skip to main content
10.1145/2912160.2912185acmotherconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication Pagesdg-oConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

One-Sided Conversations: The 2012 Presidential Election on Twitter

Published:08 June 2016Publication History

ABSTRACT

Technology has been promoted as a way to facilitate interactions across disparate groups of people. Political discourse has been historically constrained by geographic proximity of participants. The introduction of the Internet and specifically social media has altered these geographic constraints and political discourse is now one of the most prevalent activities in social media. As more individuals begin to use technology for political activity, understanding how the technology is used becomes increasingly important. Previous research exploring political discourse on social media has focused on one discrete event or a narrow time period. This narrow focus limits the understanding of the complex election environment. This study takes a longitudinal approach to examine the use of conversational syntactical features in Twitter derived from a 53 million Twitter message corpus collected during the 2012 Presidential Election (August 20, 2012 -- November 13, 2012). This study identifies that, although candidates and media are the most talked about and talked to, these interactions elicit no response. The lack of response is counter to many of the perceived benefits of social media. These findings have implications for understanding how the public uses social media to engage with political candidates and the possibilities for how technology could be altered to better facilitate these interactions.

References

  1. Agre, P. E. 2002. Real-time Politics: The Internet and the Political Process. The Information Society. 18, 311--331.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  2. Agre, P. E. 2004 The Practical Republic: Social Skills and the Progress of Citizenship. In Community in the Digital Age, A. Feenberg, Ed Rowman and Littlefield.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  3. Ancu, M. and Cozma, R. 2009. MySpace Politics: Uses and Gratifications of Befriending Candidates. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media. 53, 4, 567--583.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  4. Bakshy, E., Hofman, J. M., Mason, W. A., and Watts, D. J. 2011. Everyone's an influencer: quantifying influence on twitter. Proceedings of the fourth ACM international conference on Web search and data mining, 65--74. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  5. Black, A., Mascaro, C., Gallagher, M., and Goggins, S. 2012. TwitterZombie: Architecture for Capturing, Socially Transforming and Analyzing the Twittersphere. ACM Group. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  6. Bruns, A. and Stieglitz, S. 2012. Quantitative approaches to comparing communication patterns on Twitter. Journal of Technology in Human Services. 30, 3--4, 160--185.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  7. Bruns, A. and Stieglitz, S. 2012. Quantitative approaches to comparing communication patterns on Twitter. Journal of Technology in Human Services. 30, 3--4, 160--185.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  8. Cha, M., Haddadi, H., Benevenuto, F., and Gummadi, K. P. 2010. Measuring User Influence in Twitter: The Million Follower Fallacy. ICWSM. 4th.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  9. Dahlberg, L. 2001. The Internet and Democratic Discourse: Exploring the prospects of online deliberative forums extending the public sphere. Information, Community & Society. 4, 4, 615--633.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  10. Davis, R. 1998 The web of politics: The Internet's impact on the American political system. Oxford University Press, Inc. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  11. Dewey, J. 1927 The Public and Its Problems. Holt Publishers.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  12. Diakopoulos, N. A. and Shamma, D. A. 2010. Characterizing Debate Performance via Aggregated Twitter Seniment. CHI. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  13. Fiore, A. T., LeeTiernan, S., and Smith, M. A. 2002. Observed Behavior and Perceived Value of Authors in Usenet Newsgroups: Bridging the Gap. CHI. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  14. Fisher, D., Smith, M., and Welser, H. T. 2006. You are Who You Talk to: Detecting Roles in Usenet Newgroups. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  15. Fishkin, J. S. 1997 The voice of the people: Public opinion and democracy. Yale Univ Pr.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  16. Foot, K. A. and Schneider, S. M. 2002. Online Action in Campaign 2000: An Exploratory Analysis of the U.S. Political Web Sphere. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media. 46, 2, 222--244.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  17. Freelon, D. G. 2010. Analyzing online political discussion using three models of democratic communication. new media & society. 12, 7, 1172--1190.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  18. Freelon, D. G. 2010. Analyzing Online Political Discussion Using Three Modes of Democratic Communication. New Media & Society. 12, 1172--1190.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  19. Gonzalez-Bailon, S., Kaltenbrunner, A., and Banchs, R. E. 2010. The structure of political discussion networks: a model for the analysis of online deliberation. Journal of Information Technology. 2010, 1--14.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  20. Habermas, J. 1984 The theory of communicative action. Beacon Press.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  21. Habermas, J. 1991 The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society. MIT Press.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  22. Habermas, J., Lennox, S., and Lennox, F. 1974. The Public Sphere: An Encyclopedia Article. New German Critique. 3, 49--55.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  23. Habermas, J. 1989. The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere, trans. Thomas Burger. Cambridge: MIT Press. 85, 85--92.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  24. Honeycutt, C. and Herring, S. C. 2009. Beyond Microblogging: Conversation and Collaboration via Twitter. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. 43. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  25. Huberman, B., Romero, D., and Wu, F. 2008. Social networks that matter: Twitter under the microscope.