skip to main content
10.1145/3099564.3099568acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesscaConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article
Public Access

Inequality cloth

Published: 28 July 2017 Publication History

Abstract

As has been noted and discussed by various authors, numerical simulations of deformable bodies often adversely suffer from so-called "locking" artifacts. We illustrate that the "locking" of out-of-plane bending motion that results from even an edge-spring-only cloth simulation can be quite severe, noting that the typical remedy of softening the elastic model leads to an unwanted rubbery look. We demonstrate that this "locking" is due to the well-accepted notion that edge springs in the cloth mesh should preserve their lengths, and instead propose an inequality constraint that stops edges from stretching while allowing for edge compression as a surrogate for bending. Notably, this also allows for the capturing of bending modes at scales smaller than those which could typically be represented by the mesh. Various authors have recently begun to explore optimization frameworks for deformable body simulation, which is particularly germane to our inequality cloth framework. After exploring such approaches, we choose a particular approach and illustrate its feasibility in a number of scenarios including contact, collision, and self-collision. Our results demonstrate the efficacy of the inequality approach when it comes to folding, bending, and wrinkling, especially on coarser meshes, thus opening up a plethora of interesting possibilities.

References

[1]
Ryoichi Ando, Nils Thürey, and Chris Wojtan. 2013. Highly Adaptive Liquid Simulations on Tetrahedral Meshes. ACM Trans. Graph. (SIGGRAPH Proc.) 32, 4 (2013), 103:1--103:10.
[2]
D. Baraff. 1996. Linear-time dynamics using Lagrange multipliers. In Proc. of ACM SIGGRAPH 1996. 137--146.
[3]
D. Baraff and A. Witkin. 1998. Large steps in cloth simulation. In Proc. SIGGRAPH 1998. 43--54.
[4]
D. Baraff, A. Witkin, and M. Kass. 2003. Untangling cloth. ACM Trans. Graph. (SIGGRAPH Proc.) 22 (2003), 862--870.
[5]
Sofien Bouaziz, Sebastian Martin, Tiantian Liu, Ladislav Kavan, and Mark Pauly. 2014. Projective Dynamics: Fusing Constraint Projections for Fast Simulation. ACM Trans. Graph. 33, 4, Article 154 (July 2014), 11 pages.
[6]
Stephen Boyd and Lieven Vandenberghe. 2004. Convex Optimization. Cambridge University Press.
[7]
D. E. Breen, D. H. House, and M. J. Wozny. 1994. Predicting the drape of woven cloth using interacting particles. Comput. Graph. (SIGGRAPH Proc.) (1994), 365--372.
[8]
R. Bridson, R. Fedkiw, and J. Anderson. 2002. Robust Treatment of Collisions, Contact and Friction for Cloth Animation. ACM Trans. Graph. (SIGGRAPH Proc.) 21, 3 (2002), 594--603.
[9]
R. Bridson, S. Marino, and R. Fedkiw. 2003. Simulation of clothing with folds and wrinkles. In Proc. of the 2003 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symp. on Comput. Anim. 28--36.
[10]
M. L. Bucalem and K. J. Bathe. 1997. Finite element analysis of shell structures. Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering 4, 1 (1997), 3--61.
[11]
K.-J. Choi and H.-S. Ko. 2002. Stable but responsive cloth. ACM Trans. Graph. (SIGGRAPH Proc.) 21 (2002), 604--611.
[12]
Gabriel Cirio, Jorge Lopez-Moreno, David Miraut, and Miguel A. Otaduy. 2014. Yarn-level Simulation of Woven Cloth. ACM Trans. Graph. 33, 6, Article 207 (Nov. 2014), 11 pages.
[13]
G. Cirio, J. Lopez-Moreno, and M. A. Otaduy. 2017. Yarn-Level Cloth Simulation with Sliding Persistent Contacts. IEEE Trans. on Vis. and Comput. Graph. 23, 2 (Feb 2017), 1152--1162.
[14]
Sergio Conti and Francesco Maggi. 2008. Confining Thin Elastic Sheets and Folding Paper. Arch. Rational Mech. Anal. 187 (2008), 1--48.
[15]
Elliot English and Robert Bridson. 2008. Animating Developable Surfaces Using Nonconforming Elements. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2008 Papers (SIGGRAPH '08). ACM, Article 66, 5 pages.
[16]
Marco Fratarcangeli, Valentina Tibaldo, and Fabio Pellacini. 2016. Vivace: A Practical Gauss-seidel Method for Stable Soft Body Dynamics. ACM Trans. Graph. 35, 6, Article 214 (Nov. 2016), 9 pages.
[17]
T. F. Gast and C. Schroeder. 2014. Optimization Integrator for Large Time Steps. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation (SCA '14). Eurographics Association, 31--40.
[18]
P. E. Gill, W. Murray, and M. H. Wright. 1981. Practical Optimization. Academic Press, San Diego, USA.
[19]
Russell Gillette, Craig Peters, Nicholas Vining, Essex Edwards, and Alla Sheffer. 2015. Real-time Dynamic Wrinkling of Coarse Animated Cloth. In Proceedings of the 14th ACM SIGGRAPH / Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation (SCA '15). ACM, 17--26.
[20]
R. Goldenthal, D. Harmon, R. Fattal, M. Bercovier, and E. Grinspun. 2007. Efficient Simulation of Inextensible Cloth. ACM Trans. Graph. 26, 3 (2007), 49.
[21]
H. Goldstein. 1950. Classical Mechanics. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.
[22]
G. Irving, C. Schroeder, and R. Fedkiw. 2007. Volume conserving finite element simulations of deformable models. ACM Trans. Graph. (SIGGRAPH Proc.) 26, 3 (2007), 13.1--13.6.
[23]
James T. Kajiya. 1986. The Rendering Equation. In Proceedings of the 13th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques (SIGGRAPH '86). ACM, 143--150.
[24]
Jonathan M. Kaldor, Doug L. James, and Steve Marschner. 2008. Simulating Knitted Cloth at the Yarn Level. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2008 Papers (SIGGRAPH '08).
[25]
Ladislav Kavan, Dan Gerszewski, Adam Bargteil, and Peter-Pike Sloan. 2011. Physics-inspired Upsampling for Cloth Simulation in Games. ACM Trans. Graph. 30 (2011).
[26]
Tae-Yong Kim, Nuttapong Chentanez, and Matthias Müller-Fischer. 2012. Long Range Attachments - a Method to Simulate Inextensible Clothing in Computer Games. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/Euro graphics Symposium on Computer Animation (SCA '12). 305--310.
