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Transposition and time-warp invariant algorithm for detecting repeated patterns in polyphonic music

Published: 09 November 2019 Publication History

Abstract

Finding repetitions in music is a fundamental music information retrieval problem that has several scientific and engineering applications. A popular algorithm for the problem is, the structure induction algorithm developed by Meredith et. al. [10]. is transposition invariant, allows gaps between the notes, and can process both monophonic and polyphonic music. However, the algorithm does not allow any distortion in the time dimension.
In this paper, we introduce a new algorithm that has all ’s capabilities, but also respects time-warp invariance. Such invariance is highly needed, for instance, when there are rhythmic variations in the music, or the input data stems from a live performance. Like SIA, our algorithm works in O(n2log n) time, where n denotes the number of notes, and can efficiently process inputs of thousands of notes using current computers.

References

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[1] R. Clifford, M. Christodoulakis, T. Crawford, D. Meredith, and G. Wiggins. 2006. A fast, randomised, maximal subset matching algorithm for document-level music retrieval. In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Music Information Retrieval (ISMIR 2006), 150–155.
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[2] A. Ferraro and K. Lemström. 2018. On large-scale genre classification in symbolically encoded music by automatic identification of repeating patterns. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Digital Libraries for Musicology (DLfM 2018), 34–37.
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[3] M.L. Fredman. 1975. On computing the length of longest increasing subsequences. Discrete Mathematics 11, 1 (1975), 23–35.
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[4] A. Ghias, J. Logan, D. Chamberlin, and B.C. Smith. 1995. Query by humming – musical information retrieval in an audio database. In Proceedings of ACM Multimedia 1995, 231–236.
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[5] B. Janssen, W. Bas de Haas, A. Volk, and P. van Kranenburg. 2013. Finding repeated patterns in music: state of knowledge, challenges, perspectives. In Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Computer Music Modeling and Retrieval (CMMR 2013), 277–297.
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[6] A. Klapuri. 2010. Pattern induction and matching in music signals. In Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Computer Music Modeling and Retrieval (CMMR 2010), 188–204.
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[7] D.E. Knuth. 1973. The Art of Computer Programming. Volume 3: Sorting and Searching. Addison-Wesley.
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[8] A. Laaksonen and K. Lemström. 2013. On finding symbolic themes directly from audio using dynamic programming. In Proceedings of the 14th International Society for Music Information Retrieval Conference (ISMIR 2013), 47–52.
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[9] F. Lerdahl and R. Jackendoff. 1983. A Generative Theory of Tonal Music. MIT Press, Cambridge.
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[10] D. Meredith, K. Lemström, and G.A. Wiggins. 2002. Algorithms for discovering repeated patterns in multidimensional representations of polyphonic music. Journal of New Music Research, 31, 4 (2002), 321–345.
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[11] M. Mongeau and D. Sankoff. 1990. Comparison of musical sequences. Computers and the Humanities, 24 (1990), 161–175.
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[12] R. Typke. 2007. Music Retrieval based on Melodic Similarity. PhD thesis, Utrecht University, Netherlands.
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[13] A. Uitdenbogerd and J. Zobel. 1998. Manipulation of music for melody matching. In Proceedings of ACM Multimedia 1998, 235–240.
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[14] R.J. Weiss and J. Bello. 2010. Identifying repeated patterns in music using sparse convolutive non-negative matrix factorization. In Proceedings of the 11th International Society for Music Information Retrieval Conference (ISMIR 2010), 123–128.

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DLfM '19: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Digital Libraries for Musicology
November 2019
88 pages
ISBN:9781450372398
DOI:10.1145/3358664
  • Conference Chair:
  • David Rizo
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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

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Published: 09 November 2019

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Author Tags

  1. patterns
  2. polyphonic music
  3. repetitions
  4. symbolic music

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