research-article

Attention Regulation Framework: Designing Self-Regulated Mindfulness Technologies

Authors:

Kavous Salehzadeh Niksirat,

Chaklam Silpasuwanchai,

Xiangshi RenAuthors Info & Claims

ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI), Volume 26, Issue 6

Article No.: 39, Pages 1 - 44

https://doi.org/10.1145/3359593

Published: 02 November 2019 Publication History

Abstract

Mindfulness practices are well-known for their benefits to mental and physical well-being. Given the prevalence of smartphones, mindfulness applications have attracted growing global interest. However, the majority of existing applications use guided meditation that is not adaptable to each user's unique needs or pace. This article proposes a novel framework called Attention Regulation Framework (ARF), which studies how more flexible and adaptable mindfulness applications could be designed, beyond guided meditation and toward self-regulated meditation. ARF proposes mindfulness interaction design guidelines and interfaces whereby practitioners naturally and constantly bring their attention back to the present moment and develop non-judgmental awareness. This is achieved by the performance of subtle movements, which are supported by non-intrusive detection-feedback mechanisms. We used two design cases to demonstrate ARF in static and kinetic meditation conditions. We conducted four user evaluation studies in unique situations where ARF is particularly effective, vis-à-vis mindfulness practice in busy environments and mindfulness interfaces that adapt to the pace of the user. The studies show that the design cases, compared with guided meditation applications, are more effective in improving attention, mindfulness, mood, well-being, and physical balance. Our work contributes to the development of self-regulated mindfulness technologies.

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Index Terms

Attention Regulation Framework: Designing Self-Regulated Mindfulness Technologies
1. Human-centered computing
  1. Interaction design
    1. Interaction design theory, concepts and paradigms
  2. Ubiquitous and mobile computing

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Published In

cover image ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction

ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction Volume 26, Issue 6

December 2019

230 pages

ISSN:1073-0516

EISSN:1557-7325

DOI:10.1145/3371148

Editor:
Kristina Höök
KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden

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Copyright © 2019 ACM.

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Publication History

Published: 02 November 2019

Accepted: 01 August 2019

Revised: 01 August 2019

Received: 01 July 2018

Published in TOCHI Volume 26, Issue 6

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Cited By

Li JCochrane KLeshed G(2024)Beyond Meditation: Understanding Everyday Mindfulness Practices and Technology Use Among Experienced PractitionersProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36870238:CSCW2(1-29)Online publication date: 8-Nov-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3687023
Li JGuo JLeshed G(2024)Meditating in Live Stream: An Autoethnographic and Interview Study to Investigate Motivations, Interactions and ChallengesProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36374178:CSCW1(1-33)Online publication date: 26-Apr-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3637417
Tan PRen X(2024)The Effects of Rhythmic Footstep and Sound Interactions on Creativity: A Design and Evaluation StudyInternational Journal of Human–Computer Interaction10.1080/10447318.2024.2378253(1-18)Online publication date: 31-Jul-2024
https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2024.2378253
Olaniyi ESolarte-Vasquez MInkinen T(2024)Smart regulations in maritime governance: Efficacy, gaps, and stakeholder perspectivesMarine Pollution Bulletin10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116341202(116341)Online publication date: May-2024
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116341
Barton ADo MSheen JByrne L(2024)The restorative and state enhancing potential of abstract fractal-like imagery and interactive mindfulness interventions in virtual realityVirtual Reality10.1007/s10055-023-00916-728:1Online publication date: 27-Feb-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/s10055-023-00916-7
Choi MBae JKim J(2023)Trends in Neurofeedback-based Meditation ContentJournal of Digital Contents Society10.9728/dcs.2023.24.11.279924:11(2799-2810)Online publication date: 30-Nov-2023
https://doi.org/10.9728/dcs.2023.24.11.2799
Liu SZhao ERenouf AEl-Zanfaly D(2023)MindfulBloom: Spatial Finger Painting for Mindfulness Intervention in Augmented RealityCompanion Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Interactive Surfaces and Spaces10.1145/3626485.3626548(74-78)Online publication date: 5-Nov-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3626485.3626548
Semertzidis NZambetta FMueller F(2023)Brain-Computer Integration: A Framework for the Design of Brain-Computer Interfaces from an Integrations PerspectiveACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction10.1145/360362130:6(1-48)Online publication date: 25-Sep-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3603621
Li JKwon NPham HShim RLeshed G(2023)Co-designing Magic Machines for Everyday Mindfulness with PractitionersProceedings of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference10.1145/3563657.3595976(1630-1647)Online publication date: 10-Jul-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3563657.3595976
Tan PRen X(2023)Rhythm Research in Interactive System Design: A Literature ReviewInternational Journal of Human–Computer Interaction10.1080/10447318.2023.229462841:1(31-50)Online publication date: 27-Dec-2023
https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2023.2294628
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