skip to main content
10.1145/3163080.3163107acmotherconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesicspsConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

SAAP: A State-Aware Adaptive Prediction Strategy for CPU Load of Desktops

Authors Info & Claims
Published:27 November 2017Publication History

ABSTRACT

Most medium-scale above corporations usually construct their own private clouds, utilizing commodity servers to provide computing resources. With the increase in computing demand, more and more servers are required. On the other hand, in these corporations, there are hundreds or thousands of desktops (physical or virtual personal computers) that are running with low resource utilizations. With the availability of container technologies, such as Docker, it is currently feasible to utilize these potential computing resources. To do so, it is critical to predict the resource consumption of desktops accurately before scheduling jobs for them, in order to improve the execution of jobs. Although some approaches have been proposed to predict the resource utilization of servers, they can't be directly applied to desktops due to the dynamics of desktops. To address this problem, we propose SAAP, a State-Aware Adaptive Prediction strategy for CPU load of desktops. SAAP is capable of dynamically selecting appropriate prediction algorithms to predict the CPU load, adapting to the state of desktops. Besides, two patterns that can improve prediction accuracy are found. To evaluate the effectiveness of SAAP, extensive experiments are conducted. The experimental results demonstrate that SAAP behaves much better than the Box-Jenkins models (AR, MA, ARMA, ARIMA) in prediction accuracy.

References

  1. Michael Armbrust, Armando Fox, Rean Griffith, Anthony D. Joseph, Randy H. Katz, Andy Konwinski, Gunho Lee, David A. Patterson, Ariel Rabkin, Ion Stoica, and Matei Zaharia. A view of cloud computing. Commun. ACM, 53(4):50--58, 2010. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  2. https://aws.amazon.com. {Online; accessed 08-August-2017}.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  3. Claus Pahl. Containerization and the paas cloud. IEEE Cloud Computing, 2(3):24--31, 2015.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  4. What is docker? https://docker.com/whatisdocker/. {Online; accessed 08-August-2017}.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  5. https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/what-is-kubernetes/. {Online; accessed 08-August-2017}.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  6. Ran Yang, Robert D. van der Mei, Dennis Roubos, Frank J. Seinstra, and Henri E. Bal. Resource optimization in distributed real-time multimedia applications. Multimedia Tools Appl., 59(3):941--971, 2012. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  7. Peter A. Dinda and David R. O'Hallaron. Host load prediction using linear models. Cluster Computing, 3(4):265--280, 2000. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  8. Lingyun Yang, Ian T. Foster, and Jennifer M. Schopf. Homeostatic and tendency-based CPU load predictions. In 17th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS 2003). Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  9. Yuanyuan Zhang, Wei Sun, and Yasushi Inoguchi. CPU load predictions on the computational grid. IEICE Transactions, 90-D(1):40--47, 2007. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  10. Jian Cao, Jiwen Fu, Minglu Li, and Jinjun Chen. CPU load prediction for cloud environment based on a dynamic ensemble model. Softw., Pract. Exper., 44(7):793--804, 2014. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  11. Thomas G. Dietterich. Ensemble methods in machine learning. In Josef Kittler and Fabio Roli, editors, Multiple Classifier Systems, First International Workshop, MCS 2000, Cagliari, Italy, June 21-23, 2000, Proceedings, volume 1857 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 1--15. Springer, 2000. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  12. Yves Grandvalet. Bagging equalizes influence. Machine Learning, 55(3):251--270, 2004. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  13. Nicholas I. Sapankevych and Ravi Sankar. Time series prediction using support vector machines: A survey. IEEE Comp. Int. Mag., 4(2):24--38, 2009. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  14. http://www.zbj.com/. {Online; accessed 08-August-2017}.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  15. Box, G. E. P., Jenkins, G. M., and Reinsel. Time Series Analysis: Forecasting and Control. Prentice Hall, 1994. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  16. Peter A. Dinda. The statistical properties of host load. Scientific Programming, 7(3-4):211--229, 1999. Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  17. G. Udny Yule. On a method of investigating periodicities in disturbed series, with special reference to wolfer's sunspot numbers. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 226(636-646):267--298, 1927.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  18. Gilbert Walker. On periodicity in series of related terms. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character, 131(818):518--532, 1931.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  19. M. J. D. Powell. An efficient method for finding the minimum of a function of several variables without calculating derivatives. The Computer Journal, 7(2):155, 1964.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  20. https://eclipse.org. {Online; accessed 08-August-2017}.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  21. https://www.mathsisfun.com/definitions/range-statistics.html. {Online; accessed 08-August-2017}.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  22. https://github.com/cs-sjtu/CPU-loads. {Online; accessed 08-August-2017}.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar

Index Terms

  1. SAAP: A State-Aware Adaptive Prediction Strategy for CPU Load of Desktops

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Login options

    Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

    Sign in
    • Published in

      cover image ACM Other conferences
      ICSPS 2017: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Signal Processing Systems
      November 2017
      237 pages
      ISBN:9781450353847
      DOI:10.1145/3163080

      Copyright © 2017 ACM

      Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

      Publisher

      Association for Computing Machinery

      New York, NY, United States

      Publication History

      • Published: 27 November 2017

      Permissions

      Request permissions about this article.

      Request Permissions

      Check for updates

      Qualifiers

      • research-article
      • Research
      • Refereed limited

      Acceptance Rates

      Overall Acceptance Rate46of83submissions,55%
    • Article Metrics

      • Downloads (Last 12 months)1
      • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0

      Other Metrics

    PDF Format

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader