research-article

Real-Time Dashboards to Support eSports Spectating

Authors:

Kathrin Gerling,

Francisco Gutiérrez,

Hans Cauwenbergh,

Katrien VerbertAuthors Info & Claims

CHI PLAY '18: Proceedings of the 2018 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play

Pages 59 - 71

https://doi.org/10.1145/3242671.3242680

Published: 23 October 2018 Publication History

Abstract

eSports matches offer fast-paced entertainment for millions of viewers worldwide, but little is known about how to support a positive viewer experience. One of the key challenges related to popular real-time eSports games (e.g., multiplayer online battle arena games or first-person shooters) is empowering viewers to effectively follow rapid gameplay. In our paper, we address this challenge through the design of information dashboards to improve spectator insight and experience in League of Legends, and Counter Strike: Global Offensive. Based on surveys that received a total of 788 responses, we design information dashboards that we evaluate with 18 experienced eSports viewers. Our results show that dashboards contribute to spectator insight and experience, but that careful consideration is necessary to adequately manage in-game complexity and cognitive load of viewers, and establish spectator trust in information dashboards through transparent design. Based on these findings, our paper formulates design goals for spectator dashboards, and outlines key opportunities for future work.

Supplementary Material

suppl.mov (play1028.mp4)

Supplemental video

Download
103.23 MB

References

[1]

Blizzard Entertainment. 2004. World of Warcraft. Game {PC}. (23 November 2004). Blizzard Entertainment, Irvine, California, U.S. Last played August 2018.

[2]

Brian Bowman, Niklas Elmqvist, and T. J. Jankun-Kelly. 2012. Toward visualization for games: Theory, design space, and patterns. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 18, 11 (2012), 1956--1968.

Digital Library

[3]

Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke. 2006. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology 3, 2 (January 2006), 77--101.

[4]

Stuart L Brown. 2009. Play: How it shapes the brain, opens the imagination, and invigorates the soul. Penguin.

[5]

Sven Charleer, Joris Klerkx, Erik Duval, Tinne De Laet, and Katrien Verbert. 2017a. Towards balanced discussions in the classroom using ambient information visualisations. International Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning 9, 2--3 (2017), 227--253.

Digital Library

[6]

Sven Charleer, Andrew Vande Moere, Joris Klerkx, Katrien Verbert, and Tinne De Laet. 2017b. Learning Analytics Dashboards to Support Adviser-Student Dialogue. IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies (2017), 1--1.

[7]

Gifford Cheung and Jeff Huang. 2011. Starcraft from the stands: understanding the game spectator. Proc. of the SIGCHI Conf. on Human Factors in Computing Systems (2011), 763--772.

Digital Library

[8]

Jason Chuang, Daniel Ramage, Christopher Manning, and Jeffrey Heer. 2012. Interpretation and Trust: Designing Model-driven Visualizations for Text Analysis. In Proc. of the SIGCHI Conf. on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '12). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 443--452.

Digital Library

[9]

ESL Counter-Strike. 2017. NiP vs. FaZe {Train} Map 3 - GRAND FINAL - IEM Oakland 2017. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=827kgJOrGHU. (November 2017). Accessed: 2018-08-01.

[10]

Carlos Cruz, Michael D. Hanus, and Jesse Fox. 2017. The need to achieve: Players' perceptions and uses of extrinsic meta-game reward systems for video game consoles. Computers in Human Behavior 71 (2017), 516--524.

Digital Library

[11]

Inès Dabbebi, Sébastien Iksal, Jean-Marie Gilliot, Madeth May, and Serge Garlatti. 2017. Towards Adaptive Dashboards for Learning Analytic: An Approach for Conceptual Design and implementation. In 9th International Conf. on Computer Supported Education (CSEDU 2017). 120--131.

[12]

Alena Denisova, A. Imran Nordin, and Paul Cairns. 2016. The Convergence of Player Experience Questionnaires. In Proc. of the 2016 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (CHI PLAY '16). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 33--37.

Digital Library

[13]

Nathan Edge. 2013. Evolution of the gaming experience: live video streaming and the emergence of a new web community. Elon Journal of Undergraduate Research in Communications 4, 2 (2013).

[14]

Engadget. 2017. Blizzard's first eSports stadium opens for Overwatch. https://www.engadget.com/2017/03/31/blizzards-first-esports-stadium-opens-for-overwatch/. (March 2017). Accessed: 2018-04-16.

[15]

LoL Esports. 2018. NA LCS Spring Split: Echo Fox vs. Team Liquid. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6sxwo_X59ps. (February 2018). Accessed: 2018-08-01.

[16]

Eventvods. 2018. Eventvods. https://eventvods.com/featured/csgo. (April 2018). Accessed: 2018-04-16.

[17]

Figma. 2015. Figma: the collaborative interface design tool. https://www.figma.com/. (December 2015). Accessed: 2018-08-01.

[18]

Guo Freeman and Donghee Yvette Wohn. 2017. eSports As An Emerging Research Context at CHI: Diverse Perspectives on Definitions. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA '17). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 1601--1608.

Digital Library

[19]

Dominic Furniss, Ann Blandford, and Paul Curzon. 2011. Confessions from a Grounded Theory PhD: Experiences and Lessons Learnt. In Proc. of the SIGCHI Conf. on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 113--122.

Digital Library

[20]

Nielsen Games. 2017. U.S. Games 360 Report: 2017. http://www.nielsen.com/us/en/insights/reports/2017/us-games-360-report-2017.html. (October 2017). Accessed: 2018-04-16.

[21]

Riot Games. 2009. League of Legends. Game {PC}. (27 October 2009). Riot Games, Los Angeles, California, USA. Last played August 2018.

[22]

Turtle Entertainment GmbH. 2017. Intel and ESL Welcome 173,000 Fans at World's Biggest Esports Event in History. https://www.eslgaming.com/press/intel-and-esl-welcome-173000-fans-world-s-biggest-esports-event-history. (March 2017). Accessed: 2018-07-27.

[23]

Turtle Entertainment GmbH. 2018. ESL. https://www.eslgaming.com. (April 2018). Accessed: 2018-04-16.

[24]

Juho Hamari and Max Sjö blom. 2017. What is eSports and why do people watch it? Internet Research 27, 2 (2017), 211--232.

[25]

Chen He, Denis Parra, and Katrien Verbert. 2016. Interactive recommender systems: A survey of the state of the art and future research challenges and opportunities. Expert Systems with Applications 56 (2016), 9--27.

Digital Library

[26]

Hidden Path Entertainment and Valve Corporation. 2012. Counter-Strike: Global Offensive. Game {PC}. (21 August 2012). Valve Corporation, Bellevue, Washington, USA. Last played April 2018.

[27]

HLTV. 2018. HLTV. https://www.hltv.org/. (April 2018). Accessed: 2018-04-16.

[28]

Nate Hoobler, Greg Humphreys, and Maneesh Agrawala. 2004. Visualizing competitive behaviors in multi-user virtual environments. IEEE Visualization 2004 (2004), 163--170.

Digital Library

[29]

Twitch Interactive Inc. 2018. Twitch.tv. http://www.twitch.tv/. (April 2018). Accessed: 2018-04-16.

[30]

Seth E. Jenny, R. Douglas Manning, Margaret C. Keiper, and Tracy W. Olrich. 2017. Virtual(ly) Athletes: Where eSports Fit Within the Definition of "Sport". Quest 69, 1 (2017), 1--18.

[31]

Min Ji, Christine Michel, Elise Lavoué, and Sébastien George. 2014. DDART, a dynamic dashboard for collection, analysis and visualization of activity and reporting traces. In European Conf. on Technology Enhanced Learning. Springer, 440--445.

Digital Library

[32]

SeungJun Kim, Anind K. Dey, Joonhwan Lee, and Jodi Forlizzi. 2011. Usability of Car Dashboard Displays for Elder Drivers. In Proc. of the SIGCHI Conf. on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 493--502.

Digital Library

[33]

Simone Kriglstein, Gü nter Wallner, and Margit Pohl. 2014. A user study of different gameplay visualizations . Proc. of the 32nd annual ACM Conf. on Human factors in computing systems - CHI '14 (2014), 361--370.