[27]
Woojong Koh, Rahul Narain, and James F. O'Brien. 2014. View-dependent Adaptive Cloth Simulation. In Proc. of the ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symp. on Comput. Anim. (SCA '14). 159--166.
[28]
W. Koh, R. Narain, and J. F. O'Brien. 2015. View-Dependent Adaptive Cloth Simulation with Buckling Compensation. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 21, 10 (Oct 2015), 1138--1145.
[29]
Randall J. LeVeque. 2002. Finite volume methods for hyperbolic problems. Cambridge University Press.
[30]
Tiantian Liu, Adam W. Bargteil, James F. O'Brien, and Ladislav Kavan. 2013. Fast Simulation of Mass-spring Systems. ACM Trans. Graph. 32, 6, Article 214 (Nov. 2013), 7 pages.
[31]
Marek Krzysztof Misztal, Robert Bridson, Kenny Erleben, Jakob Andreas Bærentzen, and François Anton. 2010. Optimization-based Fluid Simulation on Unstructured Meshes. In Proc. of the 7th Workshop on Virtual Reality Interactions and Physical Simulations (VRIPhys2010). 11--20.
[32]
Matthias Müller and Nuttapong Chentanez. 2010. Wrinkle Meshes. In Proc. of the 2010 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symp. on Comput. Anim. (SCA '10).
[33]
Matthias Müller, Bruno Heidelberger, Marcus Hennix, and John Ratcliff. 2007. Position based dynamics. J. Visual Comm. and Image Repr. 18, 2 (2007), 109--118.
[34]
Rahul Narain, Matthew Overby, and George E. Brown. 2016. ADMM ⊇ Projective Dynamics: Fast Simulation of General Constitutive Models. In Proc. of the ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symp. on Comput. Anim. (SCA '16).
[35]
Rahul Narain, Tobias Pfaff, and James F. O'Brien. 2013. Folding and Crumpling Adaptive Sheets. ACM Trans. Graph. 32, 4 (2013), 51:1--51:8.
[36]
Rahul Narain, Armin Samii, and James F. O'Brien. 2012. Adaptive Anisotropic Remeshing for Cloth Simulation. ACM Transactions on Graphics (2012), 147:1--10. Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2012, Singapore.
[37]
G. Narita, Y. Watanabe, and M. Ishikawa. 2016. Dynamic Projection Mapping onto Deforming Non-rigid Surface using Deformable Dot Cluster Marker. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics PP, 99 (2016), 1--1.
[38]
Taylor Patterson, Nathan Mitchell, and Eftychios Sifakis. 2012. Simulation of Complex Nonlinear Elastic Bodies Using Lattice Deformers. ACM Trans. Graph. 31, 6, Article 197 (Nov. 2012), 10 pages.
[39]
X. Provot. 1995. Deformation constraints in a mass-spring model to describe rigid cloth behavior. In Graph. Interface. 147--154.
[40]
X. Provot. 1997. Collision and self-collision handling in cloth model dedicated to design garment. Graph. Interface (1997), 177--89.
[41]
Damien Rohmer, Tiberiu Popa, Marie-Paule Cani, Stefanie Hahmann, and Alla Sheffer. 2010. Animation Wrinkling: Augmenting Coarse Cloth Simulations with Realistic-looking Wrinkles. In ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2010 papers (SIGGRAPH ASIA '10).
[42]
A. Selle, J. Su, G. Irving, and R. Fedkiw. 2009. Robust High-Resolution Cloth Using Parallelism, History-Based Collisions, and Accurate Friction. IEEE Trans. on Vis. and Comput. Graph. (2009), 339--350.
[43]
T. Shinar, C. Schroeder, and R. Fedkiw. 2008. Two-way Coupling of Rigid and Deformable Bodies. In SCA '08: Proceedings of the 2008 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation (SCA '08). 95--103.
[44]
Justin Solomon, Etienne Vouga, Max Wardetzky, and Eitan Grinspun. 2012. Flexible Developable Surfaces. Computer Graphics Forum 31, 5 (2012), 1567--1576.
[45]
D. Terzopoulos and K. Fleischer. 1988. Deformable models. The Vis. Comput. 4, 6 (1988), 306--331.
[46]
D. Terzopoulos, J. Platt, A. Barr, and K. Fleischer. 1987. Elastically deformable models. Comput. Graph. (Proc. SIGGRAPH 87) 21, 4 (1987), 205--214.
[47]
Bernhard Thomaszewski, Simon Pabst, and Wolfgang Strasser. 2009. Continuum-based Strain Limiting. Computer Graphics Forum (2009).
[48]
Christopher D Twigg and Zoran Kačić-Alesić. 2011. Optimization for sag-free simulations. In Proc. of the 2011 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symp. on Comput. Anim. ACM, 225--236.
[49]
P. Volino, M. Courchesne, and N. Magnenat-Thalmann. 1995. Versatile and efficient techniques for simulating cloth and other deformable objects. Comput. Graph. (SIGGRAPH Proc.) (1995), 137--144.
[50]
Huamin Wang, Florian Hecht, Ravi Ramamoorthi, and James F. O'Brien. 2010a. Example-based Wrinkle Synthesis for Clothing Animation. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2010 Papers (SIGGRAPH '10).
[51]
Huamin Wang, James F. O'Brien, and Ravi Ramamoorthi. 2010b. Multi-Resolution Isotropic Strain Limiting. ACM Trans. Graph. 29, 6 (Dec. 2010), 156:1--10.
[52]
Huamin Wang and Yin Yang. 2016. Descent Methods for Elastic Body Simulation on the GPU. ACM Trans. Graph. 35, 6, Article 212 (Nov. 2016), 10 pages.
[53]
J. Wang, R. Paton, and J.R. Page. 1999. The draping of woven fabric preforms and prepregs for production of polymer composite components. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 30, 6 (1999), 757 -- 765.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Digitally Creating Garmentsデジタルで衣服をつくるJournal of Japan Society of Kansei Engineering10.5057/kansei.22.1_322:1(3-10)Online publication date: 31-Mar-2024
  • (2024)A Cubic Barrier with Elasticity-Inclusive Dynamic StiffnessACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/368790843:6(1-13)Online publication date: 19-Dec-2024
  • (2023)Beyond Chainmail: Computational Modeling of Discrete Interlocking MaterialsACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/359211242:4(1-12)Online publication date: 26-Jul-2023
  • Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
SCA '17: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH / Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
July 2017
212 pages
ISBN:9781450350914
DOI:10.1145/3099564
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

