skip to main content
research-article

Hierarchical Optimal Control Method for Controlling Large-Scale Self-Organizing Networks

Published:27 October 2017Publication History
Skip Abstract Section

Abstract

Self-organization has the potential for high scalability, adaptability, flexibility, and robustness, which are vital features for realizing future networks. The convergence of self-organizing control, however, is slow in some practical applications in comparison with control by conventional deterministic systems using global information. It is therefore important to facilitate the convergence of self-organizing controls. In controlled self-organization, which introduces an external controller into self-organizing systems, the network is controlled to guide systems to a desired state. Although existing controlled self-organization schemes could achieve the same state, it is difficult for an external controller to collect information about the network and to provide control inputs to the network, especially when the network size is large. This is because the computational cost for designing the external controller and for calculating the control inputs increases rapidly as the number of nodes in the network becomes large. Therefore, we partition a network into several sub-networks and introduce two types of controllers, a central controller and several sub-controllers that control the network in a hierarchical manner. In this study, we propose a hierarchical optimal feedback mechanism for self-organizing systems and apply this mechanism to potential-based self-organizing routing. Simulation results show that the proposed mechanism improves the convergence speed of potential-field construction (i.e., route construction) up to 10.6-fold with low computational and communication costs.

References

  1. A. C. Antoulas, D. C. Sorensen, and S. Gugercin. 2006. A survey of model reduction methods for large-scale systems. Contemp. Math. 280 (Oct. 2006), 193--219. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  2. Shiníchi Arakawa, Yuki Minami, Yuki Koizumi, Takashi Miyamura, Kohei Shiomoto, and Masayuki Murata. 2011. A managed self-organization of virtual network topology controls in WDM-based optical networks. J. Opt. Commun. 32, 4 (Dec. 2011), 233--242.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  3. Sasitharan Balasubramaniam, Kenji Leibnitz, Pietro Lio, Dmitri Botvich, and Masayuki Murata. 2011. Biological principles for future internet architecture design. IEEE Commun. Mag. 49, 7 (July 2011), 44--52. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  4. Anindya Basu, Alvin Lin, and Sharad Ramanathan. 2003. Routing using potentials: A dynamic traffic-aware routing algorithm. In Proceedings of the 2003 Conference on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communications. ACM, Karlsruhe, Germany, 37--48. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  5. Falko. Dressler. 2008. Self-Organization in Sensor and Actor Networks. Wiley, New York, NY.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  6. Suyong Eum, Yozo Shoji, Masayuki Murata, and Nozomu Nishinaga. 2014. Design and implementation of ICN-enabled IEEE 802.11 access points as nano data centers. J. Netw. Comput. Appl. 50 (Aug. 2014), 159--167. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  7. J. Michael Herrmann, Michael Holicki, and Ralf Der. 2004. On Ashby’s homeostat: A formal model of adaptive regulation. From Animals to Animats (June 2004), 324--333.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  8. Takayuki Ishizaki, Kenji Kashima, Jun-ichi Imura, and Kazuyuki Aihara. 2014. Model reduction and clusterization of large-scale bidirectional networks. IEEE Trans. Autom. Control 59, 1 (Jan. 2014), 48--63. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  9. Sangsu Jung, Malaz Kserawi, Dujeong Lee, and J-KK Rhee. 2009. Distributed potential field based routing and autonomous load balancing for wireless mesh networks. IEEE Commun. Lett. 13, 6 (June 2009), 429--431. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  10. Daichi Kominami, Masashi Sugano, Masayuki Murata, and Takaaki Hatauchi. 2013. Controlled and self-organized routing for large-scale wireless sensor networks. ACM Trans. Sens. Netw. 10, 1 (Nov. 2013), 13:1--13:27.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  11. Naomi Kuze, Daichi Kominami, Kenji Kashima, Tomoaki Hashimoto, and Masayuki Murata. 2015. Hierarchical optimal control method for controlling self-organized networks with light-weight cost. IEEE GLOBECOM 2015. In Proceedings of 2015 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM’15). IEEE, 1--7. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  12. Naomi Kuze, Daichi Kominami, Kenji Kashima, Tomoaki Hashimoto, and Masayuki Murata. 2016. Controlling large-scale self-organized networks with lightweight cost for fast adaptation to changing environments. ACM Trans. Auton. Adapt. Syst. 11, 2 (July 2016), 9:1--9:26.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  13. Munyoung Lee, Junghwan Song, Kideok Cho, Sangheon Pack, Jussi Kangasharju, Yanghee Choi, and Ted Taekyoung Kwon. 2015. SCAN: Content discovery for information-centric networking. Comput. Netw. 83, 4 (June 2015), 1--14. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  14. Georg Martius and J. Michael Herrmann. 2010. Taming the beast: Guided self-organization of behavior in autonomous robots. In Proceedings of International Conference on Simulation of Adaptive Behavior. Springer, 50--61. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  15. Christian Müller-Schloer, Hartmut Schmeck, and Theo Ungerer. 2011. Organic Computing-a Paradigm Shift for Complex Systems. Birkhaeuser, Berlin.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  16. Camelia-Mihaela Pintea. 2014. Advances in Bio-Inspired Computing for Combinatorial Optimization Problems. Springer, Berlin. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  17. Mikhail Prokopenko. 2014. Guided Self-Organization: Inception. Springer, Berlin. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  18. N. Sandell, P. Varaiya, M. Athans, and M. Safonov. 1978. Survey of decentralized control methods for large scale systems. IEEE Trans. Automat. Control 23, 2 (April 1978), 108--128. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  19. Alireza Sheikhattar and Mehdi Kalantari. 2014. Distributed load balancing using alternating direction method of multipliers. In Proceedings of 2014 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM’14). IEEE, , 392--398. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  20. Chengjie Wu, Ruixi Yuan, and Hongchao Zhou. 2008. A novel load balanced and lifetime maximization routing protocol in wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 67th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference. IEEE, 113--117. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  21. Xin-She Yang, Zhihua Cui, Renbin Xiao, Amir Hossein Gandomi, and Mehmet Karamanoglu. 2013. Swarm Intelligence and Bio-Inspired Computation: Theory and Applications. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  22. Zhongshan Zhang, Keping Long, Jianping Wang, and Falko Dressler. 2013. On swarm intelligence inspired self-organized networking: its bionic mechanisms, designing principles and optimization approaches. Commun. Surv. Tutor. 16 (July 2013), 513--537. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  23. Chenyu Zheng and Douglas C Sicker. 2013. A survey on biologically inspired algorithms for computer networking. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor. 15, 3 (Jan. 2013), 1160--1191. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  24. Kemin Zhou, John Comstock Doyle, Keith Glover, and others. 1995. Robust and Optimal Control. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar

Index Terms

  1. Hierarchical Optimal Control Method for Controlling Large-Scale Self-Organizing Networks

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Login options

    Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

    Sign in

    Full Access

    • Published in

      cover image ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems
      ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems  Volume 12, Issue 4
      December 2017
      224 pages
      ISSN:1556-4665
      EISSN:1556-4703
      DOI:10.1145/3155314
      Issue’s Table of Contents

      Copyright © 2017 ACM

      Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

      Publisher

      Association for Computing Machinery

      New York, NY, United States

      Publication History

      • Published: 27 October 2017
      • Accepted: 1 July 2017
      • Revised: 1 March 2017
      • Received: 1 September 2015
      Published in taas Volume 12, Issue 4

      Permissions

      Request permissions about this article.

      Request Permissions

      Check for updates

      Qualifiers

      • research-article
      • Research
      • Refereed

    PDF Format

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader