research-article

SleepApp: Providing Contextualized and Actionable Sleep Feedback

Authors:

Ruth Ravichandran,

Shwetak N. Patel,

Julie A. KientzAuthors Info & Claims

PervasiveHealth '20: Proceedings of the 14th EAI International Conference on Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare

Pages 336 - 346

https://doi.org/10.1145/3421937.3421996

Published: 02 February 2021 Publication History

Abstract

Most commercial sleep sensors typically rely on population-level data and focus on recommendations based on objective metrics such as sleep duration or sleep efficiency. However, there is inter-individual trait-variability to sleep and people's sleep habits are individualized. To prompt users to adopt habits that improve sleep health, meaningful sleep feedback must not only provide evidence of how users' behaviors affect their sleep quality, as objectified by some of the metrics, but also show how carry-over effects of sleep affect daytime cognitive function. In this paper, we propose and validate an approach that combines both subjective and objective measures of sleep, accounting for a person's lifestyle and ties it to meaningful and measurable carryover effects such as daytime alertness and working memory. Our approach is based on the medical community's Ru-SATED framework, which characterizes sleep through six dimensions: Regularity, Satisfaction, Alertness, Timing, Efficiency and Duration. Using data collected by a smart phone app: SleepApp, with a suite of ecological momentary assessment tests from 9 participants over 14 days, we demonstrate how sleep health can be contextualized to the individual lifestyle and actionable feedback can be generated. In a follow up survey with 57 respondents, we show how the actionable feedback generated by SleepApp can encourage in users the intent to make adjustments to their sleep habits that may impact their daytime cognitive function

References

[1]

Saeed Abdullah, Elizabeth L. Murnane, Mark Matthews, Matthew Kay, Julie A. Kientz, Geri Gay, and Tanzeem Choudhury. 2016. Cognitive rhythms. In Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing - UbiComp '16. ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 178--189. https://doi.org/10.1145/2971648.2971712

Digital Library

[2]

Jared Bauer, Sunny Consolvo, Benjamin Greenstein, Jonathan Schooler, Eric Wu, Nathaniel F. Watson, and Julie Kientz. 2012. ShutEye. In Proceedings of the 2012 ACM annual conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '12. ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 1401. https://doi.org/10.1145/2207676.2208600

[3]

Daniel J Buysse. 2014. Sleep health: can we define it? Does it matter? Sleep 37, 1 (jan 2014), 9--17. https://doi.org/10.5665/sleep.3298

[4]

Eun Kyoung Choe, Sunny Consolvo, Nathaniel F.Watson, and Julie A. Kientz. 2011. Opportunities for computing technologies to support healthy sleep behaviors. In Proceedings of the 2011 annual conference on Human factors in computing systems - CHI '11. ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 3053. https://doi.org/10.1145/1978942.1979395

Digital Library

[5]

Eun Kyoung Choe, Bongshin Lee, Matthew Kay, Wanda Pratt, and Julie A. Kientz. 2015. SleepTight. In Proceedings of the 2015 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing - UbiComp '15. ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 121--132. https://doi.org/10.1145/2750858.2804266

[6]

Eun Kyoung Choe, Nicole B Lee, Bongshin Lee, Wanda Pratt, and Julie A Kientz. 2014. Understanding quantified-selfers' practices in collecting and exploring personal data. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM, 1143--1152.

Digital Library

[7]

Roshan Cools. 2010. N-Back Test. (2010), 822--822. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68706-1_1625

[8]

John R. Crawford and Julie D. Henry. 2004. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS): Construct validity, measurement properties and normative data in a large non-clinical sample. British Journal of Clinical Psychology 43, 3 (sep 2004), 245--265. https://doi.org/10.1348/0144665031752934

[9]

Jesse Dallery, Rachel N Cassidy, and Bethany R Raiff. 2013. Single-case experimental designs to evaluate novel technology-based health interventions. Journal of medical Internet research 15, 2 (2013).

[10]

Nediyana Daskalova, Karthik Desingh, Alexandra Papoutsaki, Diane Schulze, Han Sha, and Jeff Huang. 2017. Lessons Learned from Two Cohorts of Personal Informatics Self-Experiments. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 1, 3 (sep 2017), 1--22. https://doi.org/10.1145/3130911

Digital Library

[11]

Nediyana Daskalova, Bongshin Lee, Jeff Huang, Chester Ni, and Jessica Lundin. 2018. Investigating the Effectiveness of Cohort-Based Sleep Recommendations. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 2, 3 (sep 2018), 1--19. https://doi.org/10.1145/3264911

Digital Library

[12]

Nediyana Daskalova, Danaë Metaxa-Kakavouli, Adrienne Tran, Nicole Nugent, Julie Boergers, John McGeary, and Jeff Huang. 2016. SleepCoacher. In Proceedings of the 29th Annual Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology - UIST '16. ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 347--358. https://doi.org/10.1145/2984511.2984534

[13]

Daniel A. Epstein, An Ping, James Fogarty, and Sean A. Munson. 2015. A lived informatics model of personal informatics. In Proceedings of the 2015 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing - UbiComp '15. ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 731--742. https://doi.org/10.1145/2750858.2804250

Digital Library

[14]

Liese Exelmans and Jan Van den Bulck. 2018. Self-control depletion and sleep duration: the mediating role of television viewing. Psychology & health 33, 10 (2018), 1251--1268.

