug. 2009.
[5]
R. Bellis and L. Phifer. Test Report: DNSSEC Impact on Broadband Routers and Firewalls. Technical Report, Nominet, Sept. 2008.
[6]
R. Braden. Requirements for Internet Hosts - Communication Layers. RFC 1122 (Standard), Oct. 1989.
[7]
L. D'Acunto, J. Pouwelse, and H. Sips. A Measurement of NAT & Firewall Characteristics in Peer to Peer Systems. In Proc. ASCI Conference, 2009.
[8]
S. Deering and R. Hinden. Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification. RFC 2460 (Draft Standard), Dec. 1998.
[9]
T. Dietrich. DNSSEC Support by Home Routers in Germany. In Proc. 60th Réseaux IP Européens (RIPE) Meeting, May 2010.
[10]
B. Ford, P. Srisuresh, and D. Kegel. Peer-to-Peer Communication Across Network Address Translators. In Proc. USENIX Annual Technical Conference, pages 13--13, 2005.
[11]
S. Guha, K. Biswas, B. Ford, S. Sivakumar, and P. Srisuresh. NAT Behavioral Requirements for TCP. RFC 5382 (Best Current Practice), Oct. 2008.
[12]
S. Guha and P. Francis. Characterization and Measurement of TCP Traversal through NATs and Firewalls. In Proc. ACM SIGCOMM IMC, pages 199--211, 2005.
[13]
H. Haverinen, J. Siren, and P. Eronen. Energy Consumption of Always-On Applications in WCDMA Networks. In Proc. IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, pages 964--968, Apr. 2007.
[14]
C. Jennings. NAT Classification Test Results. Internet-Draft draft-jennings-behave-test-results-04, Internet Engineering Task Force, July 2007. Work in Progress.
[15]
E. Kohler, M. Handley, and S. Floyd. Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP). RFC 4340 (Proposed Standard), Mar. 2006.
[16]
E. Kohler, M. Handley, and S. Floyd. Designing DCCP: Congestion Control Without Reliability. ACM SIGCOMM CCR, 36(4):27--38, 2006.
[17]
K. Lahey. TCP Problems with Path MTU Discovery. RFC 2923 (Informational), Sept. 2000.
[18]
R. Mahy, P. Matthews, and J. Rosenberg. Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN): Relay Extensions to Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN). RFC 5766 (Proposed Standard), Apr. 2010.
[19]
L. Mäkinen and J. Nurminen. Measurements on the Feasibility of TCP NAT Traversal in Cellular Networks. In Proc. Conference on Next Generation Internet Networks, pages 261--267, 2008.
[20]
M. Mathis, J. Mahdavi, S. Floyd, and A. Romanow. TCP Selective Acknowledgment Options. RFC 2018 (Proposed Standard), Oct. 1996.
[21]
A. Medina, M. Allman, and S. Floyd. Measuring the Evolution of Transport Protocols in the Internet. ACM SIGCOMM CCR, 35(2):37--52, 2005.
[22]
J. Mogul and S. Deering. Path MTU Discovery. RFC 1191 (Draft Standard), Nov. 1990.
[23]
J. Postel. Internet Control Message Protocol. RFC 792 (Standard), Sept. 1981.
[24]
K. Ramakrishnan, S. Floyd, and D. Black. The Addition of Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) to IP. RFC 3168 (Proposed Standard), Sept. 2001.
[25]
Y. Rekhter, B. Moskowitz, D. Karrenberg, G. J. de Groot, and E. Lear. Address Allocation for Private Internets. RFC 1918 (Best Current Practice), Feb. 1996.
[26]
J. Rosenberg. Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE): A Protocol for Network Address Translator (NAT) Traversal for Offer/Answer Protocols. RFC 5245 (Proposed Standard), Apr. 2010.
[27]
J. Rosenberg, R. Mahy, P. Matthews, and D. Wing. Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN). RFC 5389 (Proposed Standard), Oct. 2008.
[28]
J. Rosenberg, J. Weinberger, C. Huitema, and R. Mahy. STUN - Simple Traversal of User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Through Network Address Translators (NATs). RFC 3489 (Proposed Standard), Mar. 2003.
[29]
P. Srisuresh, B. Ford, S. Sivakumar, and S. Guha. NAT Behavioral Requirements for ICMP. RFC 5508 (Best Current Practice), Apr. 2009.
[30]
R. Stewart. Stream Control Transmission Protocol. RFC 4960 (Proposed Standard), Sept. 2007.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Towards a Stateless Reverse Traceroute ProtocolICC 2024 - IEEE International Conference on Communications10.1109/ICC51166.2024.10622935(1090-1095)Online publication date: 9-Jun-2024
  • (2023)Doomed to Repeat with IPv6? Characterization of NAT-centric Security in SOHO RoutersACM Computing Surveys10.1145/358600755:14s(1-37)Online publication date: 7-Mar-2023
  • (2021)Home is where the hijacking isProceedings of the 21st ACM Internet Measurement Conference10.1145/3487552.3487817(390-397)Online publication date: 2-Nov-2021
  • Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
IMC '10: Proceedings of the 10th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement
November 2010
496 pages
ISBN:9781450304832
DOI:10.1145/1879141
  • Program Chair:
  • Mark Allman
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

