research-article

The Dream and the Cross: A 3D Scanning Project to Bring 3D Content in a Digital Edition

Authors:

Marco Callieri,

Matteo Dellepiane,

Daniel Paul O’donnell,

Roberto Rosselli Del Turco,

Roberto ScopignoAuthors Info & Claims

Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage (JOCCH), Volume 8, Issue 1

Article No.: 5, Pages 1 - 21

https://doi.org/10.1145/2686873

Published: 25 February 2015 Publication History

Abstract

The Dream of the Rood is one of the earliest Christian poems in Old English and an example of the genre of dream poetry. While a complete text can be found in the 10th-century “Vercelli Book,” the poem is considerably older, and its oldest occurrence is carved (in runes) on the 7- to 8th-century Ruthwell Stone Cross. In this article, we present the work done in the framework of the “Visionary Cross” project, starting from the digitization of the Ruthwell Cross to the creation of a web-based digital edition of The Dream of the Rood, as it is carved on the Cross. The 3D data has been collected and processed with the explicit aim of creating a multimedia framework able to present the highly detailed digital model acquired with 3D scanning technology, together with the transcription and translation of the runes that can be found on its surface. The textual and spatial information are linked through a system of bidirectional links called Spots, which allow the users to navigate freely over the multimedia content, keeping the 3D and textual data synchronized. The present work discusses the different issues that arose during the work, from digitization and processing to the design of a tool for the integration of three-dimensional content in the context of the presentation on the web platform of heterogeneous multimedia data. We end with the difficulties involved in the creation of an XML encoding that could account for the necessities of the visualization system but remain within the scholarly encoding standards of the relevant disciplinary community.

References

[1]

ActiveX. 2014. Microsoft ActiveX Controls. Retrieved from http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa751968(VS.85).aspx.

[2]

J. Behr, P. Eschler, Y. Jung, and M. Zöllner. 2009. X3DOM: A DOM-based HTML5/X3D integration model. In Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on 3D Web Technology (Web3D’09). ACM, New York, NY, 127--135.

Digital Library

[3]

D. A. Bowman, C. North, J. Chen, N. F. Polys, P. S. Pyla, and U. Yilmaz. 2003. Information-rich virtual environments: Theory, tools, and research agenda. In Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST’03). ACM, New York, NY, 81--90.

Digital Library

[4]

P. Brunt. 2010. GLGE: WebGL for the Lazy. Retrieved from http://www.glge.org/.

[5]

M. Callieri, C. Leoni, M. Dellepiane, and R. Scopigno. 2013. Artworks narrating a story: A modular framework for the integrated presentation of three-dimensional and textual contents. In Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on 3D Web Technology. ACM, New York, NY, 167--175.

Digital Library

[6]

P. Cignoni, M. Callieri, M. Corsini, M. Dellepiane, F. Ganovelli, and G. Ranzuglia. 2008. MeshLab: An open-source mesh processing tool. In Proceedings of the 6th Eurographics Italian Chapter Conference. 129--136.

[7]

P. Cignoni, F. Ganovelli, E. Gobbetti, F. Marton, F. Ponchio, and R. Scopigno. 2004. Adaptive tetrapuzzles: Efficient out-of-core construction and visualization of gigantic multiresolution polygonal models. ACM Trans. Graphics (SIGGRAPH 2004) 23, 3 (2004), 796--803.

Digital Library

[8]

P. Cignoni, F. Ganovelli, E. Gobbetti, F. Marton, F. Ponchio, and R. Scopigno. 2005. Batched multi triangulation. In Proceedings IEEE Visualization. IEEE Computer Society Press, 207--214.

[9]

B. DeLillo. 2009. WebGLU: A Utility Library for Working with WebGL. Retrieved from http://webglu.sourceforge.org/.

[10]

M. Di Benedetto, F. Ponchio, F. Ganovelli, and R. Scopigno. 2010. SpiderGL: A JavaScript 3D graphics library for next-generation WWW. In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Web 3D Technology (Web3D’10). ACM, New York, NY, 165--174.

Digital Library

[11]

D. Brutzman and L. Daly. 2007. X3D: Extensible 3D Graphics for Web Authors. Morgan Kaufmann.

Digital Library

[12]

H. N. Duggan. 1994. The Piers Plowman Electronic Archive. University of Virginia Institute for Advanced Technology in the Humanities.

