research-article

Effects of security warnings and instant gratification cues on attitudes toward mobile websites

Authors:

S. Shyam SundarAuthors Info & Claims

CHI '14: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Pages 111 - 114

https://doi.org/10.1145/2556288.2557347

Published: 26 April 2014 Publication History

Abstract

In order to address the increased privacy and security concerns raised by mobile communications, designers of mobile applications and websites have come up with a variety of warnings and appeals. While some interstitials warn about potential risk to personal information due to an untrusted security certificate, others attempt to take users' minds away from privacy concerns by making tempting, time-sensitive offers. How effective are they? We conducted an online experiment (N = 220) to find out. Our data show that both these strategies raise red flags for users - appeals to instant gratification make users more leery of the site and warnings make them perceive greater threat to personal data. Yet, users tend to reveal more information about their social media accounts when warned about an insecure site. This is probably because users process these interstitials based on cognitive heuristics triggered by them. These findings hold important implications for the design of cues in mobile interfaces.

References

[1]

Bellur, S. and Sundar, S. S. How can we tell when a heuristic has been used? Annual Conference of International Comm. Association (ICA), (2010).

[2]

Boyles, J. L., Smith, A., and Madden, M. Privacy and data management on mobile devices. Pew Internet & American Life Project, (2012).

[3]

Culnan, M. J. and Bies, J. R., Consumer privacy: Balancing economic and justice considerations, Journal of Social Issues 59, 2 (2003), 323--342.

[4]

Fogg, B. J., Lee, E., and Marshall, J. Interactive technology and persuasion. In J. P. Dillard and M. Pfau, eds., The persuasion handbook: Developments in theory and practice. Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA, 2002, 765--788.

[5]

Iachello, G., Smith, I., Consolvo, S., et al. Control, deception, and communication: Evaluating the deployment of a location-enhanced messaging service. In Proc. UbiComp 2005, Springer Heidelberg (2005), 213--231.

Digital Library

[6]

Kalyanaraman, S. and Sundar, S. S. The psychological appeal of personalized content in web portals: Does customization affect attitudes and behavior? Journal of Communication 56, 1 (2006), 110--132.

[7]

Marathe, S. S., Sundar, S. S., Bijvank, M. N., van Vugt, H., and Veldhuis, J. Who are these power users anyway? Building a psychological profile. Annual Conference of International Comm. Association (ICA), (2007).

[8]

Meade, T. L. I want it now: Do new media affect ability to delay gratification? Doctoral dissertation, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, (2012).

[9]

Metzger, M. J. Effects of site, vendor, and consumer characteristics on Web site trust and disclosure. Communication Research 33, 3 (2006), 155--179.

[10]

Norberg, P. A., Horne, D. R. and Horne, D. A. The privacy paradox: Personal information disclosure intentions versus behaviors. The Journal of Consumer Affairs 41, 1 (2007), 100--127.

[11]

Ruggiero, T. E. Uses and gratifications theory in the 21st century. Mass Communication & Society 3, 1 (2000), 3--37.

[12]

Sundar, S. S. The MAIN model: A heuristic approach to understanding technology effects on credibility. In M. J. Metzger, ed., Digital media, youth, and credibility. The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, 2008, 72--100.

[13]

Sundar, S. S., Kang, H., Wu, M., Go, E., and Zhang, B. Unlocking the privacy paradox: Do cognitive heuristics hold the key? In Proc. CHI 2013, ACM Press (2013), 811--816.

Digital Library

[14]

Xu, H., Luo, X., Carroll, J. M., and Rosson, M. B. The personalization privacy paradox: An exploratory study of decision making process for location-aware marketing. Decision Support Systems 51, 1(2010), 4252.

Digital Library

[15]

Zarmpou, T., Saprikis, V., Markos, A., and Vlachopoulou, M. Modeling users' acceptance of mobile services. Electronic Commerce Research 12, 2 (2012), 225--248.

Digital Library

Cited By

Valta MMaier C(2025)Digital Nudging: A Systematic Literature Review, Taxonomy, and Future Research DirectionsACM SIGMIS Database: the DATABASE for Advances in Information Systems10.1145/3715966.371597356:1(101-125)Online publication date: 28-Jan-2025
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3715966.3715973
Pathiyan Cherumanal SGadiraju USpina D(2024)Everything We Hear: Towards Tackling Misinformation in PodcastsProceedings of the 26th International Conference on Multimodal Interaction10.1145/3678957.3678959(596-601)Online publication date: 4-Nov-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3678957.3678959
Alrayes FAbdelmoty AEl-Geresy W(2024)User profile visualisation for privacy awareness on Geo-Social NetworksJournal of Location Based Services10.1080/17489725.2024.239951219:1(43-77)Online publication date: 26-Sep-2024
https://doi.org/10.1080/17489725.2024.2399512
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Effects of security warnings and instant gratification cues on attitudes toward mobile websites
1. Applied computing
  1. Law, social and behavioral sciences
2. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)

