skip to main content
10.1145/3474451.3476231acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagessapConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Spatial Judgments in Impossible Spaces Preserve Important Relative Information

Published:16 September 2021Publication History

ABSTRACT

In virtual reality (VR), Impossible Spaces allow rooms to overlap each other in physical space, enabling developers to better utilize the limited space available for VR systems. Prior work has explored detect thresholds for an impossible spaces, but little work has considered how impossible spaces affect users’ understandings of spatial relationships within virtual environments. We present a study evaluating how impossible spaces affected participants’ judgments of a room’s width, and how this was impacted by whether participants considered each room individually, or within the context of the entire space. Participants’ judgments of single rooms was not impacted by being in an impossible space, however judgments were significantly smaller when considering an impossible space as a whole. Even so, participants’ judgments preserved the respective ratio between overlapping rooms, indicating that the relative sizes of different rooms is preserved in impossible spaces. This suggests that while absolute spatial information may be disrupted by impossible spaces, important relative information can be preserved. However, it is not yet clear how much of this effect can be attributed to lower-level perception and higher-level cognition.

References

  1. Evren Bozgeyikli, Andrew Raij, Srinivas Katkoori, and Rajiv Dubey. 2016. Point & teleport locomotion technique for virtual reality. In Proceedings of the 2016 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play. ACM, 205–216.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  2. Lucia A Cherep, Alex F Lim, Jonathan W Kelly, Devi Acharya, Alfredo Velasco, Emanuel Bustamante, Alec G Ostrander, and Stephen B Gilbert. 2020. Spatial cognitive implications of teleporting through virtual environments.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied(2020).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  3. Daniel Cliburn, Stacy Rilea, David Parsons, Prakash Surya, and Jessica Semler. 2009. The effects of teleportation on recollection of the structure of a virtual world. In Proceedings of the 15th Joint virtual reality Eurographics conference on Virtual Environments. 117–120.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  4. Christopher J Ferguson. 2016. An effect size primer: A guide for clinicians and researchers.(2016).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  5. Stephen C Hirtle and John Jonides. 1985. Evidence of hierarchies in cognitive maps. Memory & cognition 13, 3 (1985), 208–217.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  6. Byron C Jaeger, Lloyd J Edwards, Kalyan Das, and Pranab K Sen. 2017. An R 2 statistic for fixed effects in the generalized linear mixed model. Journal of Applied Statistics 44, 6 (2017), 1086–1105.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  7. Jonathan W Kelly, Alec G Ostrander, Alex F Lim, Lucia A Cherep, and Stephen B Gilbert. 2020. Teleporting through virtual environments: Effects of path scale and environment scale on spatial updating. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 26, 5(2020), 1841–1850.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  8. Eike Langbehn, Paul Lubos, and Frank Steinicke. 2018. Evaluation of locomotion techniques for room-scale vr: Joystick, teleportation, and redirected walking. In Proceedings of the Virtual Reality International Conference-Laval Virtual. ACM, 4.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  9. Ian Moar and Gordon H Bower. 1983. Inconsistency in spatial knowledge. Memory & Cognition 11, 2 (1983), 107–113.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  10. Jannik AIH Neerdal, Thomas B Hansen, Nicolai B Hansen, Kresta Louise F Bonita, and Martin Kraus. 2019. Navigating procedurally generated overt self-overlapping environments in VR. In Interactivity, Game Creation, Design, Learning, and Innovation. Springer, 244–260.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  11. Niels Christian Nilsson, Tabitha Peck, Gerd Bruder, Eri Hodgson, Stefania Serafin, Mary Whitton, Frank Steinicke, and Evan Suma Rosenberg. 2018. 15 Years of Research on Redirected Walking in Immersive Virtual Environments. IEEE computer graphics and applications 38, 2 (2018), 44–56.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  12. Richard Paris, Joshua Klag, Priya Rajan, Lauren Buck, Timothy P McNamara, and Bobby Bodenheimer. 2019. How video game locomotion methods affect navigation in virtual environments. In ACM Symposium on Applied Perception 2019. 1–7.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  13. Tabitha C Peck, Henry Fuchs, and Mary C Whitton. 2011. An evaluation of navigational ability comparing Redirected Free Exploration with Distractors to Walking-in-Place and joystick locomotio interfaces. In 2011 IEEE Virtual Reality Conference. IEEE, 55–62.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  14. Andrew Robb and Catherine Barwulor. 2019. Perception of spatial relationships in impossible spaces. In ACM Symposium on Applied Perception 2019. 1–5.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  15. Roy A Ruddle and Simon Lessels. 2006. For efficient navigational search, humans require full physical movement, but not a rich visual scene. Psychological Science 17, 6 (2006), 460–465.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  16. Roy A Ruddle and Simon Lessels. 2009. The benefits of using a walking interface to navigate virtual environments. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) 16, 1(2009), 5.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  17. Salvar Sigurdarson, Andrew P Milne, Daniel Feuereissen, and Bernhard E Riecke. 2012. Can physical motions prevent disorientation in naturalistic VR?. In 2012 IEEE Virtual Reality Workshops (VRW). IEEE, 31–34.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  18. Albert Stevens and Patty Coupe. 1978. Distortions in judged spatial relations. Cognitive psychology 10, 4 (1978), 422–437.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  19. Evan Suma, Samantha Finkelstein, Myra Reid, Sabarish Babu, Amy Ulinski, and Larry F Hodges. 2009. Evaluation of the cognitive effects of travel technique in complex real and virtual environments. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 16, 4(2009), 690–702.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  20. Evan A Suma, Seth Clark, David Krum, Samantha Finkelstein, Mark Bolas, and Zachary Warte. 2011a. Leveraging change blindness for redirection in virtual environments. In 2011 IEEE Virtual Reality Conference. IEEE, 159–166.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  21. Evan A Suma, David M Krum, Samantha Finkelstein, and Mark Bolas. 2011b. Effects of redirection on spatial orientation in real and virtual environments. In 2011 IEEE Symposium on 3D User Interfaces (3DUI). IEEE, 35–38.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  22. Evan A. Suma, Zachary Lipps, Samantha Finkelstein, David M. Krum, and Mark Bolas. 2012. Impossible spaces: Maximizing natural walking in virtual environments with self-overlapping architecture. 18, 4 (2012), 555–564.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  23. Barbara Tversky. 1981. Distortions in memory for maps. Cognitive psychology 13, 3 (1981), 407–433.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  24. Martin Usoh, Kevin Arthur, Mary C. Whitton, Rui Bastos, Anthony Steed, Mel Slater, and Frederick P. Brooks Jr. 1999. Walking> walking-in-place> flying, in virtual environments. In Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques. ACM Press/Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., 359–364.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  25. K Vasylevska and H Kaufmann. 2015. Influence of path complexity on spatial overlap perception in virtual environments. (2015).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  26. Khrystyna Vasylevska and Hannes Kaufmann. 2017. Towards efficient spatial compression in self-overlapping virtual environments. In 2017 IEEE Symposium on 3D User Interfaces (3DUI). IEEE, 12–21.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  27. Khrystyna Vasylevska, Hannes Kaufmann, Mark Bolas, and Evan A. Suma. 2013. Flexible spaces: Dynamic layout generation for infinite walking in virtual environments. In 2013 IEEE Symposium on 3D User Interfaces (3DUI). IEEE, 39–42.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  28. William H Warren, Daniel B Rothman, Benjamin H Schnapp, and Jonathan D Ericson. 2017. Wormholes in virtual space: From cognitive maps to cognitive graphs. Cognition 166(2017), 152–163.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  29. Bodo Winter. 2013. Linear models and linear mixed effects models in R with linguistic applications. arXiv preprint arXiv:1308 (2013).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  30. Catherine A Zanbaka, Benjamin C Lok, Sabarish V Babu, Amy Catherine Ulinski, and Larry F Hodges. 2005. Comparison of path visualizations and cognitive measures relative to travel technique in a virtual environment. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 11, 6(2005), 694–705.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  1. Spatial Judgments in Impossible Spaces Preserve Important Relative Information

      Recommendations

      Comments

      Login options

      Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

      Sign in
      • Published in

        cover image ACM Conferences
        SAP '21: ACM Symposium on Applied Perception 2021
        September 2021
        109 pages
        ISBN:9781450386630
        DOI:10.1145/3474451

        Copyright © 2021 ACM

        Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

        Publisher

        Association for Computing Machinery

        New York, NY, United States

        Publication History

        • Published: 16 September 2021

        Permissions

        Request permissions about this article.

        Request Permissions

        Check for updates

        Qualifiers

        • research-article
        • Research
        • Refereed limited

        Acceptance Rates

        Overall Acceptance Rate43of94submissions,46%

        Upcoming Conference

        SAP '24
        ACM Symposium on Applied Perception 2024
        August 30 - 31, 2024
        Dublin , Ireland
      • Article Metrics

        • Downloads (Last 12 months)36
        • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)3

        Other Metrics

      PDF Format

      View or Download as a PDF file.

      PDF

      eReader

      View online with eReader.

      eReader