Digital Library

[34]

Pascal Lessel, Alexander Vielhauer, and Antonio Krüger. 2017. Expanding Video Game Live-Streams with Enhanced Communication Channels: A case study. Proc. of the 2017 CHI Conf. on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '17) (2017), 1571--1576.

Digital Library

[35]

Sc Llanos and Kristine Jørgensen. 2011. Do Players Prefer Integrated User Interfaces? A Qualitative Study of Game UI Design Issues. DiGRA 2011 Conf.: Think Design Play (2011), 1--12. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?rep=rep1

[36]

User Experience Magazine. 2018. Beyond Player Experience: Designing for Spectator-Players. http://uxpamagazine.org/beyond-player-experience/. (February 2018). Accessed: 2018-04-16.

[37]

B. Medler, B. & Magerko. 2011. Analytics of Play: Using Information visualisation and gameplay practices for visualising video game data. Parsons Journal for Information Mapping 3, 1 (2011), 1--12. http://piim.newschool.edu/journal/issues/

[38]

Newzoo. 2017. New Twitch Rankings: Top Games by Esports and Total Viewing Hours. https://newzoo.com/insights/articles/new-twitch-rankings-top-games-esports-total-viewing-hours/. (December 2017). Accessed: 2018-07-27.

[39]

Alexandra Papoutsaki, Patsorn Sangkloy, James Laskey, Nediyana Daskalova, Jeff Huang, and James Hays. 2016. WebGazer: Scalable Webcam Eye Tracking Using User Interactions. In Proc. of the 25th International Joint Conf. on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI). AAAI, 3839--3845.

Digital Library

[40]

Karine Pires and Gwendal Simon. 2015. YouTube live and Twitch . Proc. of the 6th ACM Multimedia Systems Conf. on - MMSys '15 (2015), 225--230.

Digital Library

[41]

Z. Pousman and J. Stasko. 2006. A taxonomy of ambient information systems: four patterns of design. Proc. of the working Conf. on Advanced visual interfaces (2006), 67--74.

Digital Library

[42]

Reddit. 2018a. Counter-strike: Global Offensive subreddit. https://www.reddit.com/r/GlobalOffensive. (April 2018). Accessed: 2018-04-16.

[43]

Reddit. 2018b. League of Legends subreddit. https://www.reddit.com/r/leagueoflegends/. (April 2018). Accessed: 2018-04-16.

[44]

Richard M. Ryan, C. Scott Rigby, and Andrew Przybylski. 2006. The Motivational Pull of Video Games: A Self-Determination Theory Approach. Motivation and Emotion 30, 4 (Dec. 2006), 344--360.

[45]

Al Dafai Samer. 2016. Conventions within eSports: Exploring Similarities in Design. First International Joint Conf. of DiGRA and FDG 13, 1 (2016), 1--16. http://www.digra.org/wp-content/uploads/digital-library/paper

[46]

Ben Shneiderman. 1996. The eyes have it: a task by data type taxonomy for information visualizations. In IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages. IEEE, 336--343.

Digital Library

[47]

Max Sjö blom, Maria Tö rhönen, Juho Hamari, and Joseph Macey. 2017. Content structure is king: An empirical study on gratifications, game genres and content type on Twitch. Computers in Human Behavior 73 (2017), 161--171.

Digital Library

[48]

Tobias Skog, Sara Ljungblad, and Lars Erik Holmquist. 2003. Between aesthetics and utility: designing ambient information visualizations. In IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization 2003 (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8714). 233--240.

Digital Library

[49]

Thomas Smith, Marianna Obrist, and Peter Wright. 2013. Live-streaming Changes the (Video) Game. In Proceedings of the 11th European Conference on Interactive TV and Video (EuroITV '13). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 131--138.

Digital Library

[50]

Samantha Stahlke, James Robb, and Pejman Mirza-Babaei. 2018. The Fall of the Fourth Wall: Designing and Evaluating Interactive Spectator Experiences. International Journal of Gaming and Computer-Mediated Simulations 10, 1 (January 2018), 42--62.

