skip to main content
research-article

Reflectance scanning: estimating shading frame and BRDF with generalized linear light sources

Published: 27 July 2014 Publication History

Abstract

We present a generalized linear light source solution to estimate both the local shading frame and anisotropic surface reflectance of a planar spatially varying material sample.
We generalize linear light source reflectometry by modulating the intensity along the linear light source, and show that a constant and two sinusoidal lighting patterns are sufficient for estimating the local shading frame and anisotropic surface reflectance. We propose a novel reconstruction algorithm based on the key observation that after factoring out the tangent rotation, the anisotropic surface reflectance lies in a low rank subspace. We exploit the differences in tangent rotation between surface points to infer the low rank subspace and fit each surface point's reflectance function in the projected low rank subspace to the observations. We propose two prototype acquisition devices for capturing surface reflectance that differ on whether the camera is fixed with respect to the linear light source or fixed with respect to the material sample.
We demonstrate convincing results obtained from reflectance scans of surfaces with different reflectance and shading frame variations.

Supplementary Material

ZIP File (a117-chen.zip)
Supplemental material.
MP4 File (a117-sidebyside.mp4)

References

[1]
Aittala, M., Weyrich, T., and Lehtinen, J. 2013. Practical SVBRDF capture in the frequency domain. ACM Trans. Graph. 32, 4.
[2]
Alldrin, N., Zickler, T. E., and Kriegman, D. 2008. Photometric stereo with non-parametric and spatially-varying reflectance. In CVPR, 1--8.
[3]
Ben-Ezra, M., Wang, J., Wilburn, B., Li, X., and Ma, L. 2008. An LED-only BRDF measurement device. In CVPR, 1--8.
[4]
Cai, J.-F., Candès, E. J., and Shen, Z. 2010. A Singular Value Thresholding Algorithm for Matrix Completion. SIAM J. on Optimization 20, 4, 1956--1982.
[5]
Cook, R. L., and Torrance, K. E. 1982. A reflectance model for computer graphics. ACM Trans. Graph. 1, 1, 7--24.
[6]
Dana, K. J., Nayar, S. K., van Ginneken, B., and Koenderink, J. J. 1999. Reflectance and texture of real-world surfaces. ACM Trans. Graph. 18, 1, 1--34.
[7]
Dong, Y., Wang, J., Tong, X., Snyder, J., Lan, Y., Ben-Ezra, M., and Guo, B. 2010. Manifold bootstrapping for svbrdf capture. ACM Trans. Graph. 29, 4, 98:1--98:10.
[8]
Gardner, A., Tchou, C., Hawkins, T., and Debevec, P. 2003. Linear light source reflectometry. ACM Trans. Graph. 22, 3, 749--758.
[9]
Ghosh, A., Chen, T., Peers, P., Wilson, C. A., and Debevec, P. E. 2009. Estimating specular roughness and anisotropy from second order spherical gradient illumination. Computer Graphics Forum 28, 4, 1161--1170.
[10]
Goldman, D. B., Curless, B., Hertzmann, A., and Seitz, S. M. 2005. Shape and spatially-varying BRDFs from photometric stereo. In ICCV, I: 341--348.
[11]
Han, J. Y., and Perlin, K. 2003. Measuring bidirectional texture reflectance with a kaleidoscope. ACM Trans. Graph. 22, 3, 741--748.
[12]
Holroyd, M., Lawrence, J., Humphreys, G., and Zickler, T. 2008. A photometric approach for estimating normals and tangents. ACM Trans. Graph. 27, 5, 133:1--133:9.
[13]
Lafortune, E. P. F., Foo, S.-C., Torrance, K. E., and Greenberg, D. P. 1997. Non-linear approximation of reflectance functions. In Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH 1997, Annual Conference Series, 117--126.
[14]
Lawrence, J., Ben-Artzi, A., DeCoro, C., Matusik, W., Pfister, H., Ramamoorthi, R., and Rusinkiewicz, S. 2006. Inverse shade trees for non-parametric material representation and editing. ACM Trans. Graph. 25, 3.
[15]
Lensch, H. P. A., Kautz, J., Goesele, M., Heidrich, W., and Seidel, H.-P. 2003. Image-based reconstruction of spatial appearance and geometric detail. ACM Trans. Graph. 22, 2, 234--257.
[16]
Liu, G., Lin, Z., Yan, S., Sun, J., Yu, Y., and Ma, Y. 2013. Robust Recovery of Subspace Structures by Low-Rank Representation. IEEE PAMI 35, 171--184.
[17]
Lu, R., Koenderink, J. J., and Kappers, A. M. L. 1998. Optical properties bidirectional reflectance distribution functions of velvet. Applied Optics 37, 25 (Sept.), 5974--5984.
[18]
Ma, W.-C., Hawkins, T., Peers, P., Chabert, C.-F., Weiss, M., and Debevec, P. E. 2007. Rapid acquisition of specular and diffuse normal maps from polarized spherical gradient illumination. In Rendering Techniques, 183--194.
[19]
Marschner, S., Westin, S., Lafortune, E., Torrance, K., and Greenberg, D. 1999. Image-based BRDF measurement including human skin. In 10th Eurographics Rendering Workshop.
[20]
Matusik, W., Pfister, H., Brand, M., and McMillan, L. 2003. Efficient isotropic BRDF measurement. In Rendering Techniques, 241--247.
[21]
Mukaigawa, Y., sumino, K., and yagi, Y. 2007. High-speed measurement of BRDF using an ellipsoidal mirror and a projector. In ACCV, 246--257.
[22]
Ngan, A., Durand, F., and Matusik, W. 2005. Experimental analysis of BRDF models. Eurographics Symposium on Rendering 2005, 117--226.
[23]
Nicodemus, F. E., Richmond, J. C., Hsia, J. J., Ginsberg, I. W., and Limperis, T. 1977. Geometric considerations and nomenclature for reflectance. Monograph 161,National Bureau of Standards (US).
[24]
Nocedal, J., and Wright, S. J. 2006. Numerical Optimization. Springer Series in Operations Research and Financial Enginee. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
[25]
Ren, P., Wang, J., Snyder, J., Tong, X., and Guo, B. 2011. Pocket reflectometry. ACM Trans. Graph. 30, 4, 45:1--45:10.
[26]
Tunwattanapong, B., Fyffe, G., Graham, P., Busch, J., Yu, X., Ghosh, A., and Debevec, P. E. 2013. Acquiring reflectance and shape from continuous spherical harmonic illumination. ACM Trans. Graph. 32, 4, 109.
[27]
Wang, J., Zhao, S., Tong, X., Snyder, J., and Guo, B. 2008. Modeling anisotropic surface reflectance with example-based microfacet synthesis. ACM Trans. Graph 27, 3, 41:1--41:9.
[28]
Ward, G. J. 1992. Measuring and modeling anisotropic reflection. In Computer Graphics, vol. 26, 265--272.
[29]
Zhang, Z. 2000. A flexible new technique for camera calibration. In IEEE PAMI, vol. 22, 1330--1334.
[30]
Zickler, T., Enrique, S., Ramamoorthi, R., and Belhumeur, P. 2005. Reflectance sharing: image-based rendering from a sparse set of images. In Rendering Techniques, 253--264.