Recommendations

The influence of the propensity to trust on mobile users' attitudes toward in-app advertisements

In-app advertising is one of the fastest growing areas in social commerce. Building on previous studies of e-commerce and psychological theories, this paper examines a theoretical model that extends the theory of planned behavior to include the ...
Trust and Perceived Risk of Personal Information as Antecedents of Online Information Disclosure: Results from Three Countries

Individuals have to disclose personal information in order to utilize the manifold options of the Internet. Online users frequently trade data for benefits privacy calculus. Trust in both the Internet and the vendor has been identified as an important ...
Extent of private information disclosure on online social networks: An exploration of Facebook mobile phone users

The present study adopts the Communication Privacy Management theory and investigates the factors that influence the extent of private information disclosure of Facebook mobile phone users. Using a sample size of 488 adult mobile phone users, the study ...

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

CHI '14: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

April 2014

4206 pages

ISBN:9781450324731

DOI:10.1145/2556288

General Chairs:
Matt Jones
Swansea University, Wales, UK
,
Philippe Palanque
Université Paul Sabatier, France
,
Program Chairs:
Albrecht Schmidt
University of Stuttgart, Germany
,
Tovi Grossman
Autodesk Research, Canada

Copyright © 2014 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

SIGCHI: ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 26 April 2014

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article

Conference

CHI '14

Sponsor:

SIGCHI

CHI '14: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

April 26 - May 1, 2014

Ontario, Toronto, Canada

Acceptance Rates

CHI '14 Paper Acceptance Rate 465 of 2,043 submissions, 23%;

Overall Acceptance Rate 6,199 of 26,314 submissions, 24%

Upcoming Conference

CHI 2025

Sponsor:
sigchi

ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

April 26 - May 1, 2025

Yokohama , Japan

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

29
Total Citations
View Citations
1,390
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)94
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)12

Reflects downloads up to 01 Mar 2025

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Valta MMaier C(2025)Digital Nudging: A Systematic Literature Review, Taxonomy, and Future Research DirectionsACM SIGMIS Database: the DATABASE for Advances in Information Systems10.1145/3715966.371597356:1(101-125)Online publication date: 28-Jan-2025
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3715966.3715973
Pathiyan Cherumanal SGadiraju USpina D(2024)Everything We Hear: Towards Tackling Misinformation in PodcastsProceedings of the 26th International Conference on Multimodal Interaction10.1145/3678957.3678959(596-601)Online publication date: 4-Nov-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3678957.3678959
Alrayes FAbdelmoty AEl-Geresy W(2024)User profile visualisation for privacy awareness on Geo-Social NetworksJournal of Location Based Services10.1080/17489725.2024.239951219:1(43-77)Online publication date: 26-Sep-2024
https://doi.org/10.1080/17489725.2024.2399512
Windl MScheidle AGeorge CMayer SKelley PKapadia A(2023)Investigating security indicators for hyperlinking within the metaverseProceedings of the Nineteenth USENIX Conference on Usable Privacy and Security10.5555/3632186.3632219(605-620)Online publication date: 7-Aug-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/3632186.3632219
Cho MReeves BRobinson TRam N(2023)Media Production on Smartphones: Analysis of the Timing, Content, and Context of Message Production Using Real-World Smartphone Use DataCyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking10.1089/cyber.2021.035026:5(371-379)Online publication date: 1-May-2023
https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2021.0350
Steffes BSalemi SFeth DGroen E(2023)Generic Consents in Digital Ecosystems: Legal, Psychological, and Technical PerspectivesHuman Factors in Privacy Research10.1007/978-3-031-28643-8_13(255-282)Online publication date: 10-Mar-2023
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28643-8_13
Valta MMenzel JMaier CPflügner KMeier MWeitzel TGallivan MZaza SArmstrong DGuzman IRodriguez-Abitia G(2022)Digital NudgingProceedings of the 2022 Computers and People Research Conference10.1145/3510606.3550211(1-10)Online publication date: 2-Jun-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3510606.3550211
Shore ACummings J(2022)An Exploratory Analysis of Interface Features Influencing Mobile Location Data DisclosureInternational Journal of Human–Computer Interaction10.1080/10447318.2022.210442839:19(3758-3773)Online publication date: 8-Aug-2022
https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2022.2104428
Shibuya YHamm ACerratto Pargman T(2022)Mapping HCI research methods for studying social media interactionComputers in Human Behavior10.1016/j.chb.2021.107131129:COnline publication date: 1-Apr-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.chb.2021.107131
Cho HLee DLee J(2022)User acceptance on content optimization algorithms: predicting filter bubbles in conversational AI servicesUniversal Access in the Information Society10.1007/s10209-022-00913-822:4(1325-1338)Online publication date: 5-Sep-2022
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-022-00913-8
Show More Cited By

View Options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Figures

Tables

Media

View Table of Conten