ABSTRACT
In this paper we present the results from a study in which participants (n=26, aged 6-9) were exposed to two different ER systems, one based on tangible tile-based programming and one on visual block-programming. During the transition from the first to the second system, mediated transfer of knowledge regarding computational concepts, were observed. Furthermore, the participants CT skills were likewise observed to improve throughout the study, across both ER systems.
- Schoolnet, E., European Schoolnet's 2017 Annual Report. 2018: eun.org - Brussels, Belgium.Google Scholar
- Future, E.t., Prognose for STEM-mangel 2025. 2018, Engineer the Future: engineerthefuture.dk.Google Scholar
- Corbett, C. and C. Hill, Solving the Equation: The Variables for Women's Success in Engineering and Computing. 2015: ERIC.Google Scholar
- García-Holgado, A., et al., European Proposals to Work in the Gender Gap in STEM: A Systematic Analysis. IEEE Revista Iberoamericana de Tecnologias del Aprendizaje, 2020. 15(3): p. 215--224.Google Scholar
- García-Holgado, A., et al. Trends in studies developed in Europe focused on the gender gap in STEM. in Proceedings of the XX International Conference on Human Computer Interaction. 2019.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Peixoto, A., et al. Diversity and inclusion in engineering education: Looking through the gender question. in 2018 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON). 2018. IEEE.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Wing, J.M., Computational thinking. Communications of the ACM, 2006. 49(3): p. 33--35.Google Scholar
- Michel, R.P., Csermely. Doris, Jorde. Dieter, Lenzen. Harriet, Walberg-Henriksson. Valerie, Hemmo., Science Education NOW: A Renewed Pedagogy for the Future of Europe. 2007, European Commission: ec.europa.eu.Google Scholar
- Schoolnet, E., http://www.eun.org/documents/411753/665824/Perspective2_april2017_onepage_def.pdf/70b9a30e-73aa-4573-bb38-6dd0c2d15995. 2017, European Schoolnet: eun.org.Google Scholar
- Atmatzidou, S. and S. Demetriadis, Advancing students' computational thinking skills through educational robotics: A study on age and gender relevant differences. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 2016. 75: p. 661--670.Google Scholar
- Blanchard, S., V. Freiman, and N. Lirrete-Pitre, Strategies used by elementary schoolchildren solving robotics-based complex tasks: Innovative potential of technology. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2010. 2(2): p. 2851--2857.Google Scholar
- Sáez-López, J.-M., M.-L. Sevillano-García, and E. Vazquez-Cano, The effect of programming on primary school students' mathematical and scientific understanding: educational use of mBot. Educational Technology Research and Development, 2019. 67(6): p. 1405--1425.Google Scholar
- Bers, M.U., et al., Computational thinking and tinkering: Exploration of an early childhood robotics curriculum. Computers & Education, 2014. 72: p. 145--157.Google Scholar
- Caballero-Gonzalez, Y.-A., A.G.-V. Muñoz-Repiso, and A. García-Holgado. Learning computational thinking and social skills development in young children through problem solving with educational robotics. in Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Technological Ecosystems for Enhancing Multiculturality. 2019.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Roussou, E. and M. Rangoussi. On the use of robotics for the development of computational thinking in kindergarten: educational intervention and evaluation. in International Conference on Robotics and Education RiE 2017. 2019. Springer.Google Scholar
- Dourish, P., Where the action is: the foundations of embodied interaction. 2004: MIT press.Google Scholar
- Merkouris, A. and K. Chorianopoulos. Introducing computer programming to children through robotic and wearable devices. in Proceedings of the Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education. 2015.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Papert, S.A., Mindstorms: Children, computers, and powerful ideas. 2020: Basic books.Google Scholar
- BBC. BBC micro:bit celebrates huge impact in first year, with 90% of students saying it helped show that anyone can code. 2017 [cited 2020 14th of December]; Available from: https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/latestnews/2017/microbit-first-year.Google Scholar
