Krzysztof Z. Gajos
Amy Hurst
Abstract
In this forum we celebrate research that helps to successfully bring the benefits of computing technologies to children, older adults, people with disabilities, and other populations that are often ignored in the design of mass-marketed products. Juan Pablo Hourcade, Editor
- Harada, S., Wobbrock, J.O., and Landay, J. Voicedraw: A hands-free voice-driven drawing application for people with motor impairments. Proc. of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibiilty. ACM: New York, 2007. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Barnard, L., Yi, J.S., Jacko, J.A., and Sears, A. Capturing the effects of context on human performance in mobile computing systems. Personal Ubiquitous Comput. 11, 2 (2007), 81--96. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Lin, M., Goldman, R., Price, K.J., Sears, A., and Jacko, J. How do people tap when walking? An empirical investigation of nomadic data entry. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 65, 9 (2007), 759--769. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Hurst, A., Hudson, S.E., Mankoff, J., and Trewin, S. Automatically detecting pointing performance. Proc. of the 13th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces. ACM, New York, 2008. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Hurst, A., Mankoff, J., and Hudson, S.E. Understanding pointing problems in real world computing environments. Proc. of the 10th International ACM SIGCHI Conf. on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS) (Halifax, Nova Scotia). ACM, New York, 2008, 43--50. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Gajos, K.Z., Weld, D.S., and Wobbrock, J.O. Automatically generating personalized user interfaces with Supple. Artificial Intelligence 174, 12--13 (2010), 910--950. doi:10.1016/j.artint.2010.05.005 Google ScholarDigital Library
- AdaptableGIMP; http://adaptablegimp.org/Google Scholar
- Kane, S., Wobbrock, J., and Smith, I. Getting off the treadmill: Evaluating walking user interfaces for mobile devices in public spaces. Proc. of the 10th International Conference on Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services. ACM: New York, 2008. Google ScholarDigital Library
Index Terms
- Personalized dynamic accessibility
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Reviews
Bernice T. Glenn
Most people agree that access to technology is necessary to any individual who wishes to participate in contemporary society. International accessibility guidelines have been introduced to ensure that individuals with disability limitations have the means to access the digital world. However, as authors Gajos, Hurst, and Findlater point out in this article, interfaces and physical equipment created to aid the disabled seeking computer access have been designed to address one-size-fits-all types of problems. In two examples (Bob and Ken), the authors demonstrate that disabled individuals are capable of performing many of the normal operations needed for access. The equipment and/or specialized software they use makes performance very slow compared to that of typical users. But, as the authors point out, only some of the problems Bob and Ken face require special aids. Despite the different problems each one faces, they are both capable of normal functioning in some areas that could allow them to perform at greater, closer to normal speeds. To solve this problem, the authors propose a personalized approach to creating assistive equipment and modifying user interfaces based on need. They call it personalized dynamic accessibility. Such a program would automatically assess a user's abilities through unobtrusive observation, and predict whether the person would benefit from more suitable alternatives. The paper also discusses "situational impairments," the experiences normal users may face under usage or environments other than those designed for the traditional computer setting. As an example, the paper describes the differences mobile users experience when walking, where dexterity may be reduced and reading the screen becomes more difficult. Under these conditions, personalized dynamic accessibility would sense the environmental change and provide larger fonts for the mobile user, along with other assists that may be helpful. Few examples of observational studies and predictive software are included, but the authors suggest that user communities be empowered to design and share specialized software for the benefit of both disabled and typical users. Despite the paucity of actual examples, the descriptions of personalized dynamic accessibility and how it can be applied are valuable in that they describe a critical issue to consider in future generation software design. Online Computing Reviews Service
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