[15]

Allison G Harvey, Kathleen Stinson, Katriina L Whitaker, Damian Moskovitz, and Harvinder Virk. 2008. The subjective meaning of sleep quality: a comparison of individuals with and without insomnia. Sleep 31, 3 (2008), 383--393.

[16]

E. Hoddes, V. Zarcone, H. Smythe, R. Phillips, and W. C. Dement. 1973. Quantification of Sleepiness: A New Approach. Psychophysiology 10, 4 (jul 1973), 431--436. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1973.tb00801.x

[17]

Leah A Irish, Christopher E Kline, Heather E Gunn, Daniel J Buysse, and Martica H Hall. 2015. The role of sleep hygiene in promoting public health: A review of empirical evidence. Sleep medicine reviews 22 (aug 2015), 23--36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2014.10.001

[18]

Ravi Karkar, Jasmine Zia, Roger Vilardaga, Sonali R Mishra, James Fogarty, Sean A Munson, and Julie A Kientz. 2015. A framework for self-experimentation in personalized health. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 23, 3 (2015), 440--448.

[19]

Matthew Kay, Eun Kyoung Choe, Jesse Shepherd, Benjamin Greenstein, Nathaniel Watson, Sunny Consolvo, and Julie A. Kientz. 2012. Lullaby. In Proceedings of the 2012 ACM Conference on Ubiquitous Computing- UbiComp 12. 226. https://doi.org/10.1145/2370216.2370253

[20]

Matthew Kay, Shwetak N. Patel, and Julie A. Kientz. 2015. How Good is 85 Classifier Evaluation to Acceptability of Accuracy (CHI '15). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 347--356. https://doi.org/10.1145/2702123.2702603

[21]

Matthew Kay, Kyle Rector, Sunny Consolvo, Ben Greenstein, Jacob Wobbrock, Nathaniel Watson, and Julie Kientz. 2013. PVT-Touch: Adapting a Reaction Time Test for Touchscreen Devices. In Proceedings of the ICTs for improving Patients Rehabilitation Research Techniques. IEEE. https://doi.org/10.4108/icst.pervasivehealth.2013.252078

Digital Library

[22]

Matthew Kay, Kyle Rector, Sunny Consolvo, Ben Greenstein, Jacob Wobbrock, Nathaniel Watson, and Julie Kientz. 2013. PVT-Touch: Adapting a Reaction Time Test for Touchscreen Devices. In Proceedings of the ICTs for improving Patients Rehabilitation Research Techniques. IEEE, 248--251. https://doi.org/10.4108/icst.pervasivehealth.2013.252078

Digital Library

[23]

Sharon Keenan and Max Hirshkowitz. 2010. Monitoring and Staging Human Sleep. Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine: Fifth Edition (2010), 1602--1609. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4160-6645-3.00141-9

[24]

Jisoo Lee, Erin Walker, Winslow Burleson, Matthew Kay, Matthew Buman, and Eric B. Hekler. 2017. Self-Experimentation for Behavior Change. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '17. ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 6837--6849. https://doi.org/10.1145/3025453.3026038

[25]

Inbal Nahum-Shani, Eric B Hekler, and Donna Spruijt-Metz. 2015. Building health behavior models to guide the development of just-in-time adaptive interventions: A pragmatic framework. Health Psychology 34, S (2015), 1209.

[26]

A C Parrott and I Hindmarch. 1980. The Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire in psychopharmacological investigations - a review. Psychopharmacology 71, 2 (1980), 173--9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ /6777817

[27]

John P. Pollak, Phil Adams, and Geri Gay. 2011. PAM. In Proceedings of the 2011 annual conference on Human factors in computing systems-CHI '11. ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 725. https://doi.org/10.1145/1978942.1979047

[28]

Ruth Ravichandran, Sang-Wha Sien, Shwetak N. Patel, Julie A. Kientz, and Laura R. Pina. 2017. Making Sense of Sleep Sensors. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '17. ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 6864--6875. https://doi.org/10.1145/3025453.3025557

[29]

Scott Ravyts, Joseph Dzierzewski, Elliottnell Perez, and Emily Donovan. 2019. VALIDATION AND CLINICAL USEFULNESS OF A SLEEP HEALTH SCALE IN LATE LIFE. Innovation in Aging 3, Suppl 1 (2019), S526.

