ABSTRACT
Organisations differ in the acceptance of playfulness at the workplace. While some value playful approaches as a means of increasing employees' motivation, others are convinced that playing games is not appropriate in a working context. Depending on whether playful approaches are accepted and supported by management and employees or not, we argue that work gamification has different effects. Based on organisational climate research, we present the concept of Gamification Climate in organisations. To measure this, we have developed a corresponding survey instrument; the Gamification Climate Scale (GCS). Initial validation results (N=139) indicate good reliability and provided indications for the further development of the scale. The GCS may be considered as a promising tool for future research on work gamification as well as for using it in organisations that aim to implement gamification approaches.
- Neil R. Anderson and Michael A. West. 1998. Measuring climate for work group innovation: Development and validation of the team climate inventory. Journal of Organizational Behavior 19, 3 (1998), 235--258. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/stable/3100170Google ScholarCross Ref
- Markus Baer and Michael Frese. 2003. Innovation is not enough: climates for initiative and psychological safety, process innovations, and firm performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior 24 1 (2003), 45--68. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/job.179Google Scholar
- Deborah L. Bandalos. 2018. Measurement theory and applications for the social sciences. Guilford Publications. https://books.google.at/books?id=SCe7AQAACAAJGoogle Scholar
- M. Teresa Cardador, Gregory B. Northcraft, and Jordan Whicker. 2017. A theory of work gamification: Something old, something new, something borrowed, something cool? Human Resource Management Review 27, 2 (2017), 353--365. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2016.09.014Google ScholarCross Ref
- Sharon Clarke. 2006. The relationship between safety climate and safety performance: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 11, 4 (2006), 315--327. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1076--8998.11.4.315Google ScholarCross Ref
- Sebastian Deterding, Dan Dixon, Rilla Khaled, and Lennart Nacke. 2011. From game design elements to gamefulness: Defining "gamification". In Proceedings of the 15th International Academic MindTrek Conference: Envisioning Future Media Environments (MindTrek '11). ACM, 9--15. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2181037.2181040Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ana T. Ferreira, Alexandra M. Araújo, Sandra Fernandes, and Isabel Cerca Miguel. 2017. Gamification in the workplace: A systematic literature review. In Recent Advances in Information Systems and Technologies (WorldCIST 2017). Springer, 283--292. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978--3--319--56541--5_29Google ScholarCross Ref
- Inc HabitRPG. 2018. Habitica: Gamified Taskmanager (1.13). (2018). Available at https://habitica.com (Accessed: June, 2019).Google Scholar
- Kai Huotari and Juho Hamari. 2012. Defining Gamification - A Service Marketing Perspective. Proceeding of the 16th International Academic MindTrek Conference (10 2012). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2393132.2393137Google ScholarDigital Library
- Brooke A. Jones, Gregory J. Madden, and Heidi J. Wengreen. 2014. The FIT game: Preliminary evaluation of a gamification approach to increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in school. Preventive Medicine 68 (2014), 76--79. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.04.015Google ScholarCross Ref
- Paul Kline. 1999. The handbook of psychological testing. 2nd edition: London: Routledge (1999).Google Scholar
- Joey Lee, Pinar Ceyhan, William Jordan-Cooley, and Woonhee Sung. 2013. Greenify: A real-world action game for climate change education. Simulation & Gaming 44 (2013), 349--365. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1046878112470539Google ScholarCross Ref
- Michael K. Lindell and Christina J. Brandt. 2000. Climate quality and climate consensus as mediators of the relationship between organizational antecedents and outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology 85, 3 (2000), 331. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037//0021--9010.85.3.331Google ScholarCross Ref
- Cheri Ostroff, Angelo J. Kinicki, and Melinda M. Tamkins. 2003. Organizational culture and climate. In Handbook of Psychology: Industrial and Organizational Psychology. Methodology in the Social Sciences, Vol. 12. New York: Wiley. 565--593 pages.Google Scholar
- Christopher Paul Parker, Boris Ben Baltes, Scott A. Young, Joseph William Huff, Robert Altmann, Heather A. Lacost, and J. Elizabeth Roberts. 2003. Relationships between psychological climate perceptions and work outcomes: a meta-analytic review. Journal of Organizational Behavior 24 (2003), 389--416. Issue 4. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/job.198Google ScholarCross Ref
- S. Douglas Pugh, Joerg Dietz, Arthur P. Brief, and Jack W. Wiley. 2008. Looking inside and out: the impact of employee and community demographic composition on organizational diversity climate. The Journal of Applied Psychology 93 6 (2008), 1422--1428. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0012696Google Scholar
- Inc. Reddit. 2019. Reddit. (2019). Available at https://www.reddit.com/ (Accessed: June, 2019).Google Scholar
- Benjamin Schneider, Mark G. Ehrhart, and William H. Macey. 2013. Organizational climate and culture. Annual Review of Psychology 64, 1 (2013), 361--388. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/ annurev-psych-113011--143809Google ScholarCross Ref
- Benjamin Schneider and William Macey Mark G. Ehrhart. 2011. Perspectives on organizational climate and culture. In APA Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Vol. 1. Building and Developing the Organization, ed. S Zedeck. Washington, DC: Am. Psychol. Assoc. 373--414 pages.Google Scholar
- Benjamin Schneider and Arnon. E. Reichers. 1983. On the etiology of climates. Personnel Psychology. The Journal of Applied Psychology 36 (1983), 19--39. DOI: http: //dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744--6570.1983.tb00500.xGoogle Scholar
- Benjamin Schneider, Amy Nicole Salvaggio, and Montse Subirats. 2002. Climate strength: a new direction for climate research. Journal of Applied Psychology 87, 2 (2002), 220--229. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.04.195Google ScholarCross Ref
- Peter Tolmie, Alan Chamberlain, and Steve Benford. 2014. Designing for reportability: Sustainable gamification, public engagement, and promoting environmental debate. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing 18 (2014), 1763--1774. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00779-013-0755-yGoogle ScholarDigital Library
Index Terms
- Organisational Climate Fostering Playfulness: Introducing the Gamification Climate Scale
Recommendations
From game design elements to gamefulness: defining "gamification"
MindTrek '11: Proceedings of the 15th International Academic MindTrek Conference: Envisioning Future Media EnvironmentsRecent years have seen a rapid proliferation of mass-market consumer software that takes inspiration from video games. Usually summarized as "gamification", this trend connects to a sizeable body of existing concepts and research in human-computer ...
Emergence and playfulness in social games
MindTrek '10: Proceedings of the 14th International Academic MindTrek Conference: Envisioning Future Media EnvironmentsSocial Games, built and played on social networks such as Facebook, have rapidly become a major force in the world of game development, and the top social games today claim more players than any other online game on any format.
As social games begin to ...
Using the Hierarchical Linear Model to Construct Organizational Climate, Organizational Commitment, and Work Satisfaction Relationships of Freight Forwarder Shipping Companies
MoMM '14: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Advances in Mobile Computing and MultimediaThis study formulated a hierarchical linear model (HLM) at the individual level whether organizational climate of the employee would affect organizational commitment positively, whether organizational commitment would affect work satisfaction positively,...
Comments