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Techniques and Analysis for Mixed-criticality Scheduling with Mode-dependent Server Execution Budgets

Published: 08 October 2019 Publication History

Abstract

In mixed-criticality systems, tasks of different criticality share system resources, mainly to reduce cost. Cost is further reduced by using adaptive mode-based scheduling arrangements, such as Vestal’s model, to improve resource efficiency, while guaranteeing schedulability of critical functionality. To simplify safety certification, servers are often used to provide temporal isolation between tasks. In its simplest form, a server is a periodically recurring time window, in which some tasks are scheduled. A server’s computational requirements may greatly vary in different modes, although state-of-the-art techniques and schedulability tests do not allow different budgets to be used by a server in different modes. This results in a single conservative execution budget for all modes, increasing system cost.
The goal of this paper is to reduce the cost of mixed-criticality systems through three main contributions: (i) a scheduling arrangement for uniprocessor systems employing fixed-priority scheduling within periodic servers, whose budgets are dynamically adjusted at run-time in the event of a mode change, (ii) a new schedulability analysis for such systems, and (iii) heuristic algorithms for assigning budgets to servers in different modes and ordering the execution of the servers. Experiments with synthetic task sets demonstrate considerable improvements (up to 52.8%) in scheduling success ratio when using dynamic server budgets vs. static “one-size-fits-all-modes” budgets.

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  1. Techniques and Analysis for Mixed-criticality Scheduling with Mode-dependent Server Execution Budgets

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      cover image ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems
      ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems  Volume 18, Issue 5s
      Special Issue ESWEEK 2019, CASES 2019, CODES+ISSS 2019 and EMSOFT 2019
      October 2019
      1423 pages
      ISSN:1539-9087
      EISSN:1558-3465
      DOI:10.1145/3365919
      Issue’s Table of Contents
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      Publication History

      Published: 08 October 2019
      Accepted: 01 July 2019
      Revised: 01 June 2019
      Received: 01 April 2019
      Published in TECS Volume 18, Issue 5s

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      Author Tags

      1. Real-time systems
      2. dynamic execution Budget
      3. mixed-criticality scheduling
      4. mode change
      5. server-based scheduling
      6. timing isolation
      7. vestal model

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