Mildred V. López Cabrera
ABSTRACT
When performing medical procedures, physicians must rely on their mental representations to understand complex internal structures that are not directly visible on the skin. In their training, this knowledge is acquired through the study of two-dimensional images. Currently, virtual reality (VR) is revolutionizing the teaching-learning process because it offers an experiential, low cost and easy to manage alternative for teaching anatomy. Especially if compared with performing cadaveric practices.
The objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of virtual reality for teaching anatomy.
The design was quantitative and quasi-experimental. Three groups were defined for analysis: the self-directed practice of VR, an instructor lead practice of VR, and the control, no VR. The sample consisted of 120 medical students in their second year of the program. A descriptive research scope was defined.
The results indicate that VR had a positive impact on learning of the spatial location of anatomical structures. The students found innovation motivating and engaging.
It is necessary that medical educators establish and consolidate standards for the implementation and assessment of VR, in order to guarantee an educational experience that guarantees the achievement of learning objectives of trainees.
- López, M.V., Hernández, E., Mejía, G., Cerano, J.L. 2019. Factores que facilitan la adopción de tecnología educativa en escuelas de medicina. Educación Médica. 20(1), 3--9. DOI= http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.edumed.2017.07.006Google Scholar
- Aguilera, N. 2017. Development of spatial skills with virtual reality and augmented reality. IJIDM, 12(1), 133--144.Google Scholar
- Kong, X., Nive, L., Zhang, H., Wang, Z., Ye, Q., Tang, L., Li, J., Huang, W. 2015. Do Three-dimensional Visualization and Three-dimensional Printing Improve Hepatic Segment Anatomy Teaching?. Journal of Surgical Education. 73(2), 264--270. DOI= 10.1016/j.jsurg.2015.10.002.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Abreu, L.F., Cid, Á.N., Herrera, G., Lara, J.V.M., Laviada, R., Rodríguez, C., et al. 2008. Perfil por Competencias del Médico General Mexicano. México: AMFEM.Google Scholar
- Arráez-Aybar, L.A., Sánchez-Montesinos, I., Mirapeiz, R.M., Mompeo-Corrededra, B., Sañudo-Tejero, J.R. 2010. Relevance of human anatomy in daily clinical practice. Annals of Anatomy.192(2010), 341--348.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Older, J. 2004. Anatomy: A must for teaching the next generation, The Surgeon. 2(2), 79--90.Google ScholarCross Ref
- McLachlan, J.C., Patten, D. 2006. Anatomy teaching: ghosts of the past, present and future. Medical Education. 40: 243--253.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Brenton, H., Hernandez, J., Bello, F., Strutton, P., Purkayastha, S., Firth, T., Darzi, A. 2007. Using multimedia and Web3D to enhance anatomy teaching. Computers & Education. 49(1), 32--53.Google ScholarDigital Library
- García Tay, J.A.G., Avendaño Pradel, R., Martínez Anda, J.J. 2014. El uso de la tecnología en la enseñanza de la anatomía en México y su comparación con la enseñanza internacional. Revista de la facultad de medicina de la UNAM. 57(3):31--39.Google Scholar
- Hegarty, M., Keehner, M., Cohen, C.A. 2007. Role of Spatial Cognition in Medicine. In: G, Allen (Ed) Applied Spatial Cognition. Mahwah: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
- Hoffman, H. 1997. Virtual reality: teaching tool of the twenty-first century? Academic Medicine. 72(12):1076--1081.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Choi, D., Dailey-Hebert, A., Estes, J.S. 2016. Emerging Tools and Applications of Virtual Reality in Education. PA: IGI Global.Google Scholar
- Sherman, W.R, Craig, A.B. 2003. Understanding virtual reality. New York: The Morgan-Kaufmann Publishers.Google Scholar
- Huang, H.M., Rauch, U., Liaw, S.S. 2010. Investigation learners' attitudes toward virtual reality learning environments: Based on a constructivist approach. Computer & Education. 55(2010):1171--1182.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Hoffman, H. 1995. Virtual Reality Meets Medical Education. En K.Morgan, R.M. Satava, H.B. Sieburg, R. Matteus, y J.P. Christensen (Eds) en Interactive Technology and the New Paradigm for Healthcare. California: IOS Press and Ohmsha.Google Scholar
- Harman, K.L., Humphrey, G.K., Goodale, M.A. 1999. Active manual control of object views facilitates visual recognition. Current Biology. 9(1): 1315--1318.Google ScholarCross Ref
- McMillan, J.J., Shumacher, S. 2006. Research in Education. Boston: Pearson.Google Scholar
- 3D Organon. 2018. Applications for anatomy education. http://www.3dorganon.com/applications/Google Scholar
- Tuominen, P., Moilanen, T., Passos, M., Puhakainen, E., Heikkinen, V., y Sievers, K. 2016. Exploring the Student's Perceptions to Virtual Reality Environment. http://www.thebox.fi/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Exploring-the-Students_-Perceptions-to-Virtual-Reality-Environment_Tuominen-et-al-2016_revised.pdfGoogle Scholar
- Nicholson, D.T., Chalk, C., Funnell, W.R., Daniel, S.J. 2006. Can virtual reality improve anatomy education?. Medical Education. 40, 1081--1087.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Codd, A.M., Choudhury, B. 2011.Virtual reality anatomy: Is it comparable with traditional methods in the teaching of human forearm musculoskeletal anatomy?. Anat Sci Ed. 4, 119--125.Google ScholarCross Ref
Index Terms
- Assessing the Effectiveness of Teaching Anatomy with Virtual Reality
Recommendations
Virtual Reality Training System for Surgical Anatomy
AIVR 2018: Proceedings of the 2018 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Virtual RealityWith the development of Virtual Reality technology, now hardware permits experimental designer to build medical simulation experiment environment which makes simulated anatomical operations possible. Based on current domestic and international virtual ...
Virtual Reality For Anatomical Vocabulary Learning
ICVARS '19: Proceedings of the 2019 3rd International Conference on Virtual and Augmented Reality SimulationsVirtual Reality has become popularly pervasive among people in the digital society. The prevalent availability and usefulness of VR lend facilitations to diverse disciplines, especially medicine. The current study developed a Virtual Reality (VR) ...
Virtual reality and mixed reality for virtual learning environments
This paper explores educational uses of virtual learning environment (VLE) concerned with issues of learning, training and entertainment. We analyze the state-of-art research of VLE based on virtual reality and augmented reality. Some examples for the ...
Comments