- Holst, K. Ny bevilling giver ultra:bit vokseværk. 2020 [cited 2020 14th of December]; Available from: https://www.dr.dk/om-dr/ultrabit/ny-bevilling-giver-ultrabit-voksevaerk.Google Scholar
- Nielsen, N. Danish Broadcasting Corporation (DR) launches ultra:bit. 2018 [cited 2020 14th of December]; Available from: https://cctd.au.dk/currently/news/show/artikel/danish-broadcasting-corporation-dr-launches-ultrabit/.Google Scholar
- Foundation, M.b.E. micro:bit. [cited 2020 14th of December]; Available from: https://microbit.org/.Google Scholar
- MakeCode, M. MakeCode. [cited 2020 14th of December]; Available from: https://makecode.microbit.org/#.Google Scholar
- Nugent, G., et al., A model of factors contributing to STEM learning and career orientation. International Journal of Science Education, 2015. 37(7): p. 1067--1088.Google Scholar
- Simpkins, S.D., P.E. Davis-Kean, and J.S. Eccles, Math and science motivation: A longitudinal examination of the links between choices and beliefs. Developmental psychology, 2006. 42(1): p. 70.Google Scholar
- Master, A., et al., Programming experience promotes higher STEM motivation among first-grade girls. Journal of experimental child psychology, 2017. 160: p. 92--106.Google Scholar
- Torres-Torres, Y.-D., M. Román-González, and J.-C. Pérez-González. Implementation of unplugged teaching activities to foster computational thinking skills in primary school from a gender perspective. in Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Technological Ecosystems for Enhancing Multiculturality. 2019.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Seneviratne, O., Making computer science attractive to high school girls with computational thinking approaches: A case study, in Emerging research, practice, and policy on computational thinking. 2017, Springer. p. 21--32.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Sullivan, A. and M.U. Bers, Gender differences in kindergarteners' robotics and programming achievement. International journal of technology and design education, 2013. 23(3): p. 691--702.Google ScholarCross Ref
- KUBO. KUBO Education. 2020 [cited 2020 14th of December]; Available from: https://kubo.education/.Google Scholar
- Ozobot and Evollve, I.U.S. Ozobot. 2020 [cited 2020 14th of December]; Available from: https://ozobot.com/.Google Scholar
- Pedersen, B.K.M.K., et al. Towards playful learning and computational thinking-Developing the educational robot BRICKO. in 2018 IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC). 2018. IEEE.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Pedersen, B.K.M.K., J.C. Larsen, and J. Nielsen. The effect of commercially available educational robotics: a systematic review. in International Conference on Robotics and Education RiE 2017. 2019. Springer.Google Scholar
- PRIMO. Cubetto. 2020 [cited 2020 14th of December]; Available from: https://www.primotoys.com/.Google Scholar
- Resources, L. Robot Mouse. 2020 [cited 2020 14th of December]; Available from: https://www.learningresources.com/code-gor-robot-mouse-activity-set.Google Scholar
- Robotics, M. Cubelets. 2020 [cited 2020 14th of December]; Available from: https://www.modrobotics.com/.Google Scholar
- Terrapin. Blue-Bot. 2020 [cited 2020 14th of December]; Available from: https://www.terrapinlogo.com/products/robots/blue/blue-bot-family.html.Google Scholar
- Hornecker, E. and J. Buur. Getting a grip on tangible interaction: a framework on physical space and social interaction. in Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in computing systems. 2006.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Stanton, D., et al. Classroom collaboration in the design of tangible interfaces for storytelling. in Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems. 2001.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ullmer, B. and H. Ishii, Emerging frameworks for tangible user interfaces. IBM systems journal, 2000. 39(3.4): p. 915--931.Google Scholar
- Williams, A., E. Kabisch, and P. Dourish. From interaction to participation: configuring space through embodied interaction. in International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing. 2005. Springer.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Scratch. Scratch. 2020 [cited 2020 14th of December]; Available from: https://scratch.mit.edu/.Google Scholar
- University, C.M. Alice. 2020 [cited 2020 14th of December]; Available from: https://www.alice.org/.Google Scholar