Cited By

View all
  • (2025)Implicit Bonded Discrete Element Method with Manifold OptimizationACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/3711852Online publication date: 9-Jan-2025
  • (2024)NFPLight: Deep SVBRDF Estimation via the Combination of Near and Far Field Point LightingACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/368797843:6(1-11)Online publication date: 19-Dec-2024
  • (2024)Deep SVBRDF Acquisition and Modelling: A SurveyComputer Graphics Forum10.1111/cgf.1519943:6Online publication date: 16-Sep-2024
  • Show More Cited By

Index Terms

  1. Reflectance scanning: estimating shading frame and BRDF with generalized linear light sources

      Recommendations

      Comments

      Information & Contributors

      Information

      Published In

      cover image ACM Transactions on Graphics
      ACM Transactions on Graphics  Volume 33, Issue 4
      July 2014
      1366 pages
      ISSN:0730-0301
      EISSN:1557-7368
      DOI:10.1145/2601097
      Issue’s Table of Contents
      Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

      Publisher

      Association for Computing Machinery

      New York, NY, United States

      Publication History

      Published: 27 July 2014
      Published in TOG Volume 33, Issue 4

      Permissions

      Request permissions for this article.

      Check for updates

      Author Tags

      1. BRDF
      2. anisotropic
      3. linear light source

      Qualifiers

      • Research-article

      Funding Sources

      Contributors

      Other Metrics

      Bibliometrics & Citations

      Bibliometrics

      Article Metrics

      • Downloads (Last 12 months)34
      • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)4
      Reflects downloads up to 17 Jan 2025

      Other Metrics

      Citations

      Cited By

      View all
      • (2025)Implicit Bonded Discrete Element Method with Manifold OptimizationACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/3711852Online publication date: 9-Jan-2025
      • (2024)NFPLight: Deep SVBRDF Estimation via the Combination of Near and Far Field Point LightingACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/368797843:6(1-11)Online publication date: 19-Dec-2024
      • (2024)Deep SVBRDF Acquisition and Modelling: A SurveyComputer Graphics Forum10.1111/cgf.1519943:6Online publication date: 16-Sep-2024
      • (2024)Efficient Reflectance Capture With a Deep Gated Mixture-of-ExpertsIEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics10.1109/TVCG.2023.326187230:7(4246-4256)Online publication date: Jul-2024
      • (2023)Computational Design of Flexible Planar MicrostructuresACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/361839642:6(1-16)Online publication date: 5-Dec-2023
      • (2023)OpenSVBRDF: A Database of Measured Spatially-Varying ReflectanceACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/361835842:6(1-14)Online publication date: 5-Dec-2023
      • (2023)DeepBasis: Hand-Held Single-Image SVBRDF Capture via Two-Level Basis Material ModelSIGGRAPH Asia 2023 Conference Papers10.1145/3610548.3618239(1-11)Online publication date: 10-Dec-2023
      • (2023)Deep SVBRDF Estimation from Single Image under Learned Planar LightingACM SIGGRAPH 2023 Conference Proceedings10.1145/3588432.3591559(1-11)Online publication date: 23-Jul-2023
      • (2023)Neural Reflectance Capture in the View-Illumination DomainIEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics10.1109/TVCG.2021.311737029:2(1450-1462)Online publication date: 1-Feb-2023
      • (2023)A Unified Spatial-Angular Structured Light for Single-View Acquisition of Shape and Reflectance2023 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)10.1109/CVPR52729.2023.00028(206-215)Online publication date: Jun-2023
      • Show More Cited By

      View Options

      Login options

      Full Access

      View options

      PDF

      View or Download as a PDF file.

      PDF

      eReader

      View online with eReader.

      eReader

      Media

      Figures

      Other

      Tables

      Share

      Share

      Share this Publication link

      Share on social media