Andhi Indira Kusuma
ABSTRACT
This study simulated amplitude variation in the time varying surfaces effect for an underwater communication testing platform (a wave making towing tank of 176m x 8m x 4m). The interaction between signals and boundaries on the testing platform causes a multipath effect. Meanwhile, surface wave movement from the wave maker induces a Doppler shift, creating amplitude variation in the channel's impulse response (CIR). In the simulation, the channel's boundary interaction is recreated using an image method, and random analysis is conducted to represent the time varying surface. Three variations of surface wave height are observed in order to understand the characteristics of amplitude variation. The received signals are processed by an applied passive time reversal mirror (TRM) to focus the energy and to reduce inter-symbol interference (ISI). The bit error rate (BER) is evaluated by comparing the communication performance of time reversal and non-time reversal processes. The results show that TRM is an effective method to reduce BER due to the multipath effect and the time varying surface effect.
- C. T. Tindle, "Wavefronts and waveforms in deep-water sound propagation," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 112, 2 (May.2004), 2067--2080.Google Scholar
- J. C. Preisig and G. B. Deane, "Surface wave focusing and acoustic communications in the surf zone," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 116, 4 (May.2004), 2067--2080Google ScholarCross Ref
- M. Siderus and M. B. Porter, "Modelling broadband ocean acoustic transmission with time varying sea surfaces," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 124, 1 (Apr.2008), 137--150.Google ScholarCross Ref
- A. Zielinski, Y. H. Yoon, and L. Wu., "Performance analysis of digital acoustic communication in a shallow water channel," IEEE J. Oceanic. Eng, 20, 4 (Oct.1995), 293--299.Google ScholarCross Ref
- L. Y. S. Chiu, A. Y. Y. Chang and C. C. Wang., "Reducing the effects of sea surface reflection on vertical underwater acoustic communications using passive phase conjugation," Proceeding of Underwater communications-Channel modelling and Vallidation (Sestri levante, Italy, September 12--14, 2012).Ucomms'12.Google Scholar
- Y. Choo and W. Seong., "Analysis of a time varying acoustic channel caused by a moving surface," Proceeding of Underwater communications-Channel modelling and Vallidation (Sestri levante, Italy, September 12--14, 2012).Ucomms'12.Google Scholar
- J. S. Kim, H. C. Song, and W. A. Kupperman., "Adaptive Time Reversal Mirror," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 109, 5 (May.2001), 1817--1825.Google ScholarCross Ref
- R. Coates., "An empirical formula for computing the Beckmann-Spizzichno surface reflection loss coefficient," Proceeding of IEEE Transaction on Ultrasonic Ferroelectric and Frequency Control, (Singapore, 1988).Google Scholar
- B. H. Wu, G. P. Too and S. Lee., "Audio signal separation via a combination procedure of time-reversal and deconvolution process," J. Mech. Sys. and Sig. Process, 24, 5 (Jul.2010), 1431--1443.Google ScholarCross Ref
- D. B. Kilfoyle and A. B. Baggeroer., "The state of the art in underwater acoustic telemetry," IEEE J. Oceanic. Eng, 25, 1 (Jan.2000). 4--27.Google ScholarCross Ref
Index Terms
- Simulation of time varying surface effect in underwater communication testing platform
Recommendations
A Comparative Study of Spread OFDM with Transmit Diversity for Underwater Acoustic Communications
This paper compares the effectiveness of different spread OFDM techniques with transmit diversity used for underwater acoustic communications. Spreading by Walsh-Hadamard codes, discrete Fourier transform, discrete cosine transform and carrier ...
Exploiting the Skin Effect Using Radio Frequency Communication in Underwater Communication
ICICEE '12: Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Industrial Control and Electronics EngineeringThis paper describes a series of experiments of underwater radio frequency communications both in fresh water and sea water. We observed than due to skin effect, radio waves attenuated rapidly at first before skin depth appears and then attenuated ...
An ultrasonic sensor based low-power acoustic modem for underwater communication in underwater wireless sensor networks
EUC'07: Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Emerging direction in embedded and ubiquitous computingApplications of underwater sensor networks involve environmental monitoring, disaster prevention, and resource detection. As the importance of these applications has recently grown, underwater sensor networks made up of sensor nodes have to be further ...
Comments