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Poster: Secure Visible Light Communication based on Nonlinearity of Spatial Frequency in Light

Published: 11 October 2019 Publication History

Abstract

Quick response (QR) codes are becoming pervasive due to their rapid readability and the popularity of smartphones with built-in cameras. QR codes are also gaining importance in the retail sector as a convenient mobile payment method. However, researchers have concerns regarding the security of QR codes, which leave users susceptible to financial loss or private information leakage. In this study, we address this issue by developing a novel QR code (called mQR code), which exploits patterns presenting a specific spatial frequency as a form of camouflage. When the targeted receiver holds a camera in a designated position (e.g., directly in front at a distance of 30 cm from the camouflaged QR code), the original QR code is revealed in form of a Moiré pattern. From any other position, only the camouflaged QR code can be seen. In experiments, the decryption rate of mQR codes is $> 98%$. The decryption rate for cameras positioned $20\degree$ off axis or $> 10cm$ from the designated location drops to $0%$, indicating that any attackers will be unable to steal a usable image.

References

[1]
Alipay. 2019. Alipay: Experience fast, easy and safe online payments. https://intl.alipay.com/
[2]
Xiaolong Bai, Zhe Zhou, XiaoFeng Wang, Zhou Li, Xianghang Mi, Nan Zhang, Tongxin Li, Shi-Min Hu, and Kehuan Zhang. 2017. Picking up my tab: Understanding and mitigating synchronized token lifting and spending in mobile payment. In 26th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 17). 593--608.
[3]
Siwon Sung, Joonghwan Lee, Jinmok Kim, Jongho Mun, and Dongho Won. 2015. Security Analysis of Mobile Authentication Using QRCodes. Computer Science & Information Technology - Computer Science Conference Proceedings (2015).
[4]
Pei-Hen Tsai and Yung-Yu Chuang. 2013. Target-driven moire pattern synthesis by phase modulation. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision. 1912--1919.
[5]
Wikipedia. 2019. Wikipedia, Color Filter Array. https://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Bayer_filter/

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Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
MobiCom '19: The 25th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking
August 2019
1017 pages
ISBN:9781450361699
DOI:10.1145/3300061
Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be honored. For all other uses, contact the Owner/Author.

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 11 October 2019

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Author Tags

  1. nonlinearity
  2. screen-camera communication
  3. secure qr code

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  • Poster

Funding Sources

  • National Natural Science Foundation of China

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MobiCom '19
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Overall Acceptance Rate 440 of 2,972 submissions, 15%

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