ABSTRACT
Business apps support the digitalization of business operations by utilizing the potential of ubiquitous mobile devices. Whereas many frameworks for programming cross-platform apps exist, few modeling approaches focus on platform-agnostic representations of mobile apps. In addition, development is mainly executed by software developers, while domain experts are rarely involved in the actual app creation. The MAML framework is proposed as model-driven approach also targeting non-technical users. Data, views, business logic, and user interactions are jointly modeled from a process perspective using a graphical domain-specific language. An inference mechanism is presented to merge partial data models into a global specification. Through model transformations, apps are then automatically generated for multiple platforms without writing code manually.
- R. Acerbis, A. Bongio, S. Butti, and M. Brambilla. Model-driven development of cross-platform mobile applications with webratio and ifml. In Proceedings of the Second ACM International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems, MOBILESoft '15, pages 170--171. IEEE Press, 2015. Google ScholarDigital Library
- A. Bangor, P. Kortum, and J. Miller. Determining what individual sus scores mean: Adding an adjective rating scale. J. Usability Studies, 4(3):114--123, 2009. Google ScholarDigital Library
- S. Barnett, I. Avazpour, R. Vasa, and J. Grundy. A multi-view framework for generating mobile apps. IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC), pages 305--306, 2015. Google ScholarCross Ref
- L. Bettini. Implementing domain-specific languages with Xtext and Xtend. Community experience distilled. Packt Pub, Birmingham, UK, 2013. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Bizness Apps. Mobile app maker | bizness apps. http://biznessapps.com/, 2016.Google Scholar
- M. Brambilla, M. Dosmi, and P. Fraternali. Model-driven engineering of service orchestrations. SERVICES 2009 - 5th 2009 World Congress on Services, 2009. Google ScholarDigital Library
- M. Brambilla, A. Mauri, and E. Umuhoza. Extending the interaction flow modeling language (ifml) for model driven development of mobile applications front end. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 8640:176--191, 2014. Google ScholarCross Ref
- R. Breu, A. Kuntzmann-Combelles, and M. Felderer. New perspectives on software quality. IEEE Software, 31(1):32--38, 2014. Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. Brooke. Sus-a quick and dirty usability scale. Usability evaluation in industry, 189(194):4--7, 1996.Google Scholar
- Bubble Group. Bubble - visual programming. https://bubble.is/, 2016.Google Scholar
- C. Cappiello, M. Matera, M. Picozzi, A. Caio, and M. T. Guevara. Mobimash: End user development for mobile mashups. WWW'12 - Proceedings of the 21st Annual Conference on World Wide Web Companion, pages 473--474, 2012. Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. Danado and F. Paternò. Puzzle: A visual-based environment for end user development in touch-based mobile phones. In M. Winckler, P. Forbrig, and R. Bernhaupt, editors, Human-Centered Software Engineering: 4th International Conference, HCSE 2012, pages 199--216. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. Google ScholarDigital Library
- W. S. El-Kassas, B. A. Abdullah, A. H. Yousef, and A. M. Wahba. Taxonomy of cross-platform mobile applications development approaches. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, pages -, 2015.Google Scholar
- J. Ernsting, C. Rieger, F. Wrede, and T. A. Majchrzak. Refining a reference architecture for model-driven business apps. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technologies (WEBIST 2016), pages 307--316, 2016. Google ScholarCross Ref
- D. Esperalta. Decsoft - App Builder. https://www.davidesperalta.com/appbuilder, 2016.Google Scholar
- R. B. France, S. Ghosh, T. Dinh-Trong, and A. Solberg. Model-driven development using uml 2.0: Promises and pitfalls. Computer, 39(2):59--66, 2006. Google ScholarDigital Library
- R. Francese, M. Risi, G. Scanniello, and G. Tortora. Model-driven development for multi-platform mobile applications. In P. Abrahamsson, L. Corral, M. Oivo, and B. Russo, editors, Product-Focused Software Process Improvement: 16th International Conference, PROFES 2015, pages 61--67. Springer Intl. Publishing, 2015. Google ScholarDigital Library
- M. Franzago, H. Muccini, and I. Malavolta. Towards a collaborative framework for the design and development of data-intensive mobile applications. In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems, MOBILESoft 2014, pages 58--61. ACM, 2014. Google ScholarDigital Library
- E. Gamma, R. Helm, R. Johnson, and J. Vlissides. Design patterns: Elements of reusable object-oriented software. Addison-Wesley professional computing series. Addison-Wesley, Reading, Mass., 1995. Google ScholarDigital Library
- D. Granada, J. M. Vara, M. Brambilla, V. Bollati, and E. Marcos. Analysing the cognitive effectiveness of the webml visual notation. Software & Systems Modeling, 2015. Google ScholarDigital Library
- H. Heitkötter and T. A. Majchrzak. Cross-platform development of business apps with md2. In Proc. of the 8th Int. Conf. on Design Science at the Intersection of Physical and Virtual Design (DESRIST), volume 7939 of LNBIP, pages 405--411. Springer, 2013. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Z. Hemel and E. Visser. Declaratively programming the mobile web with mobl. In Proceedings of the 2011 ACM International Conference on Object Oriented Programming Systems Languages and Applications, OOPSLA '11, pages 695--712. ACM, 2011. Google ScholarDigital Library
- International Organization for Standardization. Iso 5807:1985, 1985.Google Scholar
- C. Jones and X. Jia. Using a domain specific language for lightweight model-driven development. In ENASE 2014, CCIS 551, pages 46--62, 2015. Google ScholarCross Ref
