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Secure QR Code Scheme Using Nonlinearity of Spatial Frequency

Published: 08 October 2018 Publication History

Abstract

Quick Response (QR) codes are rapidly becoming pervasive in our daily life because of its fast readability and the popularity of smartphones with a built-in camera. However, recent researches raise security concerns because QR codes can be easily sniffed and decoded which can lead to private information leakage or financial loss. To address the issue, we present mQRCode which exploit patterns with specific spatial frequency to camouflage QR codes. When the targeted receiver put a camera at the designated position (e.g., 30cm and 0° above the camouflaged QR code), the original QR code is revealed due to the Moiré phenomenon. Malicious adversaries will only see camouflaged QR code at any other position. Our experiments show that the decoding rate of mQR codes is 95% or above within 0.83 seconds. When the camera is 10cm or 15° away from the designated location, the decoding rate drops to 0 so it's secure from attackers.

References

[1]
I. Amidror. The Theory of the Moiré Phenomenon: Volume I Periodic Layers. Springer, 2nd edition, 2014.
[2]
X. Bai, Z. Zhou, X. Wang, Z. Li, X. Mi, N. Zhang, T. Li, S.-M. Hu, and K. Zhang. Picking up my tab: Understanding and mitigating synchronized token lifting and spending in mobile payment. In USENIX Security Symposium, 2017.
[3]
Y. Desmedt and T. van Le. Moiré cryptography. In ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security, 2000.
[4]
R. D. Hersch and S. Chosson. Band moiré images. ACM Trans. Graph., 2004.
[5]
G. Lebanon and A. M. Bruckstein. Variational approach to moiré pattern synthesis. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 2001.
[6]
P. Punithavathi and S. Geetha. Visual cryptography: A brief survey. Information Security Journal: A Global Perspective, 26(6):305--317, 2017.
[7]
P. H. Tsai and Y. Y. Chuang. Target-driven moire pattern synthesis by phase modulation. In IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, 2013.

Cited By

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  • (2024)Variable masking pattern-based QR codes for high security2024 IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Computing and Communication Technologies (CONECCT)10.1109/CONECCT62155.2024.10677114(1-5)Online publication date: 12-Jul-2024
  • (2023)MagneComm+: Near-Field Electromagnetic Induction Communication With MagnetometerIEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing10.1109/TMC.2021.313348122:5(2789-2801)Online publication date: 1-May-2023
  • (2023)Effectively Learning Moiré QR Code Decryption from Simulated DataIEEE INFOCOM 2023 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications10.1109/INFOCOM53939.2023.10229000(1-10)Online publication date: 17-May-2023
  • Show More Cited By

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Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
UbiComp '18: Proceedings of the 2018 ACM International Joint Conference and 2018 International Symposium on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing and Wearable Computers
October 2018
1881 pages
ISBN:9781450359665
DOI:10.1145/3267305
Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be honored. For all other uses, contact the Owner/Author.

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 08 October 2018

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Author Tags

  1. Nonlinear System
  2. QR Code
  3. Security
  4. Visual Encryption

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  • Poster
  • Research
  • Refereed limited

Funding Sources

  • the Joint Key Project

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UbiComp '18
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Overall Acceptance Rate 764 of 2,912 submissions, 26%

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Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Variable masking pattern-based QR codes for high security2024 IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Computing and Communication Technologies (CONECCT)10.1109/CONECCT62155.2024.10677114(1-5)Online publication date: 12-Jul-2024
  • (2023)MagneComm+: Near-Field Electromagnetic Induction Communication With MagnetometerIEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing10.1109/TMC.2021.313348122:5(2789-2801)Online publication date: 1-May-2023
  • (2023)Effectively Learning Moiré QR Code Decryption from Simulated DataIEEE INFOCOM 2023 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications10.1109/INFOCOM53939.2023.10229000(1-10)Online publication date: 17-May-2023
  • (2022)SQR: Secure QR Transaction with Randomized Rotation2022 13th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)10.1109/ICTC55196.2022.9952603(1697-1702)Online publication date: 19-Oct-2022
  • (2019)mQRCodeThe 25th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking10.1145/3300061.3345428(1-18)Online publication date: 5-Aug-2019

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