Digital Library

[51]

Streamlabs. 2017. Streamlabs Live Streaming Report Q2'17 - 53% Growth, $100M, Twitch & YouTube Crushing It. https://blog.streamlabs.com/streamlabs-live-streaming-report-q217-53-growth-100m-twitch-youtube-crushing-it-1b9048efb4e2. (August 2017). Accessed: 2018-04-16.

[52]

Sean Targett, Victoria Verlysdonk, Howard J Hamilton, and Daryl Hepting. 2012. A study of user interface modifications in World of Warcraft. Game Studies 12, 2 (2012).

[53]

Nicholas Thiel Taylor. 2016. Now you're playing with audience power: the work of watching games. Critical Studies in Media Communication 33, 4 (2016), 293--307.

[54]

T. L. Taylor. 2012. Raising the Stakes: E-Sports and the Professionalization of Computer Gaming. The MIT Press.

Digital Library

[55]

Burak S. Tekin and Stuart Reeves. 2017. Ways of Spectating: Unravelling Spectator Participation in Kinect Play. In Proc. of the 2017 CHI Conf. on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '17). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 1558--1570.

Digital Library

[56]

Time. 2016. I Went to a Massive E-Sports Tournament and Was Blown Away. http://time.com/4543203/league-legends-worlds-madison-square-garden/. (October 2016). Accessed: 2018-04-16.

[57]

Zachary O. Toups, Nicole K. Crenshaw, Rina R. Wehbe, Gustavo F. Tondello, and Lennart E. Nacke. 2016. "The Collecting Itself Feels Good". Proc. of the 2016 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play - CHI PLAY '16 (2016), 276--290.

Digital Library

[58]

Guenter Wallner and Simone Kriglstein. 2016. Visualizations for Retrospective Analysis of Battles in Team-based Combat Games. Proc. of the 2016 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play - CHI PLAY '16 (2016), 22--32.

Digital Library

[59]

Jason Wuertz, Scott Bateman, and Anthony Tang. 2017. Why Players Use Pings and Annotations in Dota 2. In Proc. of the 2017 CHI Conf. on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '17). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 1978--2018.

Digital Library

[60]

Veronica Zammitto. 2008. Visualization Techniques in Video Games. Electronic Information, the Visual Arts and Beyond (2008), 267--276.

[61]

Georg Zoeller. 2010. Development telemetry in video games projects. https://www.gdcvault.com/play/1012227/Development-Telemetry-in-Video-Games. (March 2010). Accessed: 2018-04-16.

Cited By

Mane SElmqvist N(2024)"Wichita 1-1, Fox Three" - The Role of 3D Telemetry Analysis in Combat Flight SimulationProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36771148:CHI PLAY(1-27)Online publication date: 15-Oct-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3677114
Hammad NHarpstead EHammer J(2024)Towards a Design Framework for Data-Driven Game Streaming: A Multi-Stakeholder ApproachProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36771078:CHI PLAY(1-28)Online publication date: 15-Oct-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3677107
Pedrassoli Chitayat ABlock FWalker JDrachen A(2024)How Could They Win? An Exploration of Win Condition for Esports Narratives in Dota 2Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36770798:CHI PLAY(1-22)Online publication date: 15-Oct-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3677079
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Real-Time Dashboards to Support eSports Spectating
1. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)
    1. Interaction paradigms
      1. Graphical user interfaces
  2. Visualization
    1. Visualization application domains
      1. Information visualization

Recommendations

Investigating relationships between video gaming, spectating esports, and gambling

An established body of research exists in which playing video games has been associated with potentially problematic behaviours, such as gambling. An issue highlighted by the recent emergence of game-based gambling practices such as loot boxes, social ...
The Fall of the Fourth Wall: Designing and Evaluating Interactive Spectator Experiences

Over the past several years, the live-streaming of digital games has experienced a vast increase in popularity, coinciding with the rise of eSports as an entertainment medium. For a rapidly growing audience, streamed content provides material from an ...
Esports as playful consumption experiences: Examining the antecedents and consequences of game engagement
Highlights
- Playful consumption experiences influence esports game engagement.
- Esports ...
Abstract
This study aims to propose and test a conceptual model identifying playful-consumption experiences (i.e., role-projection, fantasy, escapism, enjoyment, sensory experiences, emotional involvement, and arousal) as potential drivers of ...

