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Optimization of non-linear image registration in AFNI

Published: 17 July 2016 Publication History

Abstract

The Analysis of Functional Neuroimaging (AFNI) suite [1], a set of C programs and auxiliary scripts for processing, analyzing, and displaying functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data (a technique for mapping human brain activity), is a widely adopted open-source tool in the MRI data analysis community. For many types of analysis pipelines, a key step is to register a subject's image to a pre-defined template so different images can be compared within a normalized coordinate. Although a 12-point affine transformation that includes translation, rotation, scaling, and shear works fine for some standard cases, it is usually found to be insufficient for voxel-wise types of analyses. The need for some other approach is exacerbated if the subject has brain atrophy due to some kind of neurological conditions such as Parkinson's disease. The 3dQwarp code in AFNI is a non-linear image registration procedure that overcomes the drawbacks of a canonical affine transformation. However, the existing OpenMP parallelization in 3dQwarp does not scale well when warping at an ultra fine level, and the hard-coded number of iterations of the iterative algorithm also limits the accuracy. Based on profiling and benchmark analysis, we improve the parallel efficiency of 3dQwarp by the optimization of its OpenMP structure and obtain about a 2x speedup for a normalized workload. With the incorporation of convergence criteria, we are able to perform warping at a much finer resolution than before and achieve on average 20% improvement in accuracy with respect to Pearson correlation measure.

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cover image ACM Other conferences
XSEDE16: Proceedings of the XSEDE16 Conference on Diversity, Big Data, and Science at Scale
July 2016
405 pages
ISBN:9781450347556
DOI:10.1145/2949550
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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Published: 17 July 2016

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Author Tags

  1. AFNI
  2. Image Registration
  3. Neuroimaging Analysis
  4. Parkinson's Disease Detection

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Overall Acceptance Rate 129 of 190 submissions, 68%

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Cited By

View all
  • (2020)HihO: accelerating artificial intelligence interpretability for medical imaging in IoT applications using hierarchical occlusionNeural Computing and Applications10.1007/s00521-020-05379-4Online publication date: 1-Oct-2020
  • (2019)Towards a Framework for Validating Machine Learning Results in Medical ImagingPractice and Experience in Advanced Research Computing 2019: Rise of the Machines (learning)10.1145/3332186.3332193(1-5)Online publication date: 28-Jul-2019
  • (2019)A longitudinal neurite and free water imaging study in patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorderNeuropsychopharmacology10.1038/s41386-019-0427-3Online publication date: 1-Jun-2019
  • (2018)High Performance/Throughput Computing Workflow for a Neuro-Imaging Application: Provenance and ApproachesBig Data and Visual Analytics10.1007/978-3-319-63917-8_15(245-256)Online publication date: 17-Jan-2018

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