skip to main content
10.1145/3314111.3322866acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesetraConference Proceedingsconference-collections
abstract

When you don't see what you expect: incongruence in music and source code reading

Published: 25 June 2019 Publication History

Abstract

Both musicians and programmers have expectations when they read music scores or source code. The goal of these studies is to get an insight into what will happen when these expectations are violated in familiar tasks. In music reading study, we explored eye movements of musically experienced participants singing and playing on a piano familiar melodies either containing or not containing a bar shifted down a tone in two different keys. First-pass fixation durations, the mean pupil size during first-pass fixations and eye-time span parameters were analysed using linear mixed models. All three parameters can provide useful information on the processing of incongruence in music. Furthermore, the pupil size parameter might be sensitive to the modality of performance. In the code reading study, we plan to explore incongruence in familiar code tasks and its reflection in eye movements of programmers.

References

[1]
Avid Technologies. 2016. Sibelius. Product highlights. https://www.avid.com/sibelius#Overview-Product-Highlights
[2]
Douglas Bates, Martin Mächler, Ben Bolker, and Steve Walker. Fitting Linear Mixed-Effects Models Using lme4. Journal of Statistical Software, 67, 1 (2015), 1 -- 48.
[3]
Roman Bednarik. 2007. Methods to analyze visual attention strategies: Applications in the studies of programming. PhD thesis, Department of Computer Science and Statistics, University of Joensuu, 2007.
[4]
Warren Brodsky and Yoav Kessler. 2017. The effect of beam slope on the perception of melodic contour. Acta Psychologica, 180, (2017), 190--199.
[5]
Warren Brodsky, Avishai Henik, Bat-Sheva Rubinstein, and Moshe Zorman. 2003. Perception & Psychophysics, 65, 4 (2017), 602--612.
[6]
Teresa Busjahn, Roman Bednarik, Andrew Begel, Martha Crosby, James H. Paterson, Carsten Schulte, Bonita Sharif, and Sascha Tamm. 2015. Eye Movements in Code Reading: Relaxing the Linear Order. In Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Program Comprehension (ICPC '15). IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, 255--265. http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2820282.2820320
[7]
Teresa Busjahn, Carsten Schulte, and Andreas Busjahn. 2011. Analysis of code reading to gain more insight in program comprehension. In Proceedings of the 11th Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research, Koli, Finland, 1--9.
[8]
Thomas W. Goolsby. 1994. Eye movement in music reading: Effects of reading ability, notational complexity, and encounters. Music Perception: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 12, 1, (1994) 77--96.
[9]
Lauren V. Hadley, Patrick Sturt, Tuomas Eerola, and Martin J. Pickering. 2017. Incremental comprehension of pitch relationships in written music: Evidence from eye movements. Quarterly journal of experimental psychology, (2017), 1--30.
[10]
Michael Hansen, Robert L. Goldstone, and Andrew Lumsdaine. 2013. What makes code hard to understand? CoRR, vol. abs/1304.5257, 2013
[11]
Erkki Huovinen, Anna-Kaisa Ylitalo, and Marjaana Puurtinen. 2018. Early attraction in temporally controlled sight reading of music. Journal of Eye Movement Research, 11, 2 (2018).
[12]
Marjaana Penttinen, and Erkki Huovinen. 2011. The early development of sight-reading skills in adulthood: a study of eye movements. Journal of Research in Music Education, 59, 2 (2011), 196--220.
[13]
Marjaana Penttinen, Erkki Huovinen, and Anna-Kaisa Ylitalo. 2015. Reading ahead: Adult music students' eye movements in temporally controlled performances of a children's song. International Journal of Music Education: Research, 33,1 (2015), 36--50.
[14]
Marjaana Puurtinen. 2018. Eye on Music Reading: A Methodological Review of Studies from 1994 to 2017. Journal of Eye Movement Research, 11, 2 (2018).
[15]
R Core Team. 2018. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna. https://www.R-project.org
[16]
Carsten Schulte. 2008. Block model: an educational model of program comprehension as a tool for a scholarly approach to teaching. In Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Computing Education Research, ICER '08, Sydney, Australia. (pp. 149--160).
[17]
Carsten Schulte, Tony Clear, Ahmad Taherkhani, Teresa Busjahn, and James H. Paterson. 2010. An introduction to program comprehension for computer science educators. In Proceedings of the 2010 ITiCSE Working Group Reports, ITiCSEWGR'10, Ankara, Turkey. (pp. 65--86).
[18]
Tobii Technology AB. 2010. Tobii TX 300 Product Description. https://www.tobiipro.com/siteassets/tobii-pro/product-descriptions/tobii-pro-tx300-product-description.pdf/?v=1.0
[19]
Tobii Technology AB. 2010. Tobii Studio 2.2 User Manual.
[20]
Andrew J. Waters, and Geoffrey Underwood. 1998. Eye movements in a simple music reading task: A study of experts and novice musicians. Psychology of Music, 26, 1 (1998), 46--60.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Uncovering and Addressing Blink-Related Challenges in Using Eye Tracking for Interactive SystemsProceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3613904.3642086(1-23)Online publication date: 11-May-2024
  • (2020)Handling of incongruences in music notation during singing or playingInternational Journal of Music Education10.1177/025576142094403639:1(18-38)Online publication date: 20-Jul-2020

Index Terms

  1. When you don't see what you expect: incongruence in music and source code reading

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image ACM Conferences
    ETRA '19: Proceedings of the 11th ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications
    June 2019
    623 pages
    ISBN:9781450367097
    DOI:10.1145/3314111
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be honored. For all other uses, contact the Owner/Author.

    Sponsors

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 25 June 2019

    Check for updates

    Author Tags

    1. code reading
    2. expectation incongruence
    3. eye-time span
    4. music reading
    5. pupil size

    Qualifiers

    • Abstract

    Conference

    ETRA '19

    Acceptance Rates

    Overall Acceptance Rate 69 of 137 submissions, 50%

    Upcoming Conference

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)6
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)1
    Reflects downloads up to 12 Feb 2025

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all
    • (2024)Uncovering and Addressing Blink-Related Challenges in Using Eye Tracking for Interactive SystemsProceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3613904.3642086(1-23)Online publication date: 11-May-2024
    • (2020)Handling of incongruences in music notation during singing or playingInternational Journal of Music Education10.1177/025576142094403639:1(18-38)Online publication date: 20-Jul-2020

    View Options

    Login options

    View options

    PDF

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    Figures

    Tables

    Media

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media