In-Cooperation

  • USENIX Assoc: USENIX Assoc

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 01 November 2010

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. behavior
  2. characteristics
  3. home gateways
  4. measurements

Qualifiers

  • Research-article

Conference

IMC '10
IMC '10: Internet Measurement Conference
November 1 - 30, 2010
Melbourne, Australia

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 277 of 1,083 submissions, 26%

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)14
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
Reflects downloads up to 23 Jan 2025

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Towards a Stateless Reverse Traceroute ProtocolICC 2024 - IEEE International Conference on Communications10.1109/ICC51166.2024.10622935(1090-1095)Online publication date: 9-Jun-2024
  • (2023)Doomed to Repeat with IPv6? Characterization of NAT-centric Security in SOHO RoutersACM Computing Surveys10.1145/358600755:14s(1-37)Online publication date: 7-Mar-2023
  • (2021)Home is where the hijacking isProceedings of the 21st ACM Internet Measurement Conference10.1145/3487552.3487817(390-397)Online publication date: 2-Nov-2021
  • (2021)A two-way Asymmetric Heartbeat Packet Sending Algorithm for Improving the Stability of Narrow-Band-Internet-of-Things TCP Long Connection with Least Resource Consumption2021 International Conference on Machine Learning and Intelligent Systems Engineering (MLISE)10.1109/MLISE54096.2021.00066(317-320)Online publication date: Jul-2021
  • (2021)Research Frontiers of Network Behavior AnalysisNetwork Behavior Analysis10.1007/978-981-16-8325-1_8(119-163)Online publication date: 16-Dec-2021
  • (2018)Using Adaptive Heartbeat Rate on Long-Lived TCP ConnectionsIEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking10.1109/TNET.2017.277427526:1(203-216)Online publication date: 1-Feb-2018
  • (2017)copycatProceedings of the 2017 Applied Networking Research Workshop10.1145/3106328.3106330(13-19)Online publication date: 15-Jul-2017
  • (2017)The QUIC Transport ProtocolProceedings of the Conference of the ACM Special Interest Group on Data Communication10.1145/3098822.3098842(183-196)Online publication date: 7-Aug-2017
  • (2017)NATwatcherIEEE Communications Magazine10.1109/MCOM.2017.1600776CM55:3(178-185)Online publication date: 1-Mar-2017
  • (2017)Short Paper: On Deployment of DNS-Based Security EnhancementsFinancial Cryptography and Data Security10.1007/978-3-319-70972-7_24(424-433)Online publication date: 2017
  • Show More Cited By

View Options

Login options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media