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Dynamic Subtitles in Cinematic Virtual Reality

Published: 25 June 2018 Publication History

Abstract

Cinematic Virtual Reality has been increasing in popularity in recent years. Watching 360° movies with a Head Mounted Display, the viewer can freely choose the direction of view, and thus the visible section of the movie. Therefore, a new approach for the placements of subtitles is needed. There are three main issues which have to be considered: the position of the subtitles, the speaker identification and the influence for the VR experience. In our study we compared a static method, where the subtitles are placed at the bottom of the field of view, with dynamic subtitles 1, where the position of the subtitles depends on the scene and is close to the speaking person. This work-in-progress describes first results of the study which point out that dynamic subtitles can lead to a higher score of presence, less sickness and lower workload.

References

[1]
M Brooks and M Armstrong. 2014. Enhancing Subtitles. TVX2014 Conference, Brussels (2014), 25--27.
[2]
Andy Brown, Rhia Jones, Mike Crabb, James Sandford, Matthew Brooks, Mike Armstrong, and Caroline Jay. 2015. Dynamic subtitles: the user experience. In Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Interactive Experiences for TV and Online Video. ACM, 103--112.
[3]
Andy Brown, Jayson Turner, Jake Patterson, Anastasia Schmitz, Mike Armstrong, and Maxine Glancy. 2017. Subtitles in 360-degree Video. In Adjunct Publication of the 2017 ACM International Conference on Interactive Experiences for TV and Online Video. ACM, 3--8.
[4]
Sandra G Hart and Lowell E Staveland. 1988. Development of NASA-TLX (Task Load Index): Results of empirical and theoretical research. Advances in psychology 52 (1988), 139--183.
[5]
Yongtao Hu, Jan Kautz, Yizhou Yu, and Wenping Wang. 2015. Speaker-following video subtitles. ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications (TOMM) 11, 2 (2015), 32.
[6]
Robert S Kennedy, Norman E Lane, Kevin S Berbaum, and Michael G Lilienthal. 1993. Simulator sickness questionnaire: An enhanced method for quantifying simulator sickness. The international journal of aviation psychology 3, 3 (1993), 203--220.
[7]
Kuno Kurzhals, Emine Cetinkaya, Yongtao Hu, Wenping Wang, and Daniel Weiskopf. 2017. Close to the Action: Eye-Tracking Evaluation of Speaker-Following Subtitles. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM, 6559--6568.
[8]
Quoc V Vy and Deborah I Fels. 2010. Using placement and name for speaker identification in captioning. In International Conference on Computers for Handicapped Persons. Springer, 247--254.
[9]
Bob G Witmer and Michael J Singer. 1998. Measuring presence in virtual environments: A presence questionnaire. Presence: Teleoperators and virtual environments 7, 3 (1998), 225--240.

Cited By

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  • (2025)Widespread yet Unreliable: A Systematic Analysis of the Use of Presence QuestionnairesInteracting with Computers10.1093/iwc/iwae064Online publication date: 1-Feb-2025
  • (2024)"I Wish You Could Make the Camera Stand Still": Envisioning Media Accessibility Interventions with People with AphasiaProceedings of the 26th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility10.1145/3663548.3675598(1-17)Online publication date: 27-Oct-2024
  • (2024)Gaze-Adaptive Subtitles for 360° Videos in Virtual Reality2024 10th International Conference on Virtual Reality (ICVR)10.1109/ICVR62393.2024.10868250(68-77)Online publication date: 24-Jul-2024
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Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
TVX '18: Proceedings of the 2018 ACM International Conference on Interactive Experiences for TV and Online Video
June 2018
266 pages
ISBN:9781450351157
DOI:10.1145/3210825
Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be honored. For all other uses, contact the Owner/Author.

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Publication History

Published: 25 June 2018

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Author Tags

  1. 360-degree video
  2. cinematic virtual reality
  3. dynamic subtitles
  4. presence
  5. screen-referenced subtitles
  6. sickness
  7. speaker identification
  8. static subtitles
  9. subtitles
  10. task workload

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TVX '18

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TVX '18 Paper Acceptance Rate 12 of 36 submissions, 33%;
Overall Acceptance Rate 69 of 245 submissions, 28%

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Cited By

View all
  • (2025)Widespread yet Unreliable: A Systematic Analysis of the Use of Presence QuestionnairesInteracting with Computers10.1093/iwc/iwae064Online publication date: 1-Feb-2025
  • (2024)"I Wish You Could Make the Camera Stand Still": Envisioning Media Accessibility Interventions with People with AphasiaProceedings of the 26th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility10.1145/3663548.3675598(1-17)Online publication date: 27-Oct-2024
  • (2024)Gaze-Adaptive Subtitles for 360° Videos in Virtual Reality2024 10th International Conference on Virtual Reality (ICVR)10.1109/ICVR62393.2024.10868250(68-77)Online publication date: 24-Jul-2024
  • (2023)Head-anchored text placements and cognitive load in information-rich virtual environmentsProceedings of Mensch und Computer 202310.1145/3603555.3603575(27-36)Online publication date: 3-Sep-2023
  • (2023)Accessibility Research in Digital Audiovisual Media: What Has Been Achieved and What Should Be Done Next?Proceedings of the 2023 ACM International Conference on Interactive Media Experiences10.1145/3573381.3596159(94-114)Online publication date: 12-Jun-2023
  • (2023)An experimental study on reading in high‐immersion virtual realityBritish Journal of Educational Technology10.1111/bjet.1339255:2(541-559)Online publication date: 3-Oct-2023
  • (2023)Investigating Spatial Representation of Learning Content in Virtual Reality Learning Environments2023 IEEE Conference Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)10.1109/VR55154.2023.00019(33-43)Online publication date: Mar-2023
  • (2023)Augmenting Conversations With Comic-Style Word BalloonsIEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems10.1109/THMS.2022.322476753:2(367-377)Online publication date: Apr-2023
  • (2023)Focus on the Motion: Designing Adaptive Subtitles for Online Fitness Videos to Support Ubiquitous Exercises2023 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality Adjunct (ISMAR-Adjunct)10.1109/ISMAR-Adjunct60411.2023.00105(481-486)Online publication date: 16-Oct-2023
  • (2023)Physiological Data Placement Recommendations for VR Sport ApplicationsVirtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality10.1007/978-3-031-35634-6_6(72-85)Online publication date: 23-Jul-2023
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