skip to main content
10.1145/3132340.3132355acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesmswimConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL)-based Resource Management in Software-Defined and Virtualized Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Published: 21 November 2017 Publication History

Abstract

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have attracted great interests from both industry and academia. The developments of VANETs are heavily influenced by information and communications technologies, which have fueled a plethora of innovations in various areas, including networking, caching and computing. Nevertheless, these important enabling technologies have traditionally been studied separately in the existing works on vehicular networks. In this paper, we propose an integrated framework that can enable dynamic orchestration of networking, caching and computing resources to improve the performance of next generation vehicular networks. We formulate the resource allocation strategy in this framework as a joint optimization problem, where the gains of not only networking but also caching and computing are taken into consideration in the proposed framework. The complexity of the system is very high when we jointly consider these three technologies. Therefore, we propose a novel deep reinforcement learning approach in this paper. Simulation results with different system parameters are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

References

[1]
M. Abadi, A. Agarwal, et al. Nov. 2015. TensorFlow: Large-scale machine learning on heterogeneous systems. arXiv:1603.04467 (Nov. 2015).
[2]
M.Amadeo, C. Campolo, andA.Molinaro. 2016. Information-centric networking for connected vehicles: a survey and future perspectives. IEEE Comm. Magazine 54, 2 (Feb. 2016), 98--104.
[3]
Michael Armbrust, Armando Fox, Rean Griffith, and Anthony D. Joseph. Apr. 2010. A View of Cloud Computing. Commun. ACM 53, 4 (Apr. 2010), 50--58.
[4]
Y. Cai, F. R. Yu, C. Liang, B. Sun, and Q. Yan. Sept. 2016. Software Defined Deviceto- Device (D2D) Communications in VirtualWireless Networks with Imperfect Network State Information (NSI). IEEE Trans. Veh. Tech. 9 (Sept. 2016), 7349-- 7360.
[5]
Laizhong Cui, F. R. Yu, and Qiao Yan. 2016. When Big Data Meets Softwarede ned Networking (SDN): SDN for Big Data and Big Data for SDN. IEEE Network 30, 1 (Jan. 2016), 58--65.
[6]
R. dos Reis Fontes, C. Campolo, C. E. Rothenberg, and A. Molinaro. 2017. From Theory to Experimental Evaluation: ResourceManagement in Software-Defined Vehicular Networks. IEEE Access PP, 99 (2017), 1--1.
[7]
ETSI. 2014. Mobile-Edge Computing - Introductory TechnicalWhite Paper. ETSI White Paper (Sep. 2014).
[8]
A. Silva Fabrício, Celes Clayson, and Azzedine Boukerche. 2015. Filling the Gaps of Vehicular Mobility Traces. In Proc. 18th ACM Int'l Conference on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation ofWireless and Mobile Systems (MSWiM'15). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 47--54. https://doi.org/10.1145/2512921.2516962
[9]
C. Fang, F. R. Yu, T. Huang, J. Liu, and Y. Liu. 2015. A Survey of Green Information-Centric Networking: Research Issues and Challenges. IEEE Comm. Surveys Tutorials 17, 3 (Thirdquarter 2015), 1455--1472.
[10]
Agata Grzybek, Grégoire Danoy, Marcin Seredynski, and Pascal Bouvry. 2013. Evaluation of Dynamic Communities in Large-scale Vehicular Networks. In Proc. Third ACM Int'l Symp. Design and Analysis of Intelligent Vehicular Networks and Applications (DIVANet'13). 93--100. https://doi.org/10.1145/2512921.2516962
[11]
Quansheng Guan, F. R. Yu, Shengming Jiang, and Gang Wei. 2010. Prediction- Based Topology Control and Routing in Cognitive Radio Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. IEEE Trans. Veh. Tech. 59, 9 (Nov. 2010), 4443 --4452.
[12]
J. Guo, B. Song, Y. He, F. Richard Yu, and M. Sookhak. 2017. A Survey on Compressed Sensing in Vehicular Infotainment Systems. IEEE Comm. Surveys and Tutorials (May 2017).
[13]
Y. He, C. Liang, F. Richard Yu, N. Zhao, and H. Yin. 2017. Optimization of Cacheenabled Opportunistic Interference Alignment Wireless Networks: A Big Data Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach. In Proc. IEEE ICC'17. Paris, France.
[14]
Y. He, F. R. Yu, N. Zhao, V. C. M. Leung, and H. Yin. 2017. Software-defined Networks with Mobile Edge Computing and Caching for Smart Cities: A Big Data Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach. IEEE Commun. Mag. 55, 12 (Dec. 2017).
[15]
Y. He, F. R. Yu, N. Zhao, H. Yin, H. Yao, and R. C. Qiu. 2016. Big Data Analytics in Mobile Cellular Networks. IEEE Access 4 (Mar. 2016), 1985--1996.
[16]
X. Hou, Y. Li, M. Chen, D.Wu, D. Jin, and S. Chen. 2016. Vehicular Fog Computing: A Viewpoint of Vehicles as the Infrastructures. IEEE Trans. Veh. Tech. 65, 6 (June 2016), 3860--3873.
[17]
Abboud Khadige and W. Zhuang. 2014. Impact of node mobility on single-hop cluster overlap in vehicular ad hoc networks. In Proc. 17th ACM Int'l Conference on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation ofWireless and Mobile Systems (MSWiM'14). 65--72. https://doi.org/10.1145/2512921.2516962
[18]
D. Kreutz, M.V. Ramos, P.E. Verissimo, C.E. Rothenberg, S. Azodolmolky, and S. Uhlig. 2015. Software-Defined Networking: A Comprehensive Survey. Proc. IEEE 103, 1 (Jan. 2015), 14--76.
[19]
N. Kumar, S. Zeadally, and J. J. P. C. Rodrigues. 2016. Vehicular delay-tolerant networks for smart grid data management using mobile edge computing. IEEE Comm. Magazine 54, 10 (Oct. 2016), 60--66.
[20]
L. Zhang, A. Afanasyev, F. Burke, V. Jacobson, K.C. Claffy, P. Crowley, C. Papadopoulos, L. Wang, and B. Zhang. Jul. 2014. Named Data Networking. ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 44, 3 (Jul. 2014), 66--73.
[21]
Z. Li, F. R. Yu, andM. Huang. 2010. A Distributed Consensus-Based Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radios. IEEE Trans. Veh. Tech. 59, 1 (Jan. 2010), 383--393.
[22]
C. Liang and F. R. Yu. 2015. Wireless Network Virtualization: A Survey, Some Research Issues and Challenges. IEEE Commun. Surveys Tutorials 17, 1 (Firstquarter 2015), 358--380.
[23]
C. Liang and F. R. Yu. 2015. Wireless Virtualization for Next Generation Mobile Cellular Networks. IEEE Wireless Comm. 22, 1 (Feb. 2015), 61--69.
[24]
C. Liang, F. R. Yu, and X. Zhang. 2015. Information-Centric Network Function Virtualization Over 5G Mobile Wireless Networks. IEEE Network 29, 3 (May 2015), 68--74.
[25]
K. Liu, J. K. Y. Ng, V. C. S. Lee, S. H. Son, and I. Stojmenovic. 2016. Cooperative Data Scheduling in Hybrid Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: VANET as a Software Defined Network. IEEE/ACM Trans. Networking 24, 3 (June 2016), 1759--1773.
[26]
K. Liu, J. K. Y. Ng, J. Wang, V. C. S. Lee, W. Wu, and S. H. Son. 2016. Network-Coding-Assisted Data Dissemination via Cooperative Vehicle-to- Vehicle/-Infrastructure Communications. IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Sys. 17, 6 (June 2016), 1509--1520.
[27]
C. Luo, F. R. Yu, H. Ji, and V. C. M. Leung. 2010. Cross-layer Design for TCP Performance Improvement in Cognitive Radio Networks. IEEE Trans. Veh. Tech. 59, 5 (2010), 2485--2495.
[28]
L. Ma, F. Yu, V. C. M. Leung, and T. Randhawa. 2004. A new method to support UMTS/WLAN vertical handover using SCTP. IEEEWireless Commun. 11, 4 (Aug. 2004), 44--51.
[29]
M. N. Mejri and Jalel Ben-Othman. 2014. Entropy as a New Metric for Denial of Service Attack Detection in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks. In Proc. 17th ACM Int'l Conference on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems (MSWiM'14). 73--79. https://doi.org/10.1145/2512921.2516962