[30]

Mark R Rosekind, Kevin B Gregory, Melissa M Mallis, Summer L Brandt, Brian Seal, and Debra Lerner. 2010. The cost of poor sleep: workplace productivity loss and associated costs. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 52, 1 (2010), 91--98.

[31]

Edward J Stepanski and James K Wyatt. 2003. Use of sleep hygiene in the treatment of insomnia. Sleep medicine reviews 7, 3 (jun 2003), 215--25. https://doi.org/10.1053/SMRV.2001.0246

[32]

Xiaoyi Zhang, Laura R Pina, and James Fogarty. 2016. Examining unlock journaling with diaries and reminders for in situ self-report in health and wellness. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM, 5658--5664.

Digital Library

Cited By

Son SLim Y(2023)Balancing Flexibility and Authority: Exploring Negotiation as an Interaction Strategy for Healthy Sleep BehaviorsProceedings of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference10.1145/3563657.3596074(401-415)Online publication date: 10-Jul-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3563657.3596074
Lee JJu HKim SCheon MLee JHwang I(2022)Demonstrating SleepGuru: Personalized Sleep Planning System for Real-life Actionability and NegotiabilityAdjunct Proceedings of the 35th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology10.1145/3526114.3558664(1-3)Online publication date: 29-Oct-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3526114.3558664
Lee JKim SCheon MJu HLee JHwang I(2022)SleepGuru: Personalized Sleep Planning System for Real-life Actionability and NegotiabilityProceedings of the 35th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology10.1145/3526113.3545709(1-16)Online publication date: 29-Oct-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3526113.3545709

Index Terms

SleepApp: Providing Contextualized and Actionable Sleep Feedback
1. Applied computing
  1. Life and medical sciences
2. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)

Index terms have been assigned to the content through auto-classification.

Recommendations

Designing for Triggering Self-Investigations and Reflections on Factors Related to Sleep Health
NordiCHI '20: Proceedings of the 11th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Shaping Experiences, Shaping Society

While sleep health is increasingly becoming important to many people, it is challenging to maintain good sleep quality. Because sleep can be affected by many internal and external factors, which may differ among individuals, it is therefore important to ...
Opportunities and challenges for self-experimentation in self-tracking
UbiComp/ISWC'15 Adjunct: Adjunct Proceedings of the 2015 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing and Proceedings of the 2015 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers

Personal informatics applications support capture and access of data related to an increasing variety of dimensions of everyday life. However, such applications often fail to effectively support diagnostic self-tracking, wherein people seek to answer a ...
“Using digital media or sleeping … that is the question”. A meta-analysis on digital media use and unhealthy sleep in adolescence
Abstract
This systematic review with meta-analysis aims to examine the relation between different aspects of digital media use and sleep health patterns. Eligible studies had to be longitudinal and with adolescents' sample. Multiple search ...
Highlights
- Using PC, smartphone, social media, watching TV, and multi-tasking behaviors negatively affect sleep health over time.

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Other conferences

PervasiveHealth '20: Proceedings of the 14th EAI International Conference on Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare

May 2020

446 pages

ISBN:9781450375320

DOI:10.1145/3421937

Editors:
Sean A. Munson
Human Centered Design & Engineering, University of Washington
,
Stephen M. Schueller
University of California, Irvine
,
General Chair:
Rosa Arriaga
Georgia Institute of Technology, USA

Copyright © 2020 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

In-Cooperation

EAI: The European Alliance for Innovation

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 02 February 2021

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article
Research
Refereed limited

Conference

PervasiveHealth '20

PervasiveHealth '20: 14th EAI International Conference on Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare

May 18 - 20, 2020

GA, Atlanta, USA

Acceptance Rates

PervasiveHealth '20 Paper Acceptance Rate 55 of 116 submissions, 47%;

Overall Acceptance Rate 55 of 116 submissions, 47%

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

3
Total Citations
View Citations
254
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)46
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)6

Reflects downloads up to 05 Mar 2025

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Son SLim Y(2023)Balancing Flexibility and Authority: Exploring Negotiation as an Interaction Strategy for Healthy Sleep BehaviorsProceedings of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference10.1145/3563657.3596074(401-415)Online publication date: 10-Jul-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3563657.3596074
Lee JJu HKim SCheon MLee JHwang I(2022)Demonstrating SleepGuru: Personalized Sleep Planning System for Real-life Actionability and NegotiabilityAdjunct Proceedings of the 35th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology10.1145/3526114.3558664(1-3)Online publication date: 29-Oct-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3526114.3558664
Lee JKim SCheon MJu HLee JHwang I(2022)SleepGuru: Personalized Sleep Planning System for Real-life Actionability and NegotiabilityProceedings of the 35th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology10.1145/3526113.3545709(1-16)Online publication date: 29-Oct-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3526113.3545709

View Options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Figures

Tables

Media

View Table of Conten