- Armoni, M., O. Meerbaum-Salant, and M. Ben-Ari, From scratch to ?real" programming. ACM Transactions on Computing Education (TOCE), 2015. 14(4): p. 1--15.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Moors, L., A. Luxton-Reilly, and P. Denny. Transitioning from block-based to text-based programming languages. in 2018 International Conference on Learning and Teaching in Computing and Engineering (LaTICE). 2018. IEEE Computer Society.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Karaliopoulou, M., I. Apostolakis, and E. Kanidis, Perceptions of Informatics Teachers Regarding the Use of Block and Text Programming Environments. European Journal of Engineering Research and Science, 2018: p. 11--18.Google Scholar
- Weintrop, D. and U. Wilensky. Bringing blocks-based programming into high school computer science classrooms. in Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association (AERA). Washington DC, USA. 2016.Google Scholar
- Weintrop, D. and U. Wilensky, Transitioning from introductory block-based and text-based environments to professional programming languages in high school computer science classrooms. Computers & Education, 2019. 142: p. 103646.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Bağci, B.B., M. Kama?ak, and G. Ince. The effect of the programming interfaces of robots in teaching computer languages. in International Conference on Robotics and Education RiE 2017. 2017. Springer.Google Scholar
- Dann, W., et al. Mediated transfer: Alice 3 to java. in Proceedings of the 43rd ACM technical symposium on Computer Science Education. 2012.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Mason, R. and G. Cooper. Distractions in programming evironments. in Proceedings Fifteenth Australasian Computing Education Conference (ACE2013). 2013. Australian Computer Society series.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Tabet, N., et al. From alice to python. Introducing text-based programming in middle schools. in Proceedings of the 2016 ACM Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education. 2016.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Verplank, B. Interaction Design Sketchbook. [PDF] 2009 [cited 2020 14th of December]; Available from: http://billverplank.com/CiiD/IDSketch.pdf.Google Scholar
- Ishii, H., The tangible user interface and its evolution. Communications of the ACM, 2008. 51(6): p. 32--36.Google Scholar
- Hansen, K.G., Tænkning og sprog, in Den Nye Psykologihåndbog. 1999, Gyldendal. p. 130--164.Google Scholar
- Teknologiskolen. Teknologiskolen. 2020 [cited 2020 14th of December]; Available from: https://www.teknologiskolen.dk/.Google Scholar
- Workshop, W. Dash. 2020 [cited 2020 14th of December]; Available from: https://www.makewonder.com/robots/dash/.Google Scholar
- McKeachie, W.J. and C.L. Brewer, The teaching of psychology: Essays in honor of Wilbert J. McKeachie and Charles L. Brewer. 2002: Taylor & Francis.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Educational Robotics and Mediated Transfer: Transitioning from Tangible Tile-based Programming, to Visual Block-based Programming
Recommendations
The PANaMa Project – RoboCamp 2019 a Case Study: Lessons Learned from an Educational Robotics based Science Camp
TEEM'20: Eighth International Conference on Technological Ecosystems for Enhancing MulticulturalityIn this article we present the details and findings from a case study of a twice held, five day long, science camp on robot technology, with the objective of motivating the participants (N=19), to pursue a future career within the field of STEM. The ...
Mediated transfer: From text to blocks and back
AbstractSince its beginnings in the 1970s, learning to program is a challenging task for learners and educators. In the last two decades, many attempts were made to increase learning programming’s popularity, resulting in the development of ...
Highlights- BPL “MakeCode for micro:bit” can successfully be used for a mediated transfer to TPL Python.
Review on teaching and learning of computational thinking through programming
Programming can help foster computational thinking (CT).Lack of programming-related studies for K-12 despite increased interest.Future studies can focus on intervention in regular classroom setting.Examine programming process with think-aloud protocol ...
Comments