[30]
Volodymyr Mnih, Koray Kavukcuoglu, David Silver, Alex Graves, Ioannis Antonoglou, Daan Wierstra, and Martin Riedmiller. 2013. Playing atari with deep reinforcement learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:1312.5602 (2013).
[31]
VolodymyrMnih, Koray Kavukcuoglu, David Silver, Andrei A Rusu, Joel Veness, Marc G Bellemare, Alex Graves, Martin Riedmiller, Andreas K Fidjeland, Georg Ostrovski, et al. 2015. Human-level control through deep reinforcement learning. Nature 518, 7540 (2015), 529--533.
[32]
Hao Yi Ong, Kevin Chavez, and Augustus Hong. 2015. Distributed Deep QLearning. arXiv preprint arXiv:1508.04186 (2015).
[33]
S. Sarkar, S. Chatterjee, and S. Misra. Oct. 2015. Assessment of the Suitability of Fog Computing in the Context of Internet of Things. IEEE Trans. Cloud Computing pp, 99 (Oct. 2015), 1.
[34]
David Silver, Aja Huang, Chris J Maddison, Arthur Guez, Laurent Sifre, George van den Driessche, Julian Schrittwieser, Ioannis Antonoglou, Veda Panneershelvam, Marc Lanctot, et al. 2016. Mastering the game of Go with deep neural networks and tree search. Nature 529, 7587 (2016), 484--489.
[35]
M. Sookhak, F. Richard Yu, Y. He, H. Talebian, N. Zhao, M. K. Khan, and N. Kumar. 2017. Fog Vehicular Computing: Augmentation of Fog Computing Using Vehicular Cloud Computing. IEEE Veh. Tech. Mag. (Sept. 2017). on-line.
[36]
Yifei Wei, F. R. Yu, and Mei Song. 2010. Distributed Optimal Relay Selection in Wireless Cooperative NetworksWith Finite-StateMarkov Channels. IEEE Trans. Veh. Tech. 59, 5 (June 2010), 2149 --2158.
[37]
G. Xylomenos, C. N. Ververidis, V. A. Siris, N. Fotiou, C. Tsilopoulos, X. Vasilakos, K. V. Katsaros, and G. C. Polyzos. 2014. A survey of information-centric networking research. IEEE Commun. Surveys Tuts. 16, 2 (Second Quarter 2014), 1024--1049.
[38]
Qiao Yan, F. R. Yu, Qingxiang Gong, and Jianqiang Li. 2016. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attacks in Cloud Computing Environments: A Survey, Some Research Issues, and Challenges. IEEE Commun. Survey and Tutorials 18, 1 (2016), 602--622.
[39]
F. Yu and V. Krishnamurthy. 2007. Optimal Joint Session Admission Control in Integrated WLAN and CDMA Cellular Networks with Vertical Handoff. IEEE Trans. Mobile Computing 6, 1 (Jan. 2007), 126--139.
[40]
Fei Yu and V. C. M. Leung. Apr. 2001. Mobility-based predictive call admission control and bandwidth reservation in wireless cellular networks. In Proc. IEEE INFOCOM'01. Anchorage, AK.
[41]
F. R. Yu,Minyi Huang, and H. Tang. 2010. Biologically inspired consensus-based spectrum sensing in mobile Ad Hoc networks with cognitive radios. IEEE Network 24, 3 (May 2010), 26 --30.
[42]
H. Zhang,Q. Zhang, and X.Du. 2015. Toward Vehicle-Assisted Cloud Computing for Smartphones. IEEE Trans. Veh. Tech. 64, 12 (Dec. 2015), 5610--5618.
[43]
Q. Zheng, K. Zheng, H. Zhang, and V. C. M. Leung. 2016. Delay-Optimal Virtualized Radio Resource Scheduling in Software-Defined Vehicular Networks via Stochastic Learning. IEEE Trans. Veh. Tech. 65, 10 (Oct. 2016), 7857--7867.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Cognitive radio and machine learning modalities for enhancing the smart transportation system: A systematic literature reviewICT Express10.1016/j.icte.2024.05.001Online publication date: May-2024
  • (2023)Enhanced 3D Sensor Deployment Method for Cooperative Sensing in Connected and Autonomous VehiclesProceedings of the Int'l ACM Symposium on Design and Analysis of Intelligent Vehicular Networks and Applications10.1145/3616392.3624703(23-30)Online publication date: 30-Oct-2023
  • (2023)An Examination of Virtualization Technologies for Enabling Intelligent Edge Computing2023 International Conference on Sustainable Computing and Smart Systems (ICSCSS)10.1109/ICSCSS57650.2023.10169357(1612-1617)Online publication date: 14-Jun-2023
  • Show More Cited By

