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Towards better affect detectors: effect of missing skills, class features and common wrong answers

Published: 16 March 2015 Publication History

Abstract

The well-studied Baker et al., affect detectors on boredom, frustration, confusion and engagement concentration with ASSISTments dataset were used to predict state tests scores, college enrollment, and even whether a student majored in a STEM field. In this paper, we present three attempts to improve upon current affect detectors. The first attempt analyzed the effect of missing skill tags in the dataset to the accuracy of the affect detectors. The results show a small improvement after correctly tagging the missing skill values. The second attempt added four features related to student classes for feature selection. The third attempt added two features that described information about student common wrong answers for feature selection. Result showed that two out of the four detectors were improved by adding the new features.

References

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Craig, S. D., Graesser, A. C., Sullins, J. and Gholson, B. 2004. Affect and learning: an exploratory look into the role of affect in learning with AutoTutor. Journal of Educational Media, 29(3), 241--250.
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Hawkins, W., Heffernan, N. and Baker, R. S. J. d. 2013. Which is more responsible for boredom in intelligent tutoring systems: students (trait) or problems (state)? Proceedings of the 5th biannual Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction, 618--623.
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Heffernan, N. T. 2014. ASSISTments Data. Accessed on January 30, 2015, from: https://sites.google.com/site/assistmentsdata/home/
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Ocumpaugh, J., Baker, R. S. and Rodrigo, M. M. A. 2012. Baker-Rodrigo Observation Method Protocol (BROMP) 1.0. Training Manual version 1.0. Technical Report. New York, NY: EdLab. Manila, Philippines: Ateneo Laboratory for the Learning Sciences.
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San Pedro, M. O. Z., Baker, R. S. J. d., Bowers, A. J. and Heffernan, N. T. 2013. Predicting college enrollment from student interaction with an Intelligent Tutoring System in middle school. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 177--184.
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      cover image ACM Other conferences
      LAK '15: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Learning Analytics And Knowledge
      March 2015
      448 pages
      ISBN:9781450334174
      DOI:10.1145/2723576
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      Published: 16 March 2015

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      Author Tags

      1. affect detection
      2. class features
      3. common wrong answers
      4. learning analytics
      5. measurement
      6. missing skill

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      LAK '15 Paper Acceptance Rate 20 of 74 submissions, 27%;
      Overall Acceptance Rate 236 of 782 submissions, 30%

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      • (2024)Detecção de Emoções na Aprendizagem de Programação: Os Efeitos de Usar Estimativas de Conhecimento em Modelos Livres de Sensores que Detectam a Confusão do AlunoRevista Brasileira de Informática na Educação10.5753/rbie.2024.343732(642-678)Online publication date: 31-Oct-2024
      • (2024)Psychological factors enhanced heterogeneous learning interactive graph knowledge tracing for understanding the learning processFrontiers in Psychology10.3389/fpsyg.2024.135919915Online publication date: 10-May-2024
      • (2024)A Survey of Knowledge Tracing: Models, Variants, and ApplicationsIEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies10.1109/TLT.2024.338332517(1898-1919)Online publication date: 2024
      • (2024)Improving Sensor-Free Affect Detection by Considering Students' Personality TraitsIEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies10.1109/TLT.2023.328000817(542-554)Online publication date: 2024
      • (2024)Generalisable sensor-free frustration detection in online learning environments using machine learningUser Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction10.1007/s11257-024-09402-434:4(1493-1527)Online publication date: 1-Sep-2024
      • (2023)Beyond Performance AnalyticsPerspectives on Learning Analytics for Maximizing Student Outcomes10.4018/978-1-6684-9527-8.ch009(168-187)Online publication date: 24-Oct-2023
      • (2023)A Preliminary Study on Learners’ Personal Traits for Modelling Learner Profiles in ITS: A Sensor-free Approach2023 IEEE 13th Symposium on Computer Applications & Industrial Electronics (ISCAIE)10.1109/ISCAIE57739.2023.10165219(287-292)Online publication date: 20-May-2023
      • (2023)Cluster Analysis Using Explainable AI for Confused Learners2023 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Computer Science and Data Engineering (CSDE)10.1109/CSDE59766.2023.10487715(1-6)Online publication date: 4-Dec-2023
      • (2023)GRU-Attention Interpretable Knowledge Tracking Model with Forgetting Law for Intelligent Education SystemArtificial Intelligence Logic and Applications10.1007/978-981-99-7869-4_25(311-324)Online publication date: 15-Nov-2023
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