Kostas Vardis
Andreas A. Vasilakis
Georgios Papaioannou
ABSTRACT
We introduce a generic method for interactive ray tracing, able to support complex and dynamic environments, without the need for precomputations or the maintenance of additional spatial data structures. Our method, which relies entirely on the rasterization pipeline, stores fragment information for the entire scene on a multiview and multilayer structure and marches through depth layers to capture both near and distant information for illumination computations. Ray tracing is efficiently achieved by concurrently traversing a novel cube-mapped A-buffer variant in image space that exploits GPU-accelerated double linked lists, decoupled storage, uniform depth subdivision and empty space skipping on a per-fragment basis. We illustrate the effectiveness and quality of our approach on path tracing and ambient occlusion implementations in scenarios, where full scene coverage is of major importance. Finally, we report on the performance and memory usage of our pipeline and compare it against GPGPU ray tracing approaches.
Supplemental Material
Available for Download
Supplemental material.
- Bauer, F., Knuth, M., Kuijper, A., and Bender, J. 2013. Screen-space ambient occlusion using A-buffer techniques. In International Conference on Computer-Aided Design and Computer Graphics (CAD/Graphics 2013), 140--147. Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Bittner, J., and Meister, D. 2015. T-SAH: Animation optimized bounding volume hierarchies. Computer Graphics Forum 34, 2, 527--536. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Crassin, C., Neyret, F., Sainz, M., Green, S., and Eisemann, E. 2011. Interactive indirect illumination using voxel cone tracing. Computer Graphics Forum 30, 7, 1921--1930.Google ScholarCross Ref
- de Rousiers, C., Bousseau, A., Subr, K., Holzschuch, N., and Ramamoorthi, R. 2011. Real-time rough refraction. In Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games, ACM, New York, NY, USA, I3D '11, 111--118. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ganestam, P., and Doggett, M. 2015. Real-time multiply recursive reflections and refractions using hybrid rendering. The Visual Computer 31, 10, 1395--1403. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Hu, W., Huang, Y., Zhang, F., Yuan, G., and Li, W. 2014. Ray tracing via GPU rasterization. The Visual Computer 30, 6-8, 697--706. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Mara, M., McGuire, M., Nowrouzezahrai, D., and Luebke, D. 2014. Fast global illumination approximations on deep G-buffers. Tech. Rep. NVR-2014-001, NVIDIA Corporation.Google Scholar
- McGuire, M., and Luebke, D. 2009. Hardware-accelerated global illumination by image space photon mapping. In Proceedings of the Conference on High Performance Graphics 2009, ACM, New York, NY, USA, HPG '09, 77--89. Google ScholarDigital Library
- McGuire, M., and Mara, M. 2014. Efficient GPU screen-space ray tracing. Journal of Computer Graphics Techniques (JCGT) 3, 4 (December), 73--85.Google Scholar
- Mittring, M. 2007. Finding next gen: Cryengine 2. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 courses, ACM, New York, NY, USA, 97--121. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Nalbach, O., Ritschel, T., and Seidel, H.-P. 2014. Deep screen space. In Proceedings of the 18th Meeting of the ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games, ACM, New York, NY, USA, I3D '14, 79--86. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Niessner, M., Schäfer, H., and Stamminger, M. 2010. Fast indirect illumination using layered depth images. The Visual Computer 26, 6-8, 679--686. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Parker, S. G., Bigler, J., Dietrich, A., Friedrich, H., Hoberock, J., Luebke, D., McAllister, D., McGuire, M., Morley, K., Robison, A., and Stich, M. 2010. Optix: A general purpose ray tracing engine. ACM Trans. Graph. 29, 4 (July), 66:1--66:13. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Uludag, Y. 2014. Hi-z screen-space cone-traced reflections. In GPU Pro 5, W. Engel, Ed. CRC Press, 149--192.Google Scholar
- Vardis, K., Papaioannou, G., and Gaitatzes, A. 2013. Multi-view ambient occlusion with importance sampling. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games, ACM, New York, NY, USA, I3D '13, 111--118. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Vasilakis, A. A., and Fudos, I. 2012. S-buffer: Sparsity-aware multi-fragment rendering. In Proceedings of Eurographics 2012 Short Papers, EG '12, 101--104.Google Scholar
- Vasilakis, A.-A., and Fudos, I. 2013. Depth-fighting aware methods for multifragment rendering. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 19, 6, 967--977. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Widmer, S., Pajak, D., Schulz, A., Pulli, K., Kautz, J., Goesele, M., and Luebke, D. 2015. An adaptive acceleration structure for screen-space ray tracing. In Proceedings of the 7th Conference on High-Performance Graphics, ACM, New York, NY, USA, HPG '15, 67--76. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Yang, J. C., Hensley, J., Grun, H., and Thibieroz, N. 2010. Real-time concurrent linked list construction on the GPU. Computer Graphics Forum 29, 4, 1297--1304. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Zirr, T., Rehfeld, H., and Dachsbacher, C. 2014. Object-order ray tracing for fully dynamic scenes. In GPU Pro 5, W. Engel, Ed. CRC Press, 419--438.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- A multiview and multilayer approach for interactive ray tracing
Recommendations
Ray tracing via GPU rasterization
Ray tracing is a dominant method for generating a wide variety of global illumination effects, such as reflections/refractions, shadows, etc. In this paper, we propose an efficient technique to perform nearly accurate ray tracing using the programmable ...
Use of hardware Z-buffered rasterization to accelerate ray tracing
SAC '07: Proceedings of the 2007 ACM symposium on Applied computingRay tracing is a rendering technique for producing realistic 3D computer graphics. Compared to traditional scan-line rendering which is generally adopted by graphics pipeline, ray tracing can simulate more realistic global illumination, however, with ...
A hybrid GPU rasterized and ray traced rendering pipeline for real time rendering of per pixel effects
ICEC'12: Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Entertainment ComputingRendering in 3D games typically uses rasterization approaches in order to guarantee interactive frame rates, since ray tracing, a superior method for rendering photorealistic images, has greater computational cost. With the advent of massively parallel ...
Comments