research-article

Analysis of Several Image Steganography Techniques in Spatial Domain: A Survey

Authors:

Munesh Chandra Trivedi,

Shivani Sharma,

Virendra Kumar YadavAuthors Info & Claims

ICTCS '16: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for Competitive Strategies

Article No.: 84, Pages 1 - 7

https://doi.org/10.1145/2905055.2905294

Published: 04 March 2016 Publication History

Abstract

Steganography enables user to hide confidential data in any digital medium such that its existence cannot be concealed by the third party. Several research work is being is conducted to improve steganography algorithm's efficiency. Recent trends in computing technology use steganography as an important tool for hiding confidential data. This paper summarizes some of the research work conducted in the field of image steganography in spatial domain along with their advantages and disadvantages. Future research work and experimental results of some techniques is also being discussed. The key goal is to show the powerful impact of steganography in information hiding and image processing domain.

References

[1]

Anderson R.J., "Stretching the Limits of Steganography", Springer Lecture, pp. Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2 39--48, 1996.

Digital Library

[2]

Westfeld A, J., Camenish et al., "Steganography for Radio Amateurs- A DSSS Based Approach for Slow Scan Television", Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 201--215, 2007.

Digital Library

[3]

Timothy J. Ross, Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications, Third Edition Paperback -- March 1, 2010.

[4]

Souvik Bhattacharyya, Indradip Banerjee and Gautam Sanyal, "A Survey of Steganography and Steganalysis Technique in Image, Text, Audio and Video as Cover Carrier", Journal of Global Research in Computer Science(JGRCS), Volume 2, No. 4, April 2011.

[5]

Diwedi Samidha et al., "Random Image Steganography in Spatial Domain", IEEE, 2013.

[6]

C.V. Serdean, M. Tomlinson, J. Wade, A.M. Ambroze, "Protecting Intellectual Rights: Digital Watermarking in the wavelet domain", IEEE Int. Workshop Trends and Recent Achievements in IT, pp. 16--18, 2002.

[7]

Adnan Abdul-Aziz Gutub, "Pixel Indicator Technique for RGB Image Steganography", JOURNAL OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES IN WEB INTELLIGENCE, VOL. 2, NO. 1, FEBRUARY 2010.

[8]

Ankit Chaudhary et al., "A Hash Based Approach For Secure Keyless Steganography in Lossless RGB Images", IEEE, Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems and Workshops (ICUMT), 3-5 Oct. 2012.

[9]

Gutub Adnan Abdul-Aziz. 2010. Pixel indicator technique for RGB image steganography. J. of Emerging Technologies in Web Intelligence. 2,1 (Feb. 2010), 56--64.

[10]

Roy, Sankar. and Parekh, Ranjan. 2011. A Secure Keyless Image Steganography Approach for Lossless RGB Images. In Proceedings of ACM ICCCS-2011 (Rourkela, Odhisha, India, Feb. 11-12, 2011), 573--576.

Digital Library

[11]

D.C. Wu. and W.H. Tsai. A steganographic method for images by pixel value differencing. Pattern Recognition Letters, 24:1613--1626, 2003.

Digital Library

[12]

R. Amritharajan, R. Akila, P. Deepikachowdavarapu, "A Comparative Analysis of Image Steganography", International Journal of Computer Applications, Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 41--47, 2010.

[13]

K.C. Chang, C.P Chang, P.S. Huang, and T.M. Tu, "A Novel Image Steganographic Method Using Triway Pixel-Value Differencing," Journal of Multimedia, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 37--44, June 2008.

[14]

J.K. Mandal, Debashis Das "Steganography Using Adaptive Pixel Value Differencing (APVD) for Gray Images through Exclusion of Underflow/Overflow", Computer Science & Information Series, ISBN: 978-1-921987-03-8, pp. 93--102, 2012.

[15]

H.C. Wu, N.I. Wu, C.S. Tsai, and M.S. Hwang, "Image steganographic scheme based on pixel-value differencing and LSB replacement methods," IEE Proceedings on Vision, Image and Signal Processing, Vol. 152, No. 5, pp. 611--615, 2005.

[16]

V.Nagaraj et al., "Color Image Steganography based on Pixel Value Modification Method Using Modulus Function", International Conference on Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Elsevier, 2013.

[17]

Ratnakirti Roy et al., "Chaos based Edge Adaptive Image Steganography", Elsevier nternational Conference on Computational Intelligence: Modeling Techniques and Applications (CIMTA) 2013.

[18]

Manglem Singh, Birendra Singh and Shyam Sundar Singh, "Hiding Encrypted Message in the Features of Images," IJCSNS, vol. 7, no. 4, April 2007.

[19]

H. C. Wu, N. I. Wu, C. S. Tsai, and M. S. Hwang, "Image steganographic scheme based on pixel-value differencing and LSB replacement methods," Proceedings of 2005 Instrument Electric Engineering, Vis. Images Signal Process, vol. 152, no. 5pp. 611--615, 2005.

