research-article

Look and lean: accurate head-assisted eye pointing

Authors:

Poika Isokoski,

Päivi MajarantaAuthors Info & Claims

ETRA '14: Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications

Pages 35 - 42

https://doi.org/10.1145/2578153.2578157

Published: 26 March 2014 Publication History

Abstract

Compared to the mouse, eye pointing is inaccurate. As a consequence, small objects are difficult to point by gaze alone. We suggest using a combination of eye pointing and subtle head movements to achieve accurate hands-free pointing in a conventional desktop computing environment. For tracking the head movements, we exploited information of the eye position in the eye tracker's camera view. We conducted a series of three experiments to study the potential caveats and benefits of using head movements to adjust gaze cursor position. Results showed that head-assisted eye pointing significantly improves the pointing accuracy without a negative impact on the pointing time. In some cases participants were able to point almost 3 times closer to the target's center, compared to the eye pointing alone (7 vs. 19 pixels). We conclude that head assisted eye pointing is a comfortable and potentially very efficient alternative for other assisting methods in the eye pointing, such as zooming.

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Cited By

Hou BNewn JSidenmark LKhan AGellersen H(2024)GazeSwitch: Automatic Eye-Head Mode Switching for Optimised Hands-Free PointingProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36556018:ETRA(1-20)Online publication date: 28-May-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3655601
Reddy GProulx MHirshfield LRies A(2024)Towards an Eye-Brain-Computer Interface: Combining Gaze with the Stimulus-Preceding Negativity for Target Selections in XRProceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3613904.3641925(1-17)Online publication date: 11-May-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3613904.3641925
Arias-Flores HValencia-Aragón KSanchez-Gordón S(2024)Exploring the Effectiveness of Assistive Technology: A Preliminary Case Study Using Makey Makey, Tobii Eye Tracker, and Leap MotionExtended Reality10.1007/978-3-031-71704-8_3(32-42)Online publication date: 18-Sep-2024
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-71704-8_3
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Look and lean: accurate head-assisted eye pointing
1. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)
    1. HCI design and evaluation methods
    2. Interaction devices
      1. Touch screens

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Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

ETRA '14: Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications

March 2014

394 pages

ISBN:9781450327510

DOI:10.1145/2578153

Conference Chairs:
Pernilla Qvarfordt
FX Palo Alto Laboratory
,
Dan Witzner Hansen
IT University, Denmark

Copyright © 2014 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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Publication History

Published: 26 March 2014

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ETRA '14

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ETRA '14: Eye Tracking Research and Applications

March 26 - 28, 2014

Florida, Safety Harbor

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Overall Acceptance Rate 69 of 137 submissions, 50%

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ETRA '25

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sigchi
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2025 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications

May 26 - 29, 2025

Tokyo , Japan

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Cited By

Hou BNewn JSidenmark LKhan AGellersen H(2024)GazeSwitch: Automatic Eye-Head Mode Switching for Optimised Hands-Free PointingProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36556018:ETRA(1-20)Online publication date: 28-May-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3655601
Reddy GProulx MHirshfield LRies A(2024)Towards an Eye-Brain-Computer Interface: Combining Gaze with the Stimulus-Preceding Negativity for Target Selections in XRProceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3613904.3641925(1-17)Online publication date: 11-May-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3613904.3641925
Arias-Flores HValencia-Aragón KSanchez-Gordón S(2024)Exploring the Effectiveness of Assistive Technology: A Preliminary Case Study Using Makey Makey, Tobii Eye Tracker, and Leap MotionExtended Reality10.1007/978-3-031-71704-8_3(32-42)Online publication date: 18-Sep-2024
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-71704-8_3
Gizatdinova YŠpakov OTuisku OTurk MSurakka V(2023)Vision-Based Interfaces for Character-Based Text EntryAdvances in Human-Computer Interaction10.1155/2023/88557642023Online publication date: 1-Jan-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1155/2023/8855764
Wei YShi RYu DWang YLi YYu LLiang H(2023)Predicting Gaze-based Target Selection in Augmented Reality Headsets based on Eye and Head Endpoint DistributionsProceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3544548.3581042(1-14)Online publication date: 19-Apr-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3544548.3581042
Dy MOlazo KLyles CLisker SWeinberg JLee CTarver MSaha AKontson KAraojo RBrown ESarkar U(2023)Usability and acceptability of virtual reality for chronic pain management among diverse patients in a safety-net setting: a qualitative analysisJAMIA Open10.1093/jamiaopen/ooad0506:3Online publication date: 11-Jul-2023
https://doi.org/10.1093/jamiaopen/ooad050
Adhanom IMacNeilage PFolmer E(2023)Eye Tracking in Virtual Reality: a Broad Review of Applications and ChallengesVirtual Reality10.1007/s10055-022-00738-z27:2(1481-1505)Online publication date: 18-Jan-2023
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-022-00738-z
Holmqvist KÖrbom SHooge INiehorster DAlexander RAndersson RBenjamins JBlignaut PBrouwer AChuang LDalrymple KDrieghe DDunn MEttinger UFiedler SFoulsham Tvan der Geest JHansen DHutton SKasneci EKingstone AKnox PKok ELee HLee JLeppänen JMacknik SMajaranta PMartinez-Conde SNuthmann ANyström MOrquin JOtero-Millan JPark SPopelka SProudlock FRenkewitz FRoorda ASchulte-Mecklenbeck MSharif BShic FShovman MThomas MVenrooij WZemblys RHessels R(2022)RETRACTED ARTICLE: Eye tracking: empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guidelineBehavior Research Methods10.3758/s13428-021-01762-855:1(364-416)Online publication date: 6-Apr-2022
https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-021-01762-8
Babic TReiterer HHaller M(2022)Understanding and Creating Spatial Interactions with Distant Displays Enabled by Unmodified Off-The-Shelf SmartphonesMultimodal Technologies and Interaction10.3390/mti61000946:10(94)Online publication date: 19-Oct-2022
https://doi.org/10.3390/mti6100094
Yi XLu YCai ZWu ZWang YShi Y(2022)GazeDock: Gaze-Only Menu Selection in Virtual Reality using Auto-Triggering Peripheral Menu2022 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)10.1109/VR51125.2022.00105(832-842)Online publication date: Mar-2022
https://doi.org/10.1109/VR51125.2022.00105
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