skip to main content
10.1145/2168556.2168602acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesetraConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Gaze gestures or dwell-based interaction?

Published: 28 March 2012 Publication History

Abstract

The two cardinal problems recognized with gaze-based interaction techniques are: how to avoid unintentional commands, and how to overcome the limited accuracy of eye tracking. Gaze gestures are a relatively new technique for giving commands, which has the potential to overcome these problems. We present a study that compares gaze gestures with dwell selection as an interaction technique. The study involved 12 participants and was performed in the context of using an actual application. The participants gave commands to a 3D immersive game using gaze gestures and dwell icons. We found that gaze gestures are not only a feasible means of issuing commands in the course of game play, but they also exhibited performance that was at least as good as or better than dwell selections. The gesture condition produced less than half of the errors when compared with the dwell condition. The study shows that gestures provide a robust alternative to dwell-based interaction with the reliance on positional accuracy being substantially reduced.

References

[1]
Drewes, H. & Schmidt, A. (2007), Interacting with the Computer using Gaze Gestures. Proc. of INTERACT 2007. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 4663, Springer, 475--488.
[2]
Heikkilä, H., and Räihä, K.-J. (2009), Speed and Accuracy of Gaze Gestures. Journal of Eye Movement Research 3, 2:1, 1--14.
[3]
Istance, H., Hyrskykari, A., Immonen, L., Mansikkamaa, S., and Vickers, S. (2010) Designing Gaze Gestures for Gaming: an Investigation of Performance. Proc. of 2010 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications (ETRA '10). ACM, 323--330.
[4]
Mollenbach, E., Hansen, J. P., Lillholm, M., & Gale, A. G. (2009). Single stroke gaze gestures. Proc. of the 27th international Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems CHI '09. ACM, New York, NY, pp. 4555--4560.
[5]
Skovsgaard, H., Räihä, K-J., and Tall, M. (2011), Computer control by gaze. Gaze Interaction and Applications of Eye Tracking: Advances in Assistive Technologies (Majaranta et al. eds.), IGI Global, Hershey, PA, USA, 78--102.
[6]
Smith, D. and Graham, N. (2006) Use of eye movements for video game control. Proc. of the ACM SIGCHI International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology (ACE '06). ACM, New York, NY, USA, Article 20.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Selection Performance and Reliability of Eye and Head Gaze Tracking Under Varying Light Conditions2024 IEEE Conference Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)10.1109/VR58804.2024.00075(546-556)Online publication date: 16-Mar-2024
  • (2024)Robust Object Selection in Spontaneous Gaze-Controlled Application Using Exponential Moving Average and Hidden Markov ModelIEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems10.1109/THMS.2024.341378154:5(485-498)Online publication date: Oct-2024
  • (2024)Evaluating Target Expansion for Eye Pointing TasksInteracting with Computers10.1093/iwc/iwae00436:4(209-223)Online publication date: 27-Feb-2024
  • Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
ETRA '12: Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications
March 2012
420 pages
ISBN:9781450312219
DOI:10.1145/2168556
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 28 March 2012

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. assistive input devices
  2. eye tracking
  3. gaze and gaming
  4. gaze gestures
  5. physically disabled user groups

Qualifiers

  • Research-article

Conference

ETRA '12
ETRA '12: Eye Tracking Research and Applications
March 28 - 30, 2012
California, Santa Barbara

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 69 of 137 submissions, 50%

Upcoming Conference

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)48
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)3
Reflects downloads up to 11 Feb 2025

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Selection Performance and Reliability of Eye and Head Gaze Tracking Under Varying Light Conditions2024 IEEE Conference Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)10.1109/VR58804.2024.00075(546-556)Online publication date: 16-Mar-2024
  • (2024)Robust Object Selection in Spontaneous Gaze-Controlled Application Using Exponential Moving Average and Hidden Markov ModelIEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems10.1109/THMS.2024.341378154:5(485-498)Online publication date: Oct-2024
  • (2024)Evaluating Target Expansion for Eye Pointing TasksInteracting with Computers10.1093/iwc/iwae00436:4(209-223)Online publication date: 27-Feb-2024
  • (2024)Evaluating the performance of gaze interaction for map target selectionCartography and Geographic Information Science10.1080/15230406.2024.233533152:1(82-102)Online publication date: 9-Apr-2024
  • (2024)Enhancing Fixation and Pursuit: Optimizing Field of View and Number of Targets for Selection Performance in Virtual RealityInternational Journal of Human–Computer Interaction10.1080/10447318.2024.231388841:2(1221-1233)Online publication date: 15-Feb-2024
  • (2024)The impact of visual and motor space size on gaze-based target selectionAustralian Journal of Psychology10.1080/00049530.2024.230938476:1Online publication date: 5-Feb-2024
  • (2024)Usability study of gaze-based control methods in a game with time pressureProcedia Computer Science10.1016/j.procs.2024.09.427246(473-481)Online publication date: 2024
  • (2024)Guiding gaze gestures on smartwatchesInternational Journal of Human-Computer Studies10.1016/j.ijhcs.2023.103196183:COnline publication date: 14-Mar-2024
  • (2023)Evaluating the Usability of a Gaze-Adaptive Approach for Identifying and Comparing Raster Values between MultilayersISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information10.3390/ijgi1210041212:10(412)Online publication date: 8-Oct-2023
  • (2023)Exploring Gaze-assisted and Hand-based Region Selection in Augmented RealityProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/35911297:ETRA(1-19)Online publication date: 18-May-2023
  • Show More Cited By

View Options

Login options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Figures

Tables

Media

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media