[20]

Sonka, M., Hlavac, V. and Boyle, Image processing, analysis, and machine vision, Thomson Brooks/ Cole, 1999.

Digital Library

[21]

Wen-Jan Chen a, Chin-Chen Chang, T. Hoang Ngan Le, "High payload steganography mechanism using hybrid edge detector," Expert Systems with Applications, vol. 37, pp. 3292--3301, 2010.

Digital Library

[22]

John Canny," A computational approach to edge detection", IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 8, No. 6, pp. 679--698, Nov. 1986.

Digital Library

[23]

V. I. Arnold; A. Avez, "Ergodic Problems in Classical Mechanics", Benjamin, New York, 1968.

[24]

Ron Crandall, "Some Notes on Steganography", Posted on Steganography Mailing List, 1998. Source: http://www.dia.unisa.it/~ads/corsosecurity/www/CORSO-0203/steganografia/LINKS%20LOCALI/matrix-encoding.pdf.

[25]

X. Li, B. Yang, D. Cheng, and T. Zeng, "A generalization of lsb matching", IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 69--72, 2009.

[26]

Bin Li, Junhui He, Jiwu Huang, Yun Qing Shi, "A Survey on Image Steganography and Steganalysis", Journal of Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing, Vol. 2, No. 2, April 2011, pp. 141--173.

[27]

a. L. M. Jean-Bernard Martens, "Image dissimilarity", Signal Processing, vol. 70, no. 3, pp. 155--176, 1998.

Digital Library

[28]

Yusra A. Y. Al-Najjar, Dr. Der Chen Soong, "Comparison of Image Quality Assessment: PSNR, HVS, SSIM, UIQI", International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 3, Issue 8, August-2012 ISSN 2229-5518.

[29]

V. K. Yadav, et al. "Zero Distortion Technique: An Approach to Image Steganography on color images". In Proc. International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for Competitive Strategies, ICTCS '14, November 14-16 pages 79--83 (Published by ICPS-ACM, Proceedings Volume ISBN No: 978-1-4503-3216-3).

[30]

V. K. Yadav, et al. "A Novel Approach of Bulk Data Hiding using Text Steganography". Accepted in Third International Conference on Recent Trends in Computing (ICRTC 2015) will be held in SRM University, NCR Campus, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, India during March 12th-13th, 2015". Publisher: Elsevier Procedia Computer Science Journal.

[31]

V. K. Yadav, et al. "Variable Text Generation: A Novel Technique to Generate Random Text". In Proc. Sixth International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks 2014, CICN 2014, pages 102--105 (Available at IEEE Xplore).

Digital Library

[32]

V.K. Yadav, et al. "ICSECV: An Efficient Approach of Video Encryption". In Proc. Contemporary Computing (IC3), 2014 Seventh International Conference, 7-9 Aug. 2014, Pages: 425 --430 (Available at IEEE Xplorer and DBLP, indexed by SCOPUS).

[33]

V.K. Yadav, et al. "Zero Distortion Technique: An Approach to Image Steganography using Strength of Indexed Based Chaotic Sequence". In SSCC-2014, symposium proceedings published by Springer in Communications in Computer and Information Science Series(CCIS), Volume 467, 2014, pp 407--416, ISSN: 1865:0929.

[34]

V.K. Yadav, et al. "Hiding Large Amount of Data using a New Approach of Video Steganography". In Proc. Fourth International conference Confluence 2013: The Next Generation Information Technology Summit, Sept 27-28, Page(s): 337--343 (available at IET and IEEE xplorer).

[35]

V.K. Yadav, et al. "A New Video Encryption Algorithm Based on Indexed Based Chaotic Sequence". In Proc. Fourth International conference Confluence 2013: The Next Generation Information Technology Summit, Sept 27-28, Page(s): 139--143 (available at IET and IEEE xplorer).

[36]

V.K. Yadav, et al. "CUIM: An Approach to deal with Fake Accounts on facebook" In Proc. Second International Conference on "Emerging Research in Computing, Information, Communication and Applications", ERCICA-2014, Volume-1, pages 675--680 (Publisher: Elsevier, ISBN: 9789351072607).