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  26. Jacobson, J. and Mascaro, C. 2016. Movember: Twitter conversations of a hairy social movement. Social Media & Society. Social Media & Society. in press.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  27. Kelly, J., Fisher, D., and Smith, M. 2005. Debate, division and diversity: Political discourse networks in USENET Groups. Online Deliberation Conference.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  28. Lippmann, W. 1925 The Phantom Public. Transaction Publishing.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  29. Marwick, A. E. and boyd, d. 2011. I tweet honestly, I tweet passionately: Twitter users, context collapse, and the imagined audience. New Media Society. 13.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  30. Mascaro, C., Agosto, D., and Goggins, S. 2016. The Method to the Madness: The 2012 United States Presidential Election Twitter Corpus. International Conference on Social Media & Society.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  31. Mascaro, C. and Goggins, S. 2015. Technologically Mediated Political Discourse During a Nationally Televised GOP Primary Debate. Journal of Information Technology & Politics. 12, 3, 252--269.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  32. Mascaro, C., Black, A., Gallagher, M., and Goggins, S. 2012. The 2012 Wisconsin Gubernatorial Recall Twitter Corpus. Available at SSRN 2159303.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  33. Mascaro, C., Novak, A., and Goggins, S. 2012. Shepherding and Censorship: Discourse Management in the Tea Party Patriots Facebook Group. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (E-Government Track). 45. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  34. McCarthy, J. D. and Zald, M. N. 1987 Social Movements in an Organizational Society: Collected Essays. Transaction.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  35. Papacharissi, Z. A. 2002. The virtual sphere: The internet as a public sphere. New Media & Society. 4, 1, 9--27.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  36. Papacharissi, Z. A. 2004. Democracy online: civility, politeness, and the democratic potential of online political discussion groups. New Media & Society. 6, 2, 259--283.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  37. Papacharissi, Z. A. 2010 A Private Sphere: Democracy in a Digital Age. Polity Press.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  38. Putnam, R. 2001 Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. Simon & Schuster.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  39. Quercia, D., Ellis, J., Capra, L., and Crowcroft, J. 2012. Tracking "Gross Community Happiness" from Tweets. CSCW. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  40. Robertson, S. P., Vatrapu, R. K., and Medina, R. 2009. The Social Life of Social Networks: Facebook Linkage Patterns in the 2008 U.S. Presidential Election. International Digital Government Research. 6--15. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  41. Robertson, S. P., Vatrapu, R. K., and Medina, R. 2010. Off the wall political discourse: Facebook use in the 2008 U.S. Presidential election. Information Polity. 15, 11--31. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  42. Rossi, L. and Magnani, M. 2012. Conversation Practices and Network Structure in Twitter. Sixth International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and ....Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  43. Shamma, D. A., Kennedy, L., and Churchill, E. F. 2009. Tweet the debates: understanding community annotation of uncollected sources. Proceedings of the first SIGMM workshop on Social media. 3--10. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  44. Sweetser, K. D. and Weaver Lariscy, R. 2008. Candidates Make Good Friends: An Analysis of Candidates' Uses of Facebook. International Journal of Strategic Communication. 2, 3, 175--198.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  45. Viegas, F. B. and Smith, M. 2004. Newsgroup Crowds and AuthorLines: Visualizing the Activity of Individuals in Conversational Cyberspaces. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. 37. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  46. Walton, D. 2007. Revitalizing the public sphere: The current system of discourse and the need for the participative design of social action. Systemic Practice and Action Research. 20, 5, 369--386.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  47. Werry, C. C. 1996 Linguistic and interactional features of Internet Relay Chat. In Computer-mediated communication: Linguistic, social and cross-cultural perspectives, S. C. Herring, Ed John Benjamins.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  48. White, S. K. 1989 The recent work of Jürgen Habermas: Reason, justice and modernity. Cambridge Univ Pr.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  49. Williams, C. and Gulati, G. J. 2007. Social Networks in Political Campaigns: Facebook and the 2006 Midterm Elections. American Political Science Association.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  50. Wojcieszak, M. E. and Mutz, D. 2009. Online Groups and Political Discourse: Do Online Discussion Spaces Facilitate Exposure to Political Disagreement? Journal of Communication. 59, 2009, 40--56.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  51. Yardi, S. and Boyd, D. 2010. Dynamic debates: An analysis of group polarization over time on twitter. Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society. 30, 5, 316--327.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  52. Yardi, S. and boyd, d. 2010. Tweeting from the Town Square: Measuring Geographic Local Networks. ICWSM. 4th.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  53. Zelenkauskaite, A. and Herring, S. C. 2008. Television-mediated conversation: Coherence in Italian iTV SMS Chat. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. 41. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library

Recommendations

Comments

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Sign in
  • Published in

    cover image ACM Other conferences
    dg.o '16: Proceedings of the 17th International Digital Government Research Conference on Digital Government Research
    June 2016
    532 pages
    ISBN:9781450343398
    DOI:10.1145/2912160

    Copyright © 2016 ACM

    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    • Published: 8 June 2016

    Permissions

    Request permissions about this article.

    Request Permissions

    Check for updates

    Qualifiers

    • research-article
    • Research
    • Refereed limited

    Acceptance Rates

    Overall Acceptance Rate150of271submissions,55%

PDF Format

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader