Michael Omar
ABSTRACT
Internet of Things (IoT) is becoming a promising area to support communication of all type of devices. Blockchain aids to ensure higher security in this field, but the increase in ubiquitous connectivity leads to increase load and hence it requires a perfect search for the nodes. This paper addresses the issue by the design of a three tier P2p fog-IoT architecture using distributed blockchain. The tier-1 employs an authenticator responsible to authenticate IoT nodes with identity, IP address and physical unclonable function (PUF). To balance IoT nodes request, super peers are dynamically selected from multi-criteria ranking based optimal points (MC-RBOP). Further the requests are forwarded to blockchain present in tier-3. In tier-3 the Master node performs storage and searching. Due to the possibility of redundant data storage, Jaro-Winkler measures a similarity in the data before storing it. An Adaptive Chord with fuzzy neural (AC-FNN) is incorporated to search the lightweight U-QUARK algorithm-based hash key-values in the directory. The design of fog-IoT with new chord algorithm is implemented in network simulator-3 and the results are evaluated in terms of latency, response time, blockchain size and network usage.
Supplemental Material
Available for Download
pdf
p29-omar-supplement.pdf (416.2 KB)
Presentation slides
- Kun Ma, Antoine Bagula, Clement Nyirenda, Olasupo Ajayi, ‘An IoT-Based Fog Computing Model’, Sensors, MDPI, Vol. 19, No. 12, 2019.Google Scholar
- Ammar Awad Mutlag, Mohd Khanapi Abd Ghani, N. Aunkumar, Mazin Abed Mohammed, Othman Mohd, ‘Enabling technologies for fog computing in healthcare IoT systems’, Future Generation Computer Systems, Vol. 90, pp. 62 – 78, 2019.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Quang Duy La, Mao V. Ngo, Thinh Quang Dinh, Tony Q.S. Quek, Hyundong Shin, ‘Enbaling intelligence in fog computing to achieve energy and latency reduction’, Digital Communications and Networks, 2019.Google Scholar
- Rodrigo A. C. da Silva, Nelson L. S. da Fonseca, ‘On the Location of Fog Nodes in Fog-Cloud Infrastructures’, Sensors, MDPI, Vol. 19, No. 11, 2019.Google Scholar
- Pinchen Cui, Ujjwal Guin, Anthony Skjellum, David Umphress, ‘Blockchain in IoT: Current Trends, Challenges, and Future Roadmap’, Journal of Hardware and Systems Security, pp. 338 – 364, 2019.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Bacem Mbarek, Nafaâ Jabeur, Tomás Pitner, Ansar-Ul-Haque Yasar, ‘MBS: Multilevel Blockchain System for IoT’,Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 2019.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Göran Pulkkis, Jonny Karlsson, Magnus Westerlund, ‘Blockchain-Based Security Solutions for IoT Systems’, Wiley Online Library, 2018.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Peng Zhang, Jules White, Douglas C.Schmidt, Gunther Lenz, S.Trent Rosenbloom, ‘FHIRChain: Applying Blockchain to Securely and Scalably Share Clinical Data’, Computational And Structural Biotechnology Journal, 2018.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Naveed Islam, Yasir Faheem, Ikram Ud Din, Muhammad Talha, Mohsen Guizani, Mudassir Khalil, ‘A blockchain-based fog computing framework for activity recognition as an application to e-healthcare services’, Future Generation computer Systems, Elsevier, Vol. 100, pp. 569 – 578, 2019.Google Scholar
- Su-Hwan Jang, Jo Guejong, Jongpil Jeong, Bae Sangmin, ‘Fog Computing Architecture Based Blockchain for Industrial IoT’, International Conference on Computational Science, pp. 593 – 606, 2019.Google Scholar
- Yahya Hassanzadeh-Nazarabadi, Alptekin Küpçü, Öznur Özkasap, ‘LightChain: A DHT-based Blockchain for Resource Constrained Environments’, Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, arXiv.org, 2019.Google Scholar
- Sandi Rahmadika, Kyung-Hyune Rhee, ‘Blockchain technology for providing an architecture model of decentralized personal health information’, International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 2018.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Antonio Tenorio-Fornés, Samer Hassan, Samer Hassan, Juan Pavón, ‘Open Peer-to-Peer Systems over Blockchain and IPFS: an Agent Oriented Framework’, 1st Workshop on Cryptocurrencies and Blockchains for Distributed Systems, pp. 19 – 24, 2018.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ollen Chen, ‘Hybrid blockchain and pseudonymous authentication for secure and trusted IoT networks’, Vol. 15, No. 5, ACM SIGBED, Vol. 15, No. 5, 2018.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Spyros Voulgaris, Nikos Fotiou, Vasilios A. Siris, George C.Polyzos, Mikael Jaatinen, Yannis Oikonomidis, ‘Blockcahin Technology for Intelligent Environments’, Future Internet, Vol. 11, No. 10, 2019.Google Scholar
- Srikanta Pradhan, Somanath Tripathy, Sukumar Nandi, ‘Blockchain based Security Framework for P2P Filesharing system’, IEEE International Conference on Advanced Networks and Telecommunications Systems (ANTS), 2019.Google Scholar
- Jollen Chen, ‘Flowchain: A Distributed Ledger Designed for Peer-to-Per IoT Networks and Real-time Data Transactions’, Computer Science, 2017.Google Scholar
- Mazin Debe, Khaled Salah, Muhammad Habib Ur Rahman, Davor Svetinovic, ‘Blockchain-Based Decentralized Reverse Bidding in Fog Computing’, IEEE Access, Vol. 8, pp. 81686 – 81697, 2020.Google Scholar
- Joong-Lyul Lee, Stephen C Kerns, Sangjin Hong, ‘A Secure IoT-Fog-Cloud Framework Using Blockchain Based on DAT for Mobile IoT’, IEEE 10th Annual Ubiquitous Computing, Electronics & Mobile Communication Conference (UEMCON), 2019.Google Scholar
- Michael HerbertZiegler, Marcel Groβmann, Udo R. Krieger, ‘Integration of Fog Computing and Blockchain Technology Using the Plasma Framework’, IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC), 2019.Google Scholar
- Juah C Song, Mevlut A Demir, John J Prevost, Paul Rad, ‘Blockchain Design for Trusted Decentralized IoT Networks’, 13th Annual Conference on System of Systems Engineering (SoSE), 2018.Google Scholar
- Olivier Debauche, Saïd Mahimoudi, Pierre Manneback, Abdessamad Assila, ‘Fog IoT for Health: A new Architecture for Patients and Elderly Monitoring’, Procedia Computer Science, Elsevier, Vol. 160, pp. 289 – 297, 2019.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Kai Lei, Maoyu Du, Jiyue Huang, Tong Jin, ‘Groupchain: Towards a Scalable Public Blockchain in Fog Computing of IoT Services Computing’, IEEE Transactions on Services Computing, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 252 – 262, 2020.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Mazin Debe, Khaled Salah, Muhammad Habib Ur Rehman, Davor Svetinovic, ‘IoT Public Fog Nodes Reputation System: A Decentralized Solution Using Ethereum Blockchain’, IEEE Access, Vol. 7, pp. 178082 – 178093, 2019.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Bingqing Shen, Jingzhi Guo, Yilong Yang, ‘MedChain: Efficient Healthcare Data Sharing via Blockchain’, Applied Sciences, MDPI, Vol. 9, No. 6, 2019.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Umair Khalid, Muhammad Asim, Thar Baker, Patrick C. K. Hung, Muhammad Adnan Tariq, Laura Rafferty, ‘A decentralized lightweight blockchain-based authentication mechanism for IoT systems’, Cluster Computing, Springer, 2020.Google Scholar
- Sandi Rahmadika, Kyung-Hyune Rhee, ‘Toward Privacy-Preserving Shared Storage in Untrusted Blockchain P2P Networks’, Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2019.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Jean-Philippe Aumasson, Luca Henzen, Willi Meier, Maria Naya-Plasencia, ‘QUARK: A Lightweight Hash’, Journal of Cryptology, pp. 313 -339, 2013.Google ScholarDigital Library
Recommendations
An Efficient Hybrid Peer-to-Peer System for Distributed Data Sharing
Peer-to-peer overlay networks are widely used in distributed systems. Based on whether a regular topology is maintained among peers, peer-to-peer networks can be divided into two categories: structured peer-to-peer networks in which peers are connected ...
Comments