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An adaptive, utilization-based approach to schedule real-time tasks for ARM big.LITTLE architectures

Published: 27 July 2020 Publication History

Abstract

ARM big.LITTLE architectures are spreading more and more in the mobile world thanks to their power-saving capabilities due to the use of two ISA-compatible islands, one focusing on energy efficiency and the other one on computational power. This architecture makes the problem of energy-aware task scheduling particularly challenging, due to the number of variables to take into account and the need for having lightweight mechanisms that can be readily computed in an operating system kernel scheduler.
This paper presents a novel task scheduler for big.LITTLE platforms, combining the well-known Constant Bandwidth Server algorithm with a power-aware per-job migration policy. This achieves real-time adaptation of the CPU islands' frequencies based on the individual cores' overall utilization, as available in the scheduler thanks to the use of the resource reservation paradigm. Preliminary results obtained by simulations based on modifications to the open-source RTSim tool show that the proposed technique is able to achieve interesting performance/energy trade-offs.

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  • (2024)O/S Level Interrupt Prediction for Performance and Energy Management on AndroidIEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing10.1109/TMC.2023.325379823:3(2219-2230)Online publication date: 1-Mar-2024
  • (2023)Brief Industry Paper: Retention-Based Energy-Efficient Scheduling of Arbitrary-Deadline DAG Tasks on Multicore Platforms2023 IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS)10.1109/RTSS59052.2023.00060(500-505)Online publication date: 5-Dec-2023
  • (2023)Parallelizing Stream Compression for IoT Applications on Asymmetric Multicores2023 IEEE 39th International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE)10.1109/ICDE55515.2023.00078(950-964)Online publication date: Apr-2023
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  1. An adaptive, utilization-based approach to schedule real-time tasks for ARM big.LITTLE architectures

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      Published In

      cover image ACM SIGBED Review
      ACM SIGBED Review  Volume 17, Issue 1
      Special Issue on Embedded Operating Systems Workshop 2019 (EWiLi'19)
      February 2020
      58 pages
      EISSN:1551-3688
      DOI:10.1145/3412821
      Issue’s Table of Contents
      Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be honored. For all other uses, contact the Owner/Author.

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      Publication History

      Published: 27 July 2020
      Published in SIGBED Volume 17, Issue 1

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      Author Tags

      1. ARM big.LITTLE
      2. DVFS
      3. energy-efficiency
      4. heterogeneous processing
      5. multicore platforms
      6. real-time systems

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      Cited By

      View all
      • (2024)O/S Level Interrupt Prediction for Performance and Energy Management on AndroidIEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing10.1109/TMC.2023.325379823:3(2219-2230)Online publication date: 1-Mar-2024
      • (2023)Brief Industry Paper: Retention-Based Energy-Efficient Scheduling of Arbitrary-Deadline DAG Tasks on Multicore Platforms2023 IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS)10.1109/RTSS59052.2023.00060(500-505)Online publication date: 5-Dec-2023
      • (2023)Parallelizing Stream Compression for IoT Applications on Asymmetric Multicores2023 IEEE 39th International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE)10.1109/ICDE55515.2023.00078(950-964)Online publication date: Apr-2023
      • (2022)Run-Time Hierarchical Management of Mapping, Per-Cluster DVFS and Per-Core DPM for Energy OptimizationElectronics10.3390/electronics1107109411:7(1094)Online publication date: 30-Mar-2022
      • (2022)Simulating execution time and power consumption of real-time tasks on embedded platformsProceedings of the 37th ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing10.1145/3477314.3507030(491-500)Online publication date: 25-Apr-2022
      • (2022)Placement of Chains of Real-Time Tasks on Heterogeneous Platforms under EDF Scheduling2022 25th Euromicro Conference on Digital System Design (DSD)10.1109/DSD57027.2022.00029(149-156)Online publication date: Aug-2022
      • (2022)Optimized partitioning and priority assignment of real-time applications on heterogeneous platforms with hardware accelerationJournal of Systems Architecture10.1016/j.sysarc.2022.102416124(102416)Online publication date: Mar-2022
      • (2021)Mapping Computations in Heterogeneous Multicore Systems with Statistical Regression on Program InputsACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems10.1145/347828820:6(1-35)Online publication date: 30-Nov-2021
      • (2021)Dynamic Partitioned Scheduling of Real-Time DAG Tasks on ARM big.LITTLE Architectures*Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems10.1145/3453417.3453442(1-11)Online publication date: 7-Apr-2021
      • (2021)Migrating Constant Bandwidth Servers on Multi-CoresProceedings of the 29th International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems10.1145/3453417.3453441(155-164)Online publication date: 7-Apr-2021

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