Cited By

Rahman SUddin JZakarya MHussain HKhan AAhmed AHaleem M(2023)A Comprehensive Study of Digital Image Steganographic TechniquesIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2023.323739311(6770-6791)Online publication date: 2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3237393
Trivedi MDas SPrasad RJoshi R(2023)Metamorphic Cryptography Using Concept of Spiral Transposition and LSBs Approach Using Audio as Carrier MediumProceedings of 7th ASRES International Conference on Intelligent Technologies10.1007/978-981-99-1912-3_20(217-227)Online publication date: 6-Jul-2023
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1912-3_20
Saliban ASong Y(2022)An Image-Based Information Hiding Approach with Chaotic Systems and Optimized SecurityCurrent Chinese Computer Science10.2174/26659972026662203291838062:1Online publication date: Apr-2022
https://doi.org/10.2174/2665997202666220329183806
Show More Cited By

Analysis of Several Image Steganography Techniques in Spatial Domain: A Survey
1. Computing methodologies
  1. Artificial intelligence
    1. Computer vision
  2. Computer graphics

Recommendations

Efficient Multi-bit Image Steganography in Spatial Domain
ICISS 2013: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Information Systems Security - Volume 8303

An LSB-based image steganography algorithm hides information in the least significant bits of the pixel intensities of a cover image. But such a method has a very low embedding capacity compared to a multi-bit embedding scheme. The latter is very ...
Robust color image watermarking technique in the spatial domain

This paper proposes a new blind watermarking algorithm, which embedding the binary watermark into the blue component of a RGB image in the spatial domain, to resolve the problem of protecting copyright. For embedding watermark, the generation principle ...
Performance Comparison of Novel, Robust Spatial Domain Digital Image Watermarking with the Conventional Frequency Domain Watermarking Techniques
ICSAP '10: Proceedings of the 2010 International Conference on Signal Acquisition and Processing

Data authentication is one of the primary requisites in present day communication systems. In image processing, data authentication is implemented by using watermarking techniques. Nevertheless, whatever be the technique of watermarking, one of the ...

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Other conferences

ICTCS '16: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for Competitive Strategies

March 2016

843 pages

ISBN:9781450339629

DOI:10.1145/2905055

Copyright © 2016 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 04 March 2016

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article
Research
Refereed limited

Conference

ICTCS '16

ICTCS '16: Second International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for Competitive Strategies

March 4 - 5, 2016

Udaipur, India

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 97 of 270 submissions, 36%

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

15
Total Citations
View Citations
277
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)14
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0

Reflects downloads up to 02 Mar 2025

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Rahman SUddin JZakarya MHussain HKhan AAhmed AHaleem M(2023)A Comprehensive Study of Digital Image Steganographic TechniquesIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2023.323739311(6770-6791)Online publication date: 2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3237393
Trivedi MDas SPrasad RJoshi R(2023)Metamorphic Cryptography Using Concept of Spiral Transposition and LSBs Approach Using Audio as Carrier MediumProceedings of 7th ASRES International Conference on Intelligent Technologies10.1007/978-981-99-1912-3_20(217-227)Online publication date: 6-Jul-2023
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1912-3_20
Saliban ASong Y(2022)An Image-Based Information Hiding Approach with Chaotic Systems and Optimized SecurityCurrent Chinese Computer Science10.2174/26659972026662203291838062:1Online publication date: Apr-2022
https://doi.org/10.2174/2665997202666220329183806
Kasapbasi MBayam I(2022)A New Improved LSB Chaotic Image Steganography Scheme2022 Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering (ElConRus)10.1109/ElConRus54750.2022.9755617(332-335)Online publication date: 25-Jan-2022
https://doi.org/10.1109/ElConRus54750.2022.9755617
Joshi RTrivedi MGoyal VBhati D(2022)Recent Trends for Practicing Steganography Using Audio as Carrier: A StudyAdvances in Data and Information Sciences10.1007/978-981-19-5292-0_52(549-555)Online publication date: 25-Nov-2022
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5292-0_52
Trivedi MPrasad RGoyal V(2022)DDNA: A Modified Concept to DNA CryptographyAdvances in Data and Information Sciences10.1007/978-981-16-5689-7_8(91-97)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2022
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5689-7_8
Salih NMohamadi SHaji LAhmed O(2021)Implementation of Steganography in Speech Signal Using Spread Spectrum Modulation and Differential Method in Wireless Communication Systems2021 International Conference on Advance of Sustainable Engineering and its Application (ICASEA)10.1109/ICASEA53739.2021.9733069(213-218)Online publication date: 27-Oct-2021
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASEA53739.2021.9733069
C. Alipour MD. Gerardo BP. Medina R(2020)LSB Substitution Image Steganography Based on Randomized Pixel Selection and One-Time Pad EncryptionProceedings of the 2020 2nd International Conference on Big-data Service and Intelligent Computation10.1145/3440054.3440055(1-6)Online publication date: 3-Dec-2020
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3440054.3440055
Ren SWang MShahzad KGao ZXu J(2020)Multi-Carrier Information Hiding Algorithm Based on Angle Structure DescriptorIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2020.30065608(122565-122578)Online publication date: 2020
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3006560
Dhawan SGupta R(2020)Analysis of various data security techniques of steganography: A surveyInformation Security Journal: A Global Perspective10.1080/19393555.2020.1801911(1-25)Online publication date: 12-Aug-2020
https://doi.org/10.1080/19393555.2020.1801911
Show More Cited By

View Options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Figures

Tables

Media

View Table of Conten