Index Terms

  1. Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL)-based Resource Management in Software-Defined and Virtualized Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

      Recommendations

      Comments

      Information & Contributors

      Information

      Published In

      cover image ACM Conferences
      DIVANet '17: Proceedings of the 6th ACM Symposium on Development and Analysis of Intelligent Vehicular Networks and Applications
      November 2017
      160 pages
      ISBN:9781450351645
      DOI:10.1145/3132340
      Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

      Sponsors

      Publisher

      Association for Computing Machinery

      New York, NY, United States

      Publication History

      Published: 21 November 2017

      Permissions

      Request permissions for this article.

      Check for updates

      Author Tags

      1. security
      2. software-defined networking
      3. trust management
      4. vehicular ad hoc networks

      Qualifiers

      • Research-article

      Conference

      MSWiM '17
      Sponsor:

      Acceptance Rates

      Overall Acceptance Rate 70 of 308 submissions, 23%

      Contributors

      Other Metrics

      Bibliometrics & Citations

      Bibliometrics

      Article Metrics

      • Downloads (Last 12 months)29
      • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)3
      Reflects downloads up to 28 Feb 2025

      Other Metrics

      Citations

      Cited By

      View all
      • (2024)Cognitive radio and machine learning modalities for enhancing the smart transportation system: A systematic literature reviewICT Express10.1016/j.icte.2024.05.001Online publication date: May-2024
      • (2023)Enhanced 3D Sensor Deployment Method for Cooperative Sensing in Connected and Autonomous VehiclesProceedings of the Int'l ACM Symposium on Design and Analysis of Intelligent Vehicular Networks and Applications10.1145/3616392.3624703(23-30)Online publication date: 30-Oct-2023
      • (2023)An Examination of Virtualization Technologies for Enabling Intelligent Edge Computing2023 International Conference on Sustainable Computing and Smart Systems (ICSCSS)10.1109/ICSCSS57650.2023.10169357(1612-1617)Online publication date: 14-Jun-2023
      • (2023)A Blockchain-Based Distributed Machine Learning (BDML) Approach for Resource Allocation in Vehicular Ad-Hoc NetworksGreen, Pervasive, and Cloud Computing10.1007/978-3-031-26118-3_8(110-121)Online publication date: 1-Feb-2023
      • (2023) Resource allocation in 5G cloud‐RAN using deep reinforcement learning algorithms: A review Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies10.1002/ett.492935:1Online publication date: 26-Dec-2023
      • (2022)Resource Allocation of Video Streaming Over Vehicular Networks: A Survey, Some Research Issues and ChallengesIEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems10.1109/TITS.2021.306520923:7(5955-5975)Online publication date: Jul-2022
      • (2022)Autonomous Vehicles: Resource Allocation, Security, and Data PrivacyIEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking10.1109/TGCN.2021.31108226:1(117-131)Online publication date: Mar-2022
      • (2022)Resource Provisioning for Mitigating Edge DDoS Attacks in MEC-Enabled SDVNIEEE Internet of Things Journal10.1109/JIOT.2022.31899759:23(24264-24280)Online publication date: 1-Dec-2022
      • (2022)Machine learning for next‐generation intelligent transportation systemsTransactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies10.1002/ett.442733:4Online publication date: 17-Apr-2022
      • (2021)Software-Defined Vehicular Adhoc NetworkCloud-Based Big Data Analytics in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks10.4018/978-1-7998-2764-1.ch007(141-164)Online publication date: 2021
      • Show More Cited By

      View Options

      Login options

      View options

      PDF

      View or Download as a PDF file.

      PDF

      eReader

      View online with eReader.

      eReader

      Figures

      Tables

      Media

      Share

      Share

      Share this Publication link

      Share on social media