[13]

D. Emery and M. B. Toth. 2009. Integrating images and text with common data and metadata standards in the archimedes palimpsest. Digital Humanities Abstracts 2009 (June 2009), 281--283.

[14]

P. Faraday and A. Sutcliffe. 1997. Designing effective multimedia presentations. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI’97). ACM, New York, NY, 272--278.

Digital Library

[15]

M. K. Foys, K. E. Overbey, and D. Terkla. 2009. The Bayeux Tapestry: New Interpretations. Boydell Press.

[16]

T. Götzelmann, P.-P. Vázquez, K. Hartmann, A. Nürnberger, and T. Strothotte. 2007. Correlating text and images: Concept and evaluation. In Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Smart Graphics (SG’07). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 97--109.

Digital Library

[17]

F. Halasz and M. Schwartz. 1994. The dexter hypertext reference model. Commun. ACM 37, 2 (Feb. 1994), 30--39. doi.org/10.1145/175235.175237

Digital Library

[18]

J. Jankowski and S. Decker. 2012. A dual-mode user interface for accessing 3D content on the World Wide Web. In Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web (WWW’12). ACM, New York, NY, 1047--1056.

Digital Library

[19]

J. Jankowski, K. Samp, I. Irzynska, M. Jozwowicz, and S. Decker. 2010. Integrating text with video and 3D graphics: The effects of text drawing styles on text readability. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI’10). ACM, New York, NY, 1321--1330.

Digital Library

[20]

Lindsay Kay. 2009. SceneJS. Retrieved from http://www.scenejs.com.

[21]

Khronos Group. 2009c. Khronos: Open Standards for Media Authoring and Acceleration. Retrieved from https://www.khronos.org/.

[22]

Khronos Group. 2009a. OpenGL ES - The Standard for Embedded Accelerated 3D Graphics. Retrieved from https://www. khronos.org/opengles/sdk/docs/man/xhtml/glFinish.xml.

[23]

Khronos Group. 2009b. WebGL - OpenGL ES 2.0 for the Web. Retrieved from https://www.khronos.org/webgl/.

[24]

P. Mascellani and P. D. Napoletani. 2001. MauroTeX - A language for electronic critical editions. In International Cultural Heritage Informatics Meeting (2) (2002-01-03). 223--241. http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/ichim/ichim2001-2.html#MascellaniN01

[25]

M. McGillivray and T Asgar-Deen. 1999. Geoffrey Chaucer’s Book of the Duchess a hypertext edition. University of Calgary Press.

[26]

D. P. O’Donnell. 1996. Manuscript Variation in Multiple Recension Old English Poetic Texts. Yale University.

[27]

D. P. O’Donnell and D. Collins. 2005. Cædmon’s Hymn: A Multimedia Study, Archive and Edition. D. S. Brewer. Retrieved from http://books.google.it/books&quest;id=8iEAcwwTMoIC.

[28]

D. C. Parker. 2012. A Transcription of Codex Sinaiticus. Retrieved from http://epapers.bham.ac.uk/1690/.

[29]

N. F. Polys, D. A. Bowman, and C. North. 2011. The role of depth and gestalt cues in information-rich virtual environments. Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud. 69, 1--2 (Jan. 2011), 30--51.

Digital Library

[30]

A. Prescott. 1997. The electronic Beowulf and digital restoration. Literary and Linguistic Computing 197 (1997), 185--195.

[31]

D. Raggett. 1995. Extending WWW to support platform independent virtual reality. Technical Report (1995).

[32]

G. Ranzuglia, M. Callieri, M. Dellepiane, P. Cignoni, and R. Scopigno. 2012. MeshLab as a complete tool for the integration of photos and color with high resolution 3D geometry data. In CAA 2012 Conference Proceedings. Pallas Publications - Amsterdam University Press (AUP).

[33]

N. R. Kline. 2001. A Wheel of Memory: The Hereford Mappamundi. University of Michigan Press.

[34]

P. Robinson and K. Taylor. 1998. Publishing an electronic textual edition: The case of the wife of bath’s prologue on CD-ROM. Computers and the Humanities 32, 4 (1998), 271--284.