- D. Knuplesch, M. Reichert, L. T. Ly, A. Kumar, and S. Rinderle-Ma. Visual modeling of business process compliance rules with the support of multiple perspectives. In W. Ng, V. C. Storey, and J. C. Trujillo, editors, Conceptual Modeling: 32th International Conference, ER 2013, pages 106--120. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Y. Lin, J. Gray, and F. Jouault. Dsmdiff: a differentiation tool for domain-specific models. European Journal of Information Systems, 16(4):349--361, 2007. Google ScholarCross Ref
- Q. Liu, J. Gray, M. Mernik, and B. R. Bryant. Application of metamodel inference with large-scale metamodels. International Journal of Software and Informatics, 6(2):201--231, 2012.Google Scholar
- J. J. López-Fernández, J. S. Cuadrado, E. Guerra, and J. de Lara. Example-driven meta-model development. Software & Systems Modeling, 14(4):1323--1347, 2015. Google ScholarDigital Library
- T. A. Majchrzak and J. Ernsting. Reengineering an approach to model-driven development of business apps. In 8th SIGSAND/PLAIS EuroSymposium 2015, pages 15--31, 2015. Google ScholarCross Ref
- T. A. Majchrzak, J. Ernsting, and H. Kuchen. Achieving business practicability of model-driven cross-platform apps. OJIS, 2(2):3--14, 2015.Google Scholar
- M. Mernik, J. Heering, and A. M. Sloane. When and how to develop domain-specific languages. ACM Comput. Surv., 37(4):316--344, 2005. Google ScholarDigital Library
- N. F. Noy. Semantic integration: A survey of ontology-based approaches. SIGMOD Record, 33(4):65--70, 2004. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Object Management Group. Business process model and notation, version 2.0, 2011.Google Scholar
- Object Management Group. Interaction flow modeling language, version 1.0, 2015.Google Scholar
- Object Management Group. Unified modeling language, version 2.5, 2015.Google Scholar
- Pentaho Corp. Data integration - kettle. http://pentaho.com/product/data-integration, 2016.Google Scholar
- E. Rahm and P. A. Bernstein. A survey of approaches to automatic schema matching. VLDB Journal, 10(4):334--350, 2001. Google ScholarDigital Library
- C. Rieger. A data model inference algorithm for schemaless process modelling. In J. Becker, K. Backhaus, M. Dugas, B. Hellingrath, T. Hoeren, S. Klein, H. Kuchen, U. Müller-Funk, H. Trautmann, and G. Vossen, editors, Working Papers, European Research Center for Information Systems No. 28. Münster, 2016.Google Scholar
- C. Rieger. MAML code respository. https://github.com/wwu-pi/maml, 2016.Google Scholar
- J. Rivera and R. van der Meulen. Gartner says by 2018, more than 50 percent of users will use a tablet or smartphone first for all online activities. http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/2939217, 2014.Google Scholar
- C. Simons and G. Wirtz. Modeling context in mobile distributed systems with the uml. Journal of Visual Languages and Computing, 18(4):420--439, 2007. Google ScholarDigital Library
- E. Sutanta, R. Wardoyo, K. Mustofa, and E. Winarko. Survey: Models and prototypes of schema matching. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 6(3):1011--1022, 2016. Google ScholarCross Ref
- The Eclipse Foundation. Model-to-model transformation, https://projects.eclipse.org/projects/modeling.mmt, 2016.Google Scholar
- The Eclipse Foundation. Sirius. https://eclipse.org/sirius/, 2016.Google Scholar
- E. Umuhoza and M. Brambilla. Model driven development approaches for mobile applications: A survey. In M. Younas, I. Awan, N. Kryvinska, C. Strauss, and D. van Thanh, editors, Mobile Web and Intelligent Information Systems: 13th International Conference, MobiWIS 2016, pages 93--107. Springer Intl. Publishing, 2016. Google ScholarCross Ref
- W. van der Aalst. Formalization and verification of event-driven process chains. Information and Software Technology, 41(10):639--650, 1999. Google ScholarCross Ref
- D. Wolber. App inventor and real-world motivation. SIGCSE'11 - Proceedings of the 42nd ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, 2011. Google ScholarDigital Library
- U. Zdun and M. Strembeck. Reusable architectural decisions for dsl design: Foundational decisions in dsl development. In Proceedings of 14th European Conference on Pattern Languages of Programs (EuroPLoP 2009), pages 1--37, 2009.Google Scholar
- K. Zyla. Perspectives of simplified graphical domain-specific languages as communication tools in developing mobile systems for reporting life-threatening situations. Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric, 43(1), 2015.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Business apps with MAML: a model-driven approach to process-oriented mobile app development
Recommendations
Automatic code generation for cross-platform, multi-device mobile apps: some reflections from an industrial experience
MobileDeLi 2015: Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Mobile Development LifecycleWith the continuously increasing adoption of mobile devices, software development companies have new business opportunities through direct sales in app stores and delivery of business to employee (B2E) and business to business (B2B) solutions. However, ...
Cross-platform model-driven development of mobile applications with md2
SAC '13: Proceedings of the 28th Annual ACM Symposium on Applied ComputingMobile applications usually need to be provided for more than one operating system. Developing native apps separately for each platform is a laborious and expensive undertaking. Hence, cross-platform approaches have emerged, most of them based on Web ...
Towards Model-Driven Business Apps for Wearables
Mobile Web and Intelligent Information SystemsAbstractWith the rise of wearable devices expected to continue in the near future, traditional approaches of manually developing apps from scratch for each platform reach their limits. On the other hand, current cross-platform approaches are usually ...
Comments