Sponsors

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 28 July 2017

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. cloth
  2. folds
  3. inequality
  4. optimization
  5. wrinkles

Qualifiers

  • Research-article

Funding Sources

Conference

SCA '17
Sponsor:

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 183 of 487 submissions, 38%

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)148
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)24
Reflects downloads up to 30 Jan 2025

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Digitally Creating Garmentsデジタルで衣服をつくるJournal of Japan Society of Kansei Engineering10.5057/kansei.22.1_322:1(3-10)Online publication date: 31-Mar-2024
  • (2024)A Cubic Barrier with Elasticity-Inclusive Dynamic StiffnessACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/368790843:6(1-13)Online publication date: 19-Dec-2024
  • (2023)Beyond Chainmail: Computational Modeling of Discrete Interlocking MaterialsACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/359211242:4(1-12)Online publication date: 26-Jul-2023
  • (2023)A Second Order Cone Programming Approach for Simulating Biphasic MaterialsComputer Graphics Forum10.1111/cgf.1462641:8(87-93)Online publication date: 20-Mar-2023
  • (2021)Reconstruction of a fluttering flag from a single imageJournal of Algorithms & Computational Technology10.1177/174830262098365615Online publication date: 20-Feb-2021
  • (2021)Fine Wrinkling on Coarsely Meshed Thin ShellsACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/346275840:5(1-32)Online publication date: 20-Aug-2021
  • (2021)Codimensional incremental potential contactACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/3450626.345976740:4(1-24)Online publication date: 19-Jul-2021
  • (2020)Cloth and skin deformation with a triangle mesh based convolutional neural networkProceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation10.1111/cgf.14107(1-12)Online publication date: 6-Oct-2020
  • (2020)Wrinkle synthesis for cloth mesh with hermite radial basis functionsMultimedia Tools and Applications10.1007/s11042-020-09743-3Online publication date: 8-Sep-2020
  • (2019)Coercing machine learning to output physically accurate resultsJournal of Computational Physics10.1016/j.jcp.2019.109099(109099)Online publication date: Nov-2019
  • Show More Cited By

View Options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Login options

Figures

Tables

Media

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media