[35]

N. Smith. 2010. Digital infrastructure and the homer multitext project. In Digital Research in the Study of Classical Antiquity, Gabriel Bodard and Simon Mahony (Eds.). Ashgate Publishing, Burlington, VT, 121--137.

[36]

H. Sonnet, S. Carpendale, and T. Strothotte. 2005. Integration of 3d data and text: The effects of text positioning, connectivity, and visual hints on comprehension. In Proceedings of the 2005 IFIP TC13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (INTERACT’05). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 615--628.

Digital Library

[37]

S. Streuvels, M. de Smedt, and E. Vanhoutte. 2003. De Teleurgang van den Waterhoek. Amsterdam University Press.

[38]

M. Swanton (Ed.). 1970. The Dream of the Rood (Old and Middle English texts). Manchester University Press, Manchester.

[39]

TEI Consortium (Ed.). 2007. TEI P5: Guidelines for Electronic Text Encoding and Interchange. TEI Consortium, Charlottesville, VA. Retrieved from http://www.tei-c.org/Guidelines/P5/.

Cited By

Scopigno R(2021)Mixing Visual Media for Cultural HeritageEmerging Technologies and the Digital Transformation of Museums and Heritage Sites10.1007/978-3-030-83647-4_20(297-315)Online publication date: 3-Aug-2021
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83647-4_20
Lercari N(2017)Terrestrial Laser Scanning in the Age of SensingDigital Methods and Remote Sensing in Archaeology10.1007/978-3-319-40658-9_1(3-33)Online publication date: 11-Feb-2017
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40658-9_1

Index Terms

The Dream and the Cross: A 3D Scanning Project to Bring 3D Content in a Digital Edition
1. Computing methodologies
  1. Artificial intelligence
    1. Computer vision
      1. Image and video acquisition
        3D imaging
  2. Computer graphics
    1. Animation

Recommendations

Comparative Analysis Between the Main 3D Scanning Techniques: Photogrammetry, Terrestrial Laser Scanner, and Structured Light Scanner in Religious Imagery: The Case of The Holy Christ of the Blood
In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) scanning has become the main tool for recording, documenting, and preserving cultural heritage in the long term. It has become the “document” most in demand today by historians, curators, and art restorers to carry ...
Digital reunification of the parthenon and its sculptures
VAST'03: Proceedings of the 4th International conference on Virtual Reality, Archaeology and Intelligent Cultural Heritage

The location, condition, and number of the Parthenon sculptures present a considerable challenge to archeologists and researchers studying this monument. Although the Parthenon proudly stands on the Athenian Acropolis after nearly 2,500 years, many of ...
Bibliotheca Eugeniana Digital—Unveiling and Visualizing the Treasures of Prince Eugene of Savoy’s Library
Linking Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries
Abstract
The Bibliotheca Eugeniana is deemed one of the most important Baroque book collections worldwide. After the death of Eugene of Savoy and its acquisition by the Austrian National Library, it became integrated into the overall collection—but without ...

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage

Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage Volume 8, Issue 1

Special Issue on Best Papers from Digital Heritage 2013

February 2015

129 pages

ISSN:1556-4673

EISSN:1556-4711

DOI:10.1145/2740008

Editor:
Roberto Scopigno
CNR-ISTI, Italy

Issue’s Table of Contents

Copyright © 2015 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 25 February 2015

Accepted: 01 September 2014

Revised: 01 September 2014

Received: 01 April 2014

Published in JOCCH Volume 8, Issue 1

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article
Research
Refereed

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

2
Total Citations
View Citations
366
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)15
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0

Reflects downloads up to 01 Mar 2025

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Scopigno R(2021)Mixing Visual Media for Cultural HeritageEmerging Technologies and the Digital Transformation of Museums and Heritage Sites10.1007/978-3-030-83647-4_20(297-315)Online publication date: 3-Aug-2021
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83647-4_20
Lercari N(2017)Terrestrial Laser Scanning in the Age of SensingDigital Methods and Remote Sensing in Archaeology10.1007/978-3-319-40658-9_1(3-33)Online publication date: 11-Feb-2017
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40658-9_1

View Options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Article

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Figures

Tables

Media

View Issue’s Table of Contents