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Convergence enhancement within operator backbones for real-time applications

Published: 08 November 2010 Publication History

Abstract

Mpls/vpn backbones are widely used today by various operators in the world, the time it takes to recover after a failure inside an operator backbone is becoming a selective criterion for customers, especially for enterprises using time sensitive applications, for example: traditional telephony is widely migrating today to voip and a loss of more than 2 seconds during a conversation will affect signaling traffic and may cause the call to be dropped. In this paper we describe and analyze various factors that influence the convergence time, we try to characterize the convergence process by using a lab setup as representative as possible to an operator mpls/vpn backbone. We then generate various templates of traffic while making cuts and failures, and we measure their impact. This way we study, in depth, features that help to minimize interruption durations. As the global convergence time is an assembly of several factors including: link failure detection, IGP failure detection, LSP Generation, SPT Computation, RIB update, BGP updates, etc., our aim is to find the best combination of enhancements at each level to reach the result.

References

[1]
D. Katz Juniper Networks, D. Ward Cisco Systems, Bidirectional Forwarding Detection, draft-ietf-bfd-base-01.txt February, 2005
[2]
D. Awduche, J. Malcolm, J. Agogbua, M. O'Dell, J. McManus UUNET MCI Worldcom (RFC-2702)
[3]
E. Rosen, Y. Rekhter. BGP/MPLS IP Virtual Private Network (VPNs) (RFC-4364)
[4]
Ina Minei, julian Lucek Juniper Networks, MPLS-Enabled Applications, Emerging Developments and New Technologies
[5]
M. Jork Genband, A. Atlas British Telecom, L. Fang Cisco Systems, Inc. March 2009. LDP IGP Synchronization (RFC 5443)
[6]
L. AnderssonNortel Networks Inc., P. Doolan Ennovate Networks N. Feldman IBM Corp, A. Fredette PhotonEx Corp, B. Thomas Cisco Systems, Inc. (RFC-3036)
[7]
P. Pan, Ed. Hammerhead Systems, G. Swallow, Ed. Cisco Systems, A. Atlas, Ed. Avici Systems (RFC-4090)
[8]
T. Bates, R. Chandra, D. Katz, Y. Rekhter. Multiprotocol Extensions for BGP-4 (RFC-2858)
[9]
T. Bates, R. Chandra, E. Chen. BGP Route Reflection - An Alternative to Full Mesh IBGP (RFC-4456)
[10]
Y. Rekhter, E. Rosen. BGP MPLS Carrying Label Information in BGP-4 (RFC 3107)
[11]
Y. Rekhter, T. Li, S. Hares, A Border Gateway Protocol 4 (BGP-4) (RFC-4271)
[12]
Alia K. Atlas (editor), Raveendra Torvi, FutureWei Technologies Inc., Gagan Choudhury: IP Fast Reroute: Loop-Free Alternates (RFC 5286)
[13]
P. Marques, R. Bonica from Juniper Networks, L. Fang, L. Martini, R. Raszuk, K. Patel, J. Guichard From Cisco Systems, Inc. Constrained Route Distribution for Border Gateway Protocol/MultiProtocol Label Switching (BGP/MPLS) Internet Protocol (IP) Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). (RFC 4684)
[14]
Susan Hares, NextHop Technologies Scaling MPLS Software to Meet Emerging VPN Demands
[15]
Cisco system:: MPLS VPN---BGP Local Convergence First Published: December 31, 2007
[16]
Ahmed Elmokashfi Simula, Amund Kvalbein Simul, Constantine Dovrolis, Georgia Tech, On the scalability of BGP: the roles of topology growth and update rate limiting
[17]
www.cisco.com, Cisco CCO online documentation.
[18]
www.juniper.net, Juniper web online documentation.

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Published In

cover image ACM Other conferences
iiWAS '10: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Information Integration and Web-based Applications & Services
November 2010
895 pages
ISBN:9781450304214
DOI:10.1145/1967486
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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  • IIWAS: International Organization for Information Integration
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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 08 November 2010

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Author Tags

  1. BFD (bidirectional failure detection)
  2. FC (fast-convergence)
  3. ISIS (intermediate system to intermediate system)
  4. LDP (label distribution protocol)
  5. LFA (loop free alternate)
  6. LSP (label switched path)
  7. LoSD (lost of signal detection)
  8. MPLS (multiprotocol label switching)
  9. PIC (protocol independent convergence)
  10. RD (route distinguisher)
  11. VPN (virtual private network)

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  • Web-b

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