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

CHI PLAY '18: Proceedings of the 2018 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play

October 2018

563 pages

ISBN:9781450356244

DOI:10.1145/3242671

General Chairs:
Florian 'Floyd' Mueller
Exertion Games Lab, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
,
Daniel Johnson
Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
,
Ben Schouten
Eindhoven University of Technology and Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, the Netherlands
,
Program Chairs:
Phoebe O. Toups Dugas
Play & Interactive Experiences for Learning Lab, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA
,
Peta Wyeth
Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia

Copyright © 2018 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

SIGCHI: ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 23 October 2018

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article

Conference

CHI PLAY '18

Sponsor:

SIGCHI

CHI PLAY '18: The annual symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play

October 28 - 31, 2018

VIC, Melbourne, Australia

Acceptance Rates

CHI PLAY '18 Paper Acceptance Rate 43 of 123 submissions, 35%;

Overall Acceptance Rate 421 of 1,386 submissions, 30%

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

47
Total Citations
View Citations
1,089
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)92
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)11

Reflects downloads up to 08 Mar 2025

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Mane SElmqvist N(2024)"Wichita 1-1, Fox Three" - The Role of 3D Telemetry Analysis in Combat Flight SimulationProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36771148:CHI PLAY(1-27)Online publication date: 15-Oct-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3677114
Hammad NHarpstead EHammer J(2024)Towards a Design Framework for Data-Driven Game Streaming: A Multi-Stakeholder ApproachProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36771078:CHI PLAY(1-28)Online publication date: 15-Oct-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3677107
Pedrassoli Chitayat ABlock FWalker JDrachen A(2024)How Could They Win? An Exploration of Win Condition for Esports Narratives in Dota 2Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36770798:CHI PLAY(1-22)Online publication date: 15-Oct-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3677079
Tyack AMekler E(2024)Self-Determination Theory and HCI Games Research: Unfulfilled Promises and Unquestioned ParadigmsACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction10.1145/367323031:3(1-74)Online publication date: 15-Jun-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3673230
Kleinman ESeif El-Nasr MPfau JKriglstein SWallner GMelhart DYannakakis GZhu JWatson BHarteveld C(2024)Ethics and Transparency in Game DataCompanion Proceedings of the 2024 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play10.1145/3665463.3678859(466-470)Online publication date: 14-Oct-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3665463.3678859
Hammad NElavsky FMoharana SChen JLee SCarrington PMoritz DHammer JHarpstead E(2024)Exploring The Affordances of Game-Aware Streaming to Support Blind and Low Vision Viewers: A Design Probe StudyProceedings of the 26th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility10.1145/3663548.3675665(1-13)Online publication date: 27-Oct-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3663548.3675665
Wang LDormann CWallner G(2024)A Feature Comparison Study of Live Companion Tools for Esports GamesProceedings of the 19th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games10.1145/3649921.3650004(1-11)Online publication date: 21-May-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3649921.3650004
Pedrassoli Chitayat ABlock FWalker JDrachen A(2024)Applying and Visualising Complex Models in Esport Broadcast CoverageProceedings of the 2024 ACM International Conference on Interactive Media Experiences10.1145/3639701.3656319(108-116)Online publication date: 7-Jun-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3639701.3656319
Liu SMa RZhao CLi ZXiao JLi Q(2024)BPCoach: Exploring Hero Drafting in Professional MOBA Tournaments via Visual AnalyticsProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36373038:CSCW1(1-31)Online publication date: 26-Apr-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3637303
Lee HLee SNallapati RUh YLee B(2024)Characterizing and Quantifying Expert Input Behavior in League of LegendsProceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3613904.3642588(1-21)Online publication date: 11-May-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3613904.3642588
Show More Cited By

View Options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Figures

Tables

Media

View Table of Conten