ABSTRACT
Commitment devices-a self-imposed contract that helps an individual stick to a plan of action-have been widely used to make a positive influence on one's behavior change. We analyze commitment contract posts in StickK.com, an online behavior change support system to characterize the types of target behaviors and the effectiveness of different commitment devices for behavioral changes. We provide several practical implications for designing behavior change support systems that could inform further directions for research in behavioral economics and psychology.
- Håvar Brendryen and Pål Kraft. 2008. Happy Ending: a randomized controlled trial of a digital multi-media smokingcessation intervention. Addiction 103, 3 (2008), 478--484.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Gharad Bryan, Dean Karlan, and Scott Nelson. 2010. Commitment devices. Annu. Rev. Econ. 2, 1 (2010), 671--698.Google Scholar
- Charness, Gary, and Uri Gneezy. "Incentives to Exercise." Econometrica 77.3 (2009): 909--931.Google Scholar
- Brian J Fogg and Jason Hreha. 2010. Behavior wizard: a method for matching target behaviors with solutions. In International Conference on Persuasive Technology. Springer, 117--131.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Xavier Giné, Dean Karlan, and Jonathan Zinman. 2010. Put your money where your butt is: a commitment contract forsmoking cessation. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 2, 4 (2010), 213--35.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Robert Hurling, Michael Catt, Marco De Boni, Bruce Fairley, Tina Hurst, Peter Murray, Alannah Richardson, and JaspreetSodhi. 2007. Using internet and mobile phone technology to deliver an automated physical activity program: randomizedcontrolled trial. Journal of medical Internet research 9, 2 (2007), e7.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Felipe Kast, Stephan Meier, and Dina Pomeranz. 2012. Under-savers anonymous: Evidence on self-help groups and peerpressure as a savings commitment device. Technical Report. National Bureau of Economic Research.Google Scholar
- Supreet Kaur, Michael Kremer, and Sendhil Mullainathan. 2015. Self-control at work. Journal of Political Economy 123, 6(2015), 1227--1277.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Amy E Latimer, Lawrence R Brawley, and Rebecca L Bassett. 2010. A systematic review of three approaches for constructingphysical activity messages: what messages work and what improvements are needed? International journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity 7, 1 (2010), 36.Google Scholar
- Uichin Lee, Kyungsik Han, Hyunsung Cho, Kyong-Mee Chung, Hwajung Hong, Sung-Ju Lee, Youngtae Noh, SooyoungPark, and John M Carroll. 2019. Intelligent positive computing with mobile, wearable, and IoT devices: Literature review and research directions. Ad Hoc Networks 83 (2019), 8--24.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Mia Liza A Lustria, Seth M Noar, Juliann Cortese, Stephanie K Van Stee, Robert L Glueckauf, and Junga Lee. 2013. Ameta-analysis of web-delivered tailored health behavior change interventions. Journal of health communication 18, 9(2013), 1039--1069.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Andrew D Miller and Elizabeth D Mynatt. 2014. StepStream: a school-based pervasive social fitness system for everyday adolescent health. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 2823--2832.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Wieland Müller and Andrew Schotter. 2010. Workaholics and dropouts in organizations. Journal of the European Economic Association 8, 4 (2010), 717--743.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Sean A Munson, Erin Krupka, Caroline Richardson, and Paul Resnick. 2015. Effects of public commitments and accountability in a technology-supported physical activity intervention. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1135--1144.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Melissa A Napolitano, Sharon Hayes, Gary G Bennett, Allison K Ives, and Gary D Foster. 2013. Using Facebook and textmessaging to deliver a weight loss program to college students. Obesity 21, 1 (2013), 25--31.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Prashanth U Nyer and Stephanie Dellande. 2010. Public commitment as a motivator for weight loss. Psychology & Marketing 27, 1 (2010), 1--12.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Harry T Reis, W Andrew Collins, and Ellen Berscheid. 2000. The relationship context of human behavior and development. Psychological bulletin 126, 6 (2000), 844.Google Scholar
- Heather Royer, Mark Stehr, and Justin Sydnor. 2015. Incentives, commitments, and habit formation in exercise: evidence from a field experiment with workers at a fortune-500 company. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 7, 3 (2015), 51--84.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Manu Manthri Savani. 2018. The effects of a commitment device on health outcomes: Reputational commitment and weight loss in an online experiment. International Journal of Applied Behavioral Economics (IJABE) 7, 4 (2018), 1--20.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Ulrich Schmidt and Horst Zank. 2005. What is loss aversion? Journal of risk and uncertainty 30, 2 (2005), 157--167.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Kevin G Volpp, Leslie K John, Andrea B Troxel, Laurie Norton, Jennifer Fassbender, and George Loewenstein. 2008. Financialincentive-based approaches for weight loss: a randomized trial. Jama 300, 22 (2008), 2631--2637.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Rena R Wing and Robert W Jeffery. 1999. Benefits of recruiting participants with friends and increasing social support for weight loss and maintenance. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology 67, 1 (1999), 132.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Andrew J Winzelberg, Dori Eppstein, Kathleen L Eldredge, Denise Wilfley, Radhika Dasmahapatra, Parvati Dev, and C Barr Taylor. 2000. Effectiveness of an Internet-based program for reducing risk factors for eating disorders. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology 68, 2 (2000), 346.Google ScholarCross Ref
Recommendations
Sticky Goals: Understanding Goal Commitments for Behavioral Changes in the Wild
CHI '21: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsA commitment device, an attempt to bind oneself for a successful goal achievement, has been used as an effective strategy to promote behavior change. However, little is known about how commitment devices are used in the wild, and what aspects of ...
The role of commitment devices and self-shaping in persuasive technology
CHI EA '11: CHI '11 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing SystemsWe examine the role of self-shaping and commitment devices in persuasive systems. Self-shaping refers to the practice of taking purposeful action in modifying one's environment in order to shape or influence one's own future behavior. We present results ...
Behavior change support systems: a research model and agenda
PERSUASIVE'10: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Persuasive TechnologyThis article introduces the concept of a behavior change support system and suggests it as a key construct for research on persuasive systems design, technologies, and applications. Key concepts for behavior change support systems are defined and a ...
Comments