skip to main content
10.1145/3448823.3448853acmotherconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesicvispConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

3D Printed Self Driving Electric Vehicle

Published: 04 March 2021 Publication History

Abstract

With the development in the areas such as high performance graphic processing units (GPU), sensor technologies and artificial networks the goal of self-driving vehicles has never been closer. With the promise of massive decrease in the road accidents, self-driving cars have been the center of attention for the past few years. In this paper we discuss the major components of a self-driving vehicles along with the methodologies required to produce a self-driving vehicle. With the added advent of the 3D printed body our aim is to rapid prototype a 3D printed Electric Vehicle with the goal to test and improve the current self-driving algorithms. The chassis of the car, with an initial body design was simulated and tested along with some basic parameters such as vehicle speed acceleration and traction force. The paper also presents the simulated results of an end-to-end approach to steering vehicle using convolutional neural networks, that would later be the basis of the self-driving algorithm.

References

[1]
SAE. J3016: Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to On-Road Motor Vehicle Automated Driving Systems; SAE Int.: Warrendale, PA, USA, 2014; Available online:
[2]
Eden, G.; Nanchen, B.; Ramseyer, R.; Evéquoz, F. On the Road with an Autonomous Passenger Shuttle: Integration in Public Spaces. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Denver, CO, USA, 6-11 May 2017; pp. 1569--1576.
[3]
Nordho, S.; de Winter, J.; Madigan, R.; Merat, N.; van Arem, B.; Happee, R. User acceptance of automated shuttles in Berlin-Schöneberg: A questionnaire study. Transp. Res. Part F Trac Psychol. Behav. 2018, 58, 843--854.
[4]
Meyer, J.; Becker, H.; Bösch, P.M.; Axhausen, K.W. Autonomous vehicles: The next jump in accessibilities? Res. Transp. Econ. 2017, 62, 80--91.
[5]
Fagnant, D.J.; Kockelman, K. Preparing a nation for autonomous vehicles: Opportunities, barriers and policy recommendations. Transp.
[6]
Wadud, Z.; MacKenzie, D.; Leiby, P. Help or hindrance? The travel, energy and carbon impacts of highly automated vehicles. Transp. Res. Part A Policy Pract. 2016, 86, 1--18.
[7]
Khastgir, S.; Birrell, S.; Dhadyalla, G.; Jennings, P. Calibrating trust through knowledge: Introducing the concept of informed safety for automation in vehicles. Transp. Res. Part C Emerg. Technol. 2018, 96, 290--303.
[8]
Mirnig, A.G.;Wintersberger, P.; Sutter, C.; Ziegler, J. A Framework for Analyzing and Calibrating Trust in Automated Vehicles. In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, 24-26 October 2016; pp. 33--38.
[9]
Ho, K.A.; Bashir, M. Trust in Automation: Integrating Empirical Evidence on Factors That Influence Trust. Hum. Factors J. Hum. Factors Ergon. Soc. 2015, 57, 407--434.
[10]
Lyons, J.B. Being transparent about transparency: A model for human-robot interaction. In Proceedings of the AAAI Spring Symposium, Stanford, CA, USA, 25-27 March 2013; pp. 48--53.
[11]
Kunze, A.; Summerskill, S.J.; Marshall, R.; Filtness, A.J. Automation transparency: Implications of uncertainty communication for human-automation interaction and interfaces. Ergonomics 2019, 62, 345--360.
[12]
Haeuslschmid, R.; Shou, Y.; O'Donovan, J.; Burnett, G.; Butz, A. First Steps towards a View Management Concept for Large-sized Head-up Displays with Continuous Depth. In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications Automotive'UI 16, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, 24-26 October 2016; pp. 1--8.
[13]
Ho, K.A.; Bashir, M. Trust in Automation: Integrating Empirical Evidence on Factors That Influence Trust. Hum. Factors J. Hum. Factors Ergon. Soc. 2015, 57, 407--434.
[14]
Sibi, S.; Baiters, S.; Mok, B.; Steiner, M.; Ju, W. Assessing driver cortical activity under varying levels of automation with functional near infrared spectroscopy. In Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV), Redondo Beach, CA, USA, 11-14 June 2017; pp. 1509--1516.
[15]
Gustavsson, P.; Victor, T.W.; Johansson, J.; Tivesten, E.; Johansson, R.; Aust, L. What were they thinking? Subjective experiences associated with automation expectation mismatch. In Proceedings of the 6th Driver Distraction and Inattention conference, Gothenburg, Sweden, 15-17 October 2018; pp. 1--1
[16]
Haboucha, C.J.; Ishaq, R.; Shiftan, Y. User preferences regarding autonomous vehicles. Transp. Res. Part C Emerg. Technol. 2017, 78, 37--49.
[17]
Bansal, P.; Kockelman, K.M. Forecasting Americans' long-term adoption of connected and autonomous vehicle technologies. Transp. Res. Part A Policy Pract. 2017, 95, 49--63.
[18]
Sang, Y-N. & Bekhet, H.A. (2015), Modelling electric vehicle usage intentions: an empirical study in Malaysia, Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 92, pp.75--83.
[19]
Wu, G., Inderbitzin, A. & Bening, C. (2015). Total cost of ownership of electric vehicles compared to conventional vehicles: A probabilistic analysis and projection across market segment, Energy policy, Vol. 80, pp. 196--214.
[20]
https://polymaker.com/lsev-worlds-first-mass-produced-3d-printed-car/. checked on Dec. 21st, 2019.
[21]
Bojarski, M., Del Testa, D., Dworakowski, D., Firner, B., Flepp, B., Goyal, P., & Zhang, X. (2016). End to end learning for self-driving cars. arXiv preprint arXiv:1604.07316.

Cited By

View all
  • (2023)Experimental Investigation of an Interactive Animatronic Robotic Head Connected to ChatGPT2023 5th International Conference on Bio-engineering for Smart Technologies (BioSMART)10.1109/BioSMART58455.2023.10162099(1-4)Online publication date: 7-Jun-2023
  • (2021)EPT (Electrically Propelled Tricycle)2021 International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication, and Control (ICAC3)10.1109/ICAC353642.2021.9697246(1-7)Online publication date: 3-Dec-2021
  • (2021)A Social Robot with Conversational Capabilities for Visitor Reception: Design and Framework2021 4th International Conference on Bio-Engineering for Smart Technologies (BioSMART)10.1109/BioSMART54244.2021.9677852(1-4)Online publication date: 8-Dec-2021

Index Terms

  1. 3D Printed Self Driving Electric Vehicle

      Recommendations

      Comments

      Information & Contributors

      Information

      Published In

      cover image ACM Other conferences
      ICVISP 2020: Proceedings of the 2020 4th International Conference on Vision, Image and Signal Processing
      December 2020
      366 pages
      ISBN:9781450389532
      DOI:10.1145/3448823
      Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

      Publisher

      Association for Computing Machinery

      New York, NY, United States

      Publication History

      Published: 04 March 2021

      Permissions

      Request permissions for this article.

      Check for updates

      Author Tags

      1. 3d printed
      2. Autonomous Vehicles
      3. CNN
      4. Chassis Design
      5. Electric Vehicle
      6. Self-Driving

      Qualifiers

      • Research-article
      • Research
      • Refereed limited

      Conference

      ICVISP 2020

      Acceptance Rates

      ICVISP 2020 Paper Acceptance Rate 60 of 147 submissions, 41%;
      Overall Acceptance Rate 186 of 424 submissions, 44%

      Contributors

      Other Metrics

      Bibliometrics & Citations

      Bibliometrics

      Article Metrics

      • Downloads (Last 12 months)20
      • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)1
      Reflects downloads up to 13 Jan 2025

      Other Metrics

      Citations

      Cited By

      View all
      • (2023)Experimental Investigation of an Interactive Animatronic Robotic Head Connected to ChatGPT2023 5th International Conference on Bio-engineering for Smart Technologies (BioSMART)10.1109/BioSMART58455.2023.10162099(1-4)Online publication date: 7-Jun-2023
      • (2021)EPT (Electrically Propelled Tricycle)2021 International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication, and Control (ICAC3)10.1109/ICAC353642.2021.9697246(1-7)Online publication date: 3-Dec-2021
      • (2021)A Social Robot with Conversational Capabilities for Visitor Reception: Design and Framework2021 4th International Conference on Bio-Engineering for Smart Technologies (BioSMART)10.1109/BioSMART54244.2021.9677852(1-4)Online publication date: 8-Dec-2021

      View Options

      Login options

      View options

      PDF

      View or Download as a PDF file.

      PDF

      eReader

      View online with eReader.

      eReader

      Media

      Figures

      Other

      Tables

      Share

      Share

      